Unit 16 Participle

The Participle has the following forms:

	Active	Passive
Present Participle I	дієслово + ing	being + 3ф.д./ed
Past Participle	3f.v./ ed	-----------------
Perfect Participle II	having + 3ф.д./ed	having + been+ 3ф.д. /ed

We use Participle:

- Participle I:

- as adjective:

e.g. I saw smiling girl;

- Present Participle I is used in function of Adverbial Modifier (обставини):

e.g. Walking home she didn’t hurry;

- Present Participle I Passive:

e.g. The music being performed was quite new.

- Past Participle: verb+3f.v./ed = adjective:

discussed – обговорений;

e.g. Written letter is on the table;

- Perfect Participle II:

e.g. Having written the letter he left.

Написавши листа, він вийшов;

- Perfect Participle Passive II:

e.g. Having been written the letter, he left.

Після того як листа написали, він вийшов.

Exercise 1. Insert Participle I of the verbs in brackets:

1. We spent about an hour (take) our papers to the office.

2. Generally (speak), this problem is rather difficult.

3. (Work) a year in Germany he returned to Ukraine.

4. He sat in his arm-chair (smoke) a cigarette.

5. Our new manager is a young man (wear) glasses.

6. The Japanese businessman bowed low and (take) my hand kissed it.

7. Saying this, he left the room.

8. (Be) busy, he postponed his trip to Italy.

9. I stood (watch) the people who were entering the office.

10. He went to work, (leave) the letter on the dressing table.

11. The conference (take) place at the University is devoted to the problems of green tourism.

12. While (wait) for you I have translated this article.

Exercise 2. Inset Perfect Participle II of the verbs in brackets:

1. The work (do) we received high salary.

2. (Live) in that town all his life, he knew it very well.

3. When he (invite) he always takes part in our discussions.

4. (Find) nobody in the office, he left the room.

5. When (ask) to help them she refused without hesitating.

6. (Complete) their tests, the students handed them.

7. (Finish) our work we went for a walk.

8. (Understand) his mistake he stopped arguing.

9. (Explain) everything he sat at his place.

10. (Know) that he had enough time he wasn’t in a hurry.

Exercise 3. Translate into English:

1. Коли все було готове, ми почали проект.

2. Коли роботу було закінчено, ми отримали підвищення в зарплатні.

3. Обговорені деталі контракту всі зрозуміли.

4. Зрозумівши прохання, він почав діяти.

5. Вона мені дала звіт посміхаючись.

6. Роботу було зроблено, і ми пішли додому.

7. Так як ключ було загублено, вона не змогла зайти в квартиру.

8. Так як питання було складним, ніхто не міг відповісти.

9. Бувши дуже стомленим, він залишився дома.

10. Так як квитки всі продали, ми пішли додому.

Список використаної літератури

1. Ricky W. Griffin, Ronald J. Ebert «Business», Third Edition. Fall, 1992.

2. Warrant R. Plunkett, Raymond F. Attner «Introduction to Management», Fifth Edition.

3. Pride/Highes/Kapoor «Business», Second Edition, Houghton Miffin Company, 1998.

4. The New International Webster’s Comprehensive Dictionary of the English Language. Encyclopedic edition, Trident Press International, 1996.

5. Collins Dictionary of Economics, Harper Collins Publishers, 1998.

6. David Evans «Business English Verbs», Penguin English, 2008.

7. Barbara Campbell «Guide to English for Business», Chambers, 1999.

8. Nick Brieger, Simon Sweeney, «The Language of Business English», Prentice Hall, 1994.

9. The Newbury House Dictionary of American English, 1996.

10. Oxford Dictionary of Business English, Oxford University Press, 1996.

11. The Cassell Concise Dictionary, 1997.

12. M. I. Balla English-Ukrainian Dictionary. – К.: «Освіта».

13. Sandra Costenett «The language of Accounting in English», Prentice Hall, 1997.

14. Neil Wood, Workshop Oxford «Business and Commerce», 2007.

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