Sense organs

Lesson 7

1. Read the words:

chemoreceptor

although

specialize

electricity

vibration

catfish

shark

2. Master the active vocabulary. Cover the left column and translate the Russian words back into English.

chemoreceptor receptor prey electric eel detect

хеморецептор рецептор, орган чувств жертва; добыча электрический угорь обнаруживать

3. Read and translate the text. Word formation.

d) Analyze the meaning of the suffixes: -ly, -less, -able.

e) Find words formed with these suffixes in the text and translate them.

f) Give your own examples.

Most fish possess highly developed sense organs. Nearly all daylight fish have well-developed eyes that have color vision that is at least as good as a human's. Many fish also have specialized cells known as chemoreceptors that are responsible for extraordinary senses of taste and smell. Although they have ears in their heads, many fish may not hear sounds very well. However, most fishes have sensitive receptors that form the lateral line system. The lateral line system allows for many fish to detect gentle currents and vibrations, as well as to sense the motion of other nearby fish and prey. Some fishes such as catfishes and sharks, have organs that detect low levels electric current. Other fish, like the electric eel, can produce their own electricity.

4. Put down the nouns. Translate the words. Find a word different from others.

Model: to form – former; создавать - создатель

To fish - ____________­­_; _____________ - __________________

To feel - ____________­_; _____________ - __________________

To produce - __________; _____________ - __________________

To detect - ___________; ______________ - __________________

To sense - ____________; ______________ - __________________

5. What’s in a word?

to be in one's right brains — быть в здравом уме

out of one's brains — помешанный, не в своем уме

to live with one's own brains — жить своим умом

the great brains of the world — великие умы человечества

on one's brains — в мыслях, на уме

brain trust — "мозговой трест"

to beat/rack one's brains about/with smth. — ломать себе голову над чем-л.

to crack one's brain(s) — спятить, свихнуться

to have one's brains on ice — сохранять ледяное спокойствие

smth. on the brain — неотвязная мысль

to have (got) smb., smth. on the brain — неотступно думать о ком-л., чем-л.

an idle brain is the devil's workshop — праздность ума мать всех пороков

to make smb.'s brain reel — поразить кого-л.

to pick/suck smb.'s brains — использовать чужие мысли

to turn smb.'s brain — вскружить кому-л. голову; сбить кого-л. с толку

6. Combine the given adjectives (A) with the proper nouns (B). Translate the word combinations.

A	B
well developed sensitive specialized extraordinary gentle nearby low	eyes receptors currents fish senses level cells

7. Read the words and put down their Russian equivalents:

daylight fish

color vision

currents and vibrations

electric current

lateral line system

8. Put down the English for:

боковая линия _____________________________________

органы чувств _____________________________________

движение _________________________________________

обоняние _________________________________________

вкус ______________________________________________

9. Read the micro text and define the main idea of the text.

In 2003, Scottish scientists at the University of Edinburgh performing research on rainbow trout concluded that fish exhibit behaviors often associated with pain. Professor James D. Rose of the University of Wyoming critiqued the study, claiming it was flawed. Rose had published his own study a year earlier arguing that fish cannot feel pain as they lack the appropriate neocortex in the brain. Other researchers say the question of pain in fish is difficult to answer as fish "pain" may be felt differently than human "pain."

10. Translate the following sentences:

1. Мыслительная сила зависит от головного мозга.

2. У рыб сравнительно маленький мозг по отношению к размерам тела.

3. Рыбы могут различать цвета.

4. Акулы могут чувствовать электрический ток.

5. Электрический угорь может вырабатывать электричество.

6. Мозжечок - самая большая часть мозга.

11. Make a project. “Sensory and nervous system”.

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