Digestive system

Lesson 2

Anatomy

The anatomy of Lampanyctodes hectoris
(1) - operculum (gill cover), (2) - lateral line, (3) - dorsal fin, (4) - fat fin, (5) - caudal peduncle, (6) - caudal fin, (7) - anal fin, (8) - photophores, (9) - pelvic fins (paired), (10) - pectoral fins (paired)

(1) - жаберная крышка, (2) - боковая линия, (3) - спинной плавник, (4) -, (5) - хвостовой стебель, (6) - хвостовой плавник, (7) - анальный плавник, (8) - фотофорез, (9) - анальный плавник (парный), (10) - грудной плавник (парный)

10. Define the main idea of the text.

1. Read the words.

esophagus

pancreas

digestive

chemicals

absorption

2. a) Cover the right column and read the English words. Translate them into Russian and check your translation.

b) Cover the left column and translate the Russian words back into English.

advent jaw esophagus pyloric caecum pancreas intestine

наступление челюсть пищевод пилорический слепая кишка поджелудочная железа кишечник, кишки

3. Read the words and put down their Russian equivalents:

fingerlike pouches _________________________________

nutrient absorption _________________________________

break down _______________________________________

digestive chemicals_________________________________

digestive enzymes __________________________________

digested food _______________________________________

4. Make a list of words according to the model. Translate the words.

Model: expansion, to expand – растягивать

Fermentation, to ________________ - ________________________

…, to ________________________ - ________________________

…, to ________________________ - _________________________

…, to ________________________ - _________________________

…, to ________________________ - _________________________

5. Which of the following words are nouns? verbs? adjectives? adverbs? Why?

Down, esophagus, enter, stomach, food, process, call, digestive, nutrients, move, liver, fast.

6. Read and translate the text.

The advent of jaws allowed fish to eat a much wider variety of food, including plants and other organisms. In fish, food is ingested through the mouth and then broken down in the esophagus. When it enters the stomach, the food is further broken down and, in many fish, further processed in fingerlike pouches called pyloric caeca. The pyloric caeca secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients from the digested food. Organs such as the liver and pancreas add enzymes and various digestive chemicals as the food moves through the digestive tract. The intestine completes the process of digestion and nutrient absorption.

7. Make sentences of the following words.

1. Mouth, ingested, food, through, is, the.

2. The food down is esophagus broken in?

3. Secrete pyloric enzymes the caeca digestive.

4. The through tract the food digestive moves.

8. Pair work. Put the questions given below to your group-mate and ask him/her to answer them.

1. What kind of food can fish eat?

2. What role does the esophagus play?

3. Where are nutrients absorbed?

4. What organs add enzymes and various digestive chemicals?

5. What does the intestine do?

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