Text D Fire fighting apparatus today

Exercise 3. Answer the questions.

1. When did the third biggest change in the fire department come?

2. What kind of change was it?

3. Why was the transition from the steamer to the gasoline-powered engine hard?

4. What were the advantages of the motor-driven apparatus?

5. What kind of disadvantages did the first motor-driven apparatus have?

6. Did the manufacturers manage to develop reliable and powerful pumps?

Exercise 4. Use degrees of comparison: (e.g. small – smaller – the smallest)

big – reliable -

gradual – frequent -

fine – powerful -

successful - many -

Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences, paying attention onimpersonal phrases:

It is impossible… невозможно…; It is necessary… необходимо…; It is late… поздно…; It is difficult for them… им трудно…; It is easy for us… нам легко…; It is quite possible for me… вполне возможно, что я…

1. In is necessary to work at the language every day.

2. It is difficult for me to translate this text because I do not know the words.

3. It is impossible to answer your question.

4. It is quite possible for him to forget her telephone number.

5. It is easy for us to get to the University by tram or trolleybus.

6. It is late to go to the canteen because the lecture will begin in five minutes.

Exercise 6. Translate “one” in different functions:

1. One can easily understand why the professor of an engineer requires special college training. 2. We must translate only one text. 3. One cannot translate such a text without a dictionary in the first year. 4. One must pass all exams well to enter the University. 5. You may take my dictionary. – Thank you, I have one, the one that my friend gave me yesterday. 6. One is never old to learn. 7. The new technologies that are being developed must be connected with traditional ones. 8.The use of an analogue computer permits one to obtain such results quite rapidly. 9. The problem that has become the most important one in the modern world is the problem of terrorism.

Exercise 1. Read the text

Today the motor-pumping engine is in universal use. Powerful pumps have been developed in compact sizes, allowing room for the pumper to carry a large amount of hose. This eliminated the hose wagon. Today’s pumper can also carry its own water supply with a small hose reel for putting out smaller fires, eliminating the old chemical wagon. Although it did not eliminate the ladder truck and other specialized equipment, the pumper does carry smaller ladders and some forcible entry tools. On the apparatus, today’s firefighters carry all the practical tools of the past, plus those that have recently come into use.

Although the fire service is staying up with today’s progressive advancements, it appears there will always be a need for firefighters, fire fighting equipment and tools as long as people and flammable substances exist.

eliminate – устранять, исключать

flammable substances – (легко) воспламеняемые вещества

forcible entry tools – оборудование для вскрытия конструкций

hose wagon – тележка, фургон для рукавов

recently – недавно, в последнее время

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27