Несовпадение древнеевропейской и индоевропейской символики 3 страница

20. Trump D.H.'La grotta di Filiestru a Bonu Ighinu, Mara (SS). Dessi-Sassari, 1983.

21. Puxeddu С Giacimenti di ossidiana del Monte Arci in Sardegnae sua irradiazione // Studi Sardi. 1955-1957. № 14-15. P. 10-66.

22. Loria R., Trump D.H. Le scoperte a Sa Ucca de Su Tin-tirriolu e il neolítico sardo// Monumenti Antichi. Seria misc. 1978. № 2/2.

23. Atzeni E. Aspetti e sviluppi culturali del neolítico e delle prime etàdei metalli in Sardegna // lchnussa. La Sardegna dalle origini all'età classica. Milano: Libri Scheiwiller, 1981. P. 27-41.

24. Ibid. P. XXVIII, ил. 5.

25. Ibid. P. 21 51.

26. Evans J.D. Malta. Ancient People and Places. London: Thames and Hudson, 1959.

27. Evans J.D. The Prehistoric Antiquities of the Maltese Islands: A Survey. London: The Athlone Press, 1971.

28. Trump D.H. Skorba// Reports of the Research Com­mittee of the Society of Antiquaries of London. Vol. 22. Oxford University Press; the National Museum of Malta, 1966.

Глава VI

1. Ducos P. L'dlevage en Méditerranée occidentale // Actes du Colloque Internationale de Г Institut de Recherches Méditerranées, C.N.R.S. 1976. P. 77 ss.; Roche J. Le gisement mésolithique de Moita do Sebastiâo, Muge, Portugal. Lisboa, 1972; Guilaine J., Roudil J.-L. Les civilisations néolithiques en Languedoc // La Préhistoire Franchise. T. 2 / Sous la dir. de J.Guilaine. Paris, 1976. ?. 267; Poplin E, Poulain T, Mdniel P., Vigne J.-D., Geddes D., Helmer D. Les débuts de l'élevage en France // Le Néolithique de la France. Hommage à G.Bailloud/ Sous la dir. de J.-P.Demoule, J.Guilaine. Paris: Picard, 1986. P. 37-51.

2. Mills N. The Neolithic of Brittany //Ancient France / Ed. by C.Scarre. Edinburgh University Press, 1984. P. 109.

3. Guilaine J. The earliest Neolithic in the West Mediter­ranean: A new appraisal //Antiquity. 1979. № 53. P. 22-30; Phillips P. Early Farmers of West Mediterranean Europe. Lon­don: Hutchinson, 1975. P. 48.

4. Bahn P. The Neolithic in the French Pyrenees // Ancient France. P. 184-222.

5. Olària С Cova Fosca. Un asentamiento meso-neolíti-co de cazadores у pastures en la serranía del Alto Maestraz-go, Casiellón // Monografíes de Prehistoria у Arqueología Castellonenques. 1988. Vol. 3.

6. Schubart H„ Pascual V. Datacion рог el C-14 de los es-tratos con cerámica cardial de la Coveta de I'Or // Archivo de Prehistoria Levantina (Valencia). 1964. Vol. 9. P. 45-51; Marti B. Cova de ГОг (Beniares, Alicante) // Trabajos Varios delS.LP. Valencia, 1977.

7. Hopf M. Triticum monococcum L. у Triticum dicoccum Schübl. en el Neolítico antiguo espafiol // Archivo de Prehis­toria Levantina. 1966. Vol. 11. P. 53-73.

8. Vicent A.M., Mufioz A.M. Secunda Campaña de Exca-vationes. La Cueva de Los Murciélagos, Zuheros (Cordoba) 1969//Excavationes Arqueológica en Espafla. 1973. №77; Lopez P. La problemática cronológica del neolítico peninsular// C-14 у Prehistoria de la Peninsula Ibérica. Serie Universitaria, 77. Madrid, 1978. P. 51.

9. Lopez P. Op. cit. P. 53.

10. Guilaine J., Veiga Ferreira O. da. Le Néolithique ancien au Portugal // Bulletin de la Socidtd Prdhistorique Française. 1970. № 67. P. 304-322; Phillips P. Early Farmers of West Med­iterranean Europe. P. 71.

11. Scarre С The Neolithic of West-Central France // An­cient France. P. 327.

12. Beltran A. Da cacciatori ad allevatori. L'arte rupestra del Levante Spagnolo. Milano: Jaca Book, 1979; Savory H.N. Spain and Portugal. London: Thames and Hudson, 1968. P. 57; Olària C. Cova Fosca. P. 423-424.

13. Pelicer M. El neolítico у el bronce de la Cueva de la Cari-guela del Pifiar // Trabajos de prehistoria (Madrid). 1966. № 15.

14. Binder D., Courtin J. Les styles céramiques du Ndolithique ancien proven^al // Le Néolithique de la France. P. S3-93; Guilaine J. Le Neolithique ancien en Languedoc et Catalogne // Ibid. P. 71-82; Treinen-Claustre F. Le groupe de Montbol dans son contexte pyrdnden // Ibid. P. 217-232.

15. Niederlander A., Lacam R., Arnal J. Le gisement ndolithique de Roucadour // 3^rd Supplement to Gallia Préhistoire. Paris, 1966; Scarre С The Neolithic ofWest-Central France. P. 228.

16. Giot P.-R., L'Helgouach J„ Monnier J. Préhistoire de la Bretagne. Rennes, 1979.

17. Vaquer J. Le Chasséen meridional. Etat de la ques­tion // Le Ndolithique de la France. P. 33-44.

18. Meroc L., Simonnet G. Le village néolithique Chasséen de Saint-Michel-du-Touch, commune Toulouse (Haute Garonne) // Bulletin de la Société Mdridionate de Spcldologie et de Prdhistoire. 1969. P. 14-15, 27-37; Idem. Le Chassden de la haute ct de la moyenne vallde de la Garonne // Les Civi­lisations Ndolithiques du Midi de la France / Sous la dir. de J.Guilaine. Carcassonne, 1970. Еще одно поселение было раскопано в Вильнев-Толозане: Clones J., GiraudJ.-R, Rou-zand F., Vaquer J. Le village ndolithique de Villeneuve-Tolosane //Aichaeologia. 1970. № 130. P. 6-13.

*

I

45 0 _________________________________________________________________________ Гимбутас M. Цив шиз аця я Великой Богини

19. Amal J., Rodriguez G. Legisement saintponiende Doric
Félines-Minervois (Hérault)//Bulletin du Musée d'Amhro-
pologie Préistorique de Monaco. 1971. № 17. P. 171-190.

20. Barfietd L. Northern Italy before Rome. London:
Thames and Hudson, 1971; Bagolini В., Barfield L., BroglioA.
Notizie preliminari sulle ricerche neirinsediamento neolitico
di Fimon-Molino, Casarotto (Vicenza) 1969-1972 // Rivista
diScienze Preistoriche. 1973. № 27/1. P. 161-215.

21. Castelfranco P. Cimeli dei Museo Ponti nell'Isola Vir­ginia Lago Varese. Milan, 1916.

22. Barfield L. Northern Italy before Rome. P. 52.

23. Sauter M.R. Sepultures à cistes du Bassin du Rhône // Sibrium. 1955. № 2. Кроме того, сошлемся на уст­ное сообщение профессора Соте, сделанное в 1979 г.

24. Gonzenbach V. von. Die Cortaillod-kultur in der Schweiz // Monographien zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte der Schweiz. Bd. 7. Basel, 1949.

25. Vogt E. Das steinzeitliche Uferdorf Egolzwil. Kr. Luzern // Zeitschrift Schweizerischer Archäologie und Kunst-geschichte. 1951. № 12. S. 193 - 215; Wyss R. Dasjungstein-zeitliche Jäger-Bauerndorf von Egolzwil 5 im Wauwilermoos // Archaeologische Forschungen, Schwei-zerisches Landesmuseum. Zürich, 1976.

26. Seeberg, Burgäschisee-Süd / Hrsg. von H.-G.Bandi, H.Müller-Beck//Acta Bernensia 2. Bern: Stampfli und Cie, 1963-1969.

27. Статья Э.Фогта в сб.: Das Pfahlbauproblem / Hrsg. von W.U.Guyan. Basel: Birkhausen, 1955; Vogt E. Der Stand der neolithischen Forschung in der Schweiz// L'Europe à la fin de Tâge de la pierre / Sous la dir. de J.Böhm, S.J.DeLaet. Prague, 1961.

28. Boessneck J. Die Tierreste// Seeberg, Burgäschisee-Süd. T. 3. Bern, 1963.

29. Miiller-Beck H. Prehistoric Swiss Lake Dwellers // Scien­tific American. 1961. № 205/4. P. 138-147.

30. Miiller-Веск H. Jahrringchronologische Synchronisie-rungderjungsteinzeitlichen Siedlungen Thayngen-Weier und Burgäschisee-Süd und Süd-West // Germania. 1963. № 41/7.

31. Huber B. Seeberg, Burgäschisee-Süd. Dendrochrono-logie// Seeberg, Burgäschisee-Süd. T. 5. Bern, 1965; Ferguson C.W., Huber В., Suess H. Determination of the Age of Swiss Lake Dwellings as an Example of Dendrochronologi-cally-Caiibrated Radiocarbon Dating // Zeitschrift für Natur-forschung. 1966. №21/7. S. 1173-1177.

32. L'Helgouach J., Le Roux C.-T. Morphologie et chro­nologic des grandes architectures de l'Ouest de la France // Le Néolithique de la France. P. 181-191.

33. Giot P.-R., L'Helgouach J., Monnier J. Préhistoire de la Bretagne; Twohig E.S. The Megalithic Art of Western Europe. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981. P. 162; Burl A. Megalithic Brit­tany. London: Thames and Hudson, 1985.

34. Twohig E.S. The Megalithic Art of Western Europe. P. 178.

35. L'Helgouach J., Le Roux C.-T. Morphologie et chronolo-gie des grandes architectures de i'Ouest de la France. P. 190.

36. Le Roux C.-T Informations archéologiques//Gallia Préhistoire. 1981. № 24. P. 395-423: Idem. Le tumulus de Gavrinis, état des recherches // Bulletin de la Sociéte" Préhis-torique Franchise. 1983. № 80. P. 131.

37. Lecornec J. Le cairn de Petit-Mont à Arzon (Morbi-han) // Bulletin de la Société Préhistorique Franchise. 1983. №80. P. 131.

38. Thorn A., Thorn A.S. Megalithic Remains in Britain and Brittany. Oxford University Press, 1978.

39. Almagro M., Arribas A. El poblado у la necropolis mega-litica de Los Millares // Bibliotheca Praehistorica Espana. Vol. 3. Madrid, 1963; LetsnerG., LeisnerV. Die Megalithgraberder iberischen Halbinsel. Der Westen. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1956-1965.

40. Whittle A. Earlier Neolithic Enclosures in North-West Europe // Proceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1977. № 43. P. 329-348.

41. ApSimon A. An Early Neolithic House in Co. Ty­rone // Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. 1969. №99 (pt. 2). P. 165-168.

42. Ibid. P. 167.

43. PryorF. Excavation at Fengate, Peterborough, England. The First Report // Royal Ontario Museum Archaeology Mono­graph. 1974. \bl. 3; Houlder C.H. A Neolithic Settlement on Hazard Hill,Totnes// Proc. Devon Arch. Explor. Society. 1963. №21. P. 2-31.

44. O'Kelly M.J. Early Ireland. Cambridge University Press, 1989.

45. Caufield S. Neolithic Fields: The Irish Evi­
dence // Early Land Allotment in British Isles / Ed. by
H.C.Bowen, P.J.Fowler//BAR British Series. 1978. №48.
r 137-143.

46. Clarke D.V, Sharpies N. Settlement and Subsistence in the Third Millennium B.C. //The Prehistory of Orkney / Ed. by C.Renfrew. Edinburgh University Press, 1985. P. 54-82.

47. Ibid. P. 68.

48. Whittle A. Earlier Neolithic Enclosures in North-West Europe. P. 337, 339.

49. Ashbee P. The Ancient British Causewayed Enclosures. Norwich: Geo Abstracts Ltd., 1978. P. 71.

50. Hedges J.D., Buckley D.G. Excavations at a Neolithic Causewayed Enclosure, Orsett, Essex, 1975//Proceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1978. № 44. P. 219-308.

51. Drewett P. The excavation at a Neolithic causewayed enclosure on Offham Hill, East Sussex, 1976 // Proceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1977. № 43. P. 201-242.

52. Robertson-Mckay R. The Neolithic Causewayed Enclo­sures at Staines. Survey; Excavations 1961-1963//Proceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1987. № 53. P. 23-128.

53. Smith I.F. Windmill Hill and Its Implica­
tions// Palaeohistoria. 1966. № 12. P. 469-481; The Neoli­
thic // British Prehistory / Ed. by C.Renfrew. London: Duck­
worth, 1974. P. 100-136.

54. Drewett P. The excavation at a Neolithic causewayed enclosure on Offham Hill, East Sussex, 1976.

55. Thorn A., Thorn A.S. Megalithic Remains in Britain and Brittany.

56. Meaden G.T Circles in the Age of Stonehenge. Lon­don, 1991.

57. Sieveking G. de G. et al. The New Survey of Grimes Graves, Norfolk//Proceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1973. №39. P. 182-218.

58. The Neolithic. P. 100-136.

59. Cummins W.A. Stone Axes as a Guide to Neolithic Communications and Boundaries in England and Wales // Pro­ceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1980. № 46. P. 45-60.

60. Coles J.M., Hibbert F.A., Orme B.J. Prehistoric Roads and Tracks in Somerset. 3: The Sweet Track // Proceedings of Prehistoric Society. 1973. № 39. P. 256-298.

Приложение

61. Piggott S. Neolithic Cultures of the British Isles. Cam­bridge University Press, 1954; The Neolithic. P. 100-136.

62. Peacock D.P.S. Neolithic Pottery Production in Cornwall//Antiquity. 1969. №43/170. P. 145-149.

63. BrindleyA.L., LantingJ.N., MookW.G. Radiocarbon Dates from the Neolithic Burials at Ballintruer More, Co. Wick-low and Ardcrony, Co. Tipperary // Journal of Irish Archaeolo­gy. 1983. \bl. I. P. 19.

64. Clarke D.V. Rinyo and the Orcadian Neolithic // From the Stone Age to the Forty-Five/Ed. by A.O'Connor, D.V.Clarke. Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers Ltd., 1983. P. 45-56.

65. Valera R. de, O'Nuallain S. Survey of the Megalithic Tombs of Ireland. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1961 (vol. 1); 1964 (vol. 2); 1972 (vol. 3); 1982 (vol. 4).

66. Lynch A. Poulnabrone - A Stone in Time... // Archaeo­logy of Ireland. 1988. № 2/3. P. 105-107.

67. Eogan G. Knowth and the Passage-Tombs of Ireland. London: Thames and Hudson, 1986.

68.O'Kelly M.J. Newgrange: Archaeology, Art and Legend. London: Thames and Hudson, 1982.

69. Jones-Bley K. The Earliest Indo-European Burial Tra­dition in Neolithic Ireland: Ph.D. Dissertation. UCLA, 1989. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Microfilms Int., 1989.

70. Lynch F. Towards a Chronology of Megalithic Tombs in Wales//Welsh Antiquity / Ed. by G. С Boon, J.M.Lewis. Cardiff: National Museum of Wales, 1976. P. 63-80.

71. The Earthen Long Barrows of Britain. 2^nd ed. Norwich: Geo Books, 1984.

72. Atkinson R.J.C. Wayland's Smithy//Antiuuity. 1960. №34. P. 126-133.

73. Piggott S. The West Kennet Long Barrow Excavations 1955 - 1956. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1962.

74. Henshall A. Chambered Tombs of Scotland. Edinburgh University Press, 1963 (vol. 1); 1972 (vol. 2).

75. Idem. Scottish Chambered Tombs and Long
Mounds//Biitish Prehistory. P. 137-164.

76. Masters K.J. The Lochhill Long Cairn // Antiquity. 1973. №47. P. 96-100.

77. Excavations of the Dalladies Long Barrow, Fettercain, Kincardinshire// Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot. 1974. N° 104. P. 23-47.

78. BrewsterT.C.M. The Excavations of Whitegrounds Bar­row, Burythorpe. Wintringham: The Last Riding Archaeological Research Committee, 1984.

Глава VII

1. Присутствие литической скульптуры и символиче­ских отметок зафиксировано начиная с периодов ашель имустьер; см.: Müsch J.E. Animal Farm Paleolithic Sculp­tures from the Northwest European Plains: Доклад, представ­ленный на конгрессе «Мировая археология», Саутгемп-тон, 1986 г.; а также: Bilderbuch der Steinzeit //Archäologische Berichten. 1991. №20.

2. См. превосходный труд о верхнепалеолитических пещерах и святилищах и о связанном с ними искусстве: Leroi-Gourhan A. Treasures of Prehistoric Art. New York: Harry N.Abrams, 1967.

3. Delporte N. L'image de la femme dans Tart préhistorique. Paris: Picard, 1979.

4. Gimbutas M. The Language of the Goddess. Unearthing the Hidden Symbols of Western Civilization. San Francisco: Harperand Row, 1989.

5. Onians J. (with D.Collins). On the Origins of Art //Art History. Journal of the Association of Art Historians. 1978. № 1/1. P. 1-25.

6. Freeman L.G., Klein R.G., Echegaray J.G. AStone Age Sanctuary// Natural History. 1983. № 8. P. 47-52.

7. Clark J.G.D. Star Carr: A Case Study in Bioarchaeo-logy// McMaleb Module. 1974. № 10. P. 1-42.

8. Graziosi P. Nuove manifestazionid'arte mesoliticaeneo-litica nel riparo Gaban presso Trento // Rivistadi Scienze Pre-istoriche. 1973. № 30/1-2. P. 237-278.

9. Об этом упоминается в ст.: Успенский Б.А. Культ Николы на Руси//Труды по знаковым системам. 1978. № 10. С. 86-140.

10. Thomson G. The Arkoudiotissa// Kretika Chronika. 1962. № 15-16, pt. 3. P. 93-96.

11. Nilsson M.P. Griechische Feste von religiöser Bedeu-tung. Leipzig, 1906. P. 312.

12. Mannhardt W. Letto-preussische Götterlehre. Riga, 1936. P. 442-452.

13. Berger P. The Goddess Obscured. Transformation of the Grain Protectress from Goddess to Saint. Boston: Beacon Press, 1985. P. 49-70.

14. Дополнительный иллюстративный материал по ста­туэткам типа лепюг и виллендорф см. в книге: Leroi-Gourhan A. Treasures of Prehistoric Art. P. 44-45, а также таб­лицы.

15. Gimbutas M. Senosios Europosdeivés irdievai // Met-menys. 1984. №48. P. 28-57.

16. Greimas A.J. Apie dievus ir zmones. Chicago: A and M Publication, 1979. P. 317-319.

17.Carmichael. 1990 (репринт 1983).

18. Rüttner-Cova S. Frau Holle. DiegestürzteGöttin. Basel: Sphinx Verlag, 1986.

19. Shapiro M. Baba-Jaga: A Search for Mythopoetic Ori­gins and Affinities// International Journal of Slavic Linguis­tics and Poetics. 1983. №27.

20. DoanJ. Five BretonCantiquesfromPardons// Folklore.

1980. №91. P. 35.

21. Cassar-Pullicino J. Studies in Maltese Folklore. Malta University Publication, 1976. P. 238.

22. Gimbutas M., Winn S., Shimabuku D. Achilleion. A Neolithic Settlement in Thessaly, Northern Greece. 6400-5600 B.C. // Monumenta Archaeologica. UCLA, 1989. № 14.

23. Mellaart J. Çatal Hiiyiik: A Neolithic Town in Anatolia. Edinburgh University Press, 1967; Cameron D.O. Symbols of Birth and Death in the Neolithic Era. London: Kenyon Deane,

1981. P. 4-14; Mellaart J., Hirsch U.,BalpinarB.The Goddess
from Anatolia. Milan: Eskenâzi, 1989. \bl. 1 (стенопись); \bl.
2 (текст).

24. Gimbutas M. The Temples of Old Europe//Archaeo­logy. 1980. №33. P. 41-50.

25. Grbic M. et al. Porodin. Kasnoneolitsko naseljenaTumbi kod Bitolja. Bitola, 1960.

26. Радинградское святилище было раскопано в 1974 г. Т.Ивановым; отчет о раскопках пока не был опубликован.

27. Dumitrescu V. Cäscioarele//Archaellogy. 1965. № 18. P. 34; Idem. Edifice destiné au culte dans lacouche Boian-Spanfov de la station-tell de Cäscioarele // Dacia. 1970. № 15. P. 5-24.

28. Lazarovici G. Das neolithische Heiligtum von
ParÇa // Neolithic of Southeastern Europe and Its Near East­
ern Connections // Varia Archaeologica Hungarica. 1989. № 2.
p, 149-174.

Гимбутас M. Цивилизаця я Великой Богини

29. Kitanovski В., Simoska D., Jovanovié В. Kultno mesto па nalazistu Vrbjanska Cuka (s. Slavej) kod Prilepa // Vinca and Its World. Belgrade: Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Sym­posia, 1990. P. 107-111; SanevV.NeolitskosvetiHsteodtumba vo Macari, Skopsko // Macedoniae acta archaeologica. Prilep, 1988. P. 9.

30. Evans J.D. The Antiquities of the Maltese Islands: A Survey. London: The Athlone Press, 1971; Trump D.H. Skorba. Excavations carried out on behalf of the National Museum of Malta 1961 - 1963. The Society of Antiquaries (London) and the National Museum of Malta, 1966; Zammit T Neolithic Representations of the Human Form from the Islands of Malta and Gozo//The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Insti­tute of Great Britain and Ireland. 1924. № 54. P. 67-100.

31. Evans J.D. Malta. Ancient People and Places. London: Thames and Hudson, 1959. P. 148.

32. Words and Objects / Ed. by G.Steinsland. Oslo, 1986. P. 91-110.

33. Péquart S.-J., Péquart M., Boule M., Vallois H. Téviec: Station nécropole mésolithique du Morbihan//Archives de Hnstitut de paléontologie humaine. 1937. № 18; Péquart S.-J., Péquart M. Hoëdic. Deuxième station nécropole mésolithique du Morbihan. Anvers, 1954; Hibbs J. The Neolithic of Brittany and Normandy // Ancient France / Ed. by C.Scarre. Edinburgh University Press, 1983. P. 312-313.

34. Об этом свидетельствуют данные по ранненеоли-тической Македонии, культурам старчево и караново (Ан-за I в Македонии, Обре I в Боснии и Караново в Централь­ной Болгарии); ср.: Chapman J.С. Meaning and Illusion in the Study of Burial in Balkan Prehistory // Ancient Bulgaria / Ed. by A.C.Poulter. University of Nottingham, 1983. P. 1-42.

35. Jacobsen T.W., Cullen T. A Consideration of Mortuary Practices in Neolithic Greece: Burials from Franchthi Cave // Mortality and Immortality. The Anthropology and Ar­chaeology of Death / Ed. by S.C.Humphreys, H.King. Lon­don: Academic Press, 1981. P. 79-103.

36. Kenyon K. Digging Up Jericho. London: Benn, 1957.

37. Zagorskis F. Zvejnieku akmens laikmeta kapulauks. Riga: Zinatne, 1987.

38. Srejovic D. Lepenski Mr, Beograd: Srpskaknjizevnazadruga, 1969; Idem. Europe's First Monumental Sculpture: New Discover-iesat Lepenski Vir // New Aspects of Antiquity/ Ed. by M.Wheeler. London:Thamesand Hudson, 1972; Srejovic" D., Babovic L. Umet-nost Lepenskog Vira. Beograd: Narodni Muzej, 1983.

39. Bôkônyi S. Animal Remains from Lepenski Vir: The Ver­tebrate Fauna of This Early Center of Domestication Represent an Atypical Animal Husbandry // Science. 1970. № 167 (3926). P. 1702-1704.

40. Srejovié D., Letica Z. Vlasac: A Mesolithic Settlement in the Iron Gates. Belgrade: Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 1978 (на серб.-хорв. яз. с кр. сиНопсисом на англ. яз.).

41. Zammit Т. Neolithic Representations of the Human Form from the Islands of Malta and Gozo. P. 67-100 (рис.).

42. Раскопки были проведены совместно с Ш.Уинном и Д.Шимабуку. Исследование костяков было проведено будапештским специалистом Я.Немешкери; ксожалению, его болезнь и смерть в 1989 г. воспрепятствовали публика­ции результатов.

43. HedgesJ.W. Tomb ofthe Eagles. London: J.Murray, 1984.

44. Chesterman J.T. Investigations ofthe Human Bones from Quanterness // Renfrew С Investigations in Orkney. London: Thames and Hudson, 1979. P. 103.

45. Hedges J.W. Tomb ofthe Eagles. P. 135.

46. Ibid. P. 140.

47. Ibid. P. 155. 48.ClarkJ.G.D. StarCarr.

49. Gallus S. Die figuralverzierten Urnen vom Soproner Burgstall // Archaeologia Hungarica. 1934. № 3.

50. Renfrew С Approaches to Social Archaeology. Cam­bridge: Harvard University Press, 1984. P. 180.

51. Bloch M. Tombs and states // Mortality and Immortal­ity; Idem. Death, Women and Power // Death and Regenera­tion of Life / Ed. by M.Bloch, J.Parry. Cambridge University Press, 1982.

52. Douglas W.A. Death in Murelaga: Funerary Rituals in a Spanish Basque Village. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1969.

53. Danforth L. Judgement ofthe Bones // Science Digest. 1981. P. 92-96 (фотографии А.Циараса).

54. Ibid.

55. Gasparini E. Il matriarcato slavo. Antropología cultúrale dei protoslavi. Firenze: Sansoni, 1973. P. 597-630,

56. Twohig E.S. The Megalithic Art of Western Europe. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981.

57. Brennan M. The Stars and the Stones: Ancient Art and Astronomy in Ireland. London: Thames and Hudson, 1983.

58. O'Kelly M.J. Newgrange: Archaeology, Art, and Leg­end. London: Thames and Hudson, 1982 (рис. 45-47).

59. Eogan G. Knowth and the Passage-Tombs of Ireland. London: Thames and Hudson, 1986. P. 147 ff.

60. Le Roux С.-T. Gavrinis et les îles du Morbihan. Les mégalithes du golfe // Guides Archéologiques de la France. Rouen: Impr. Nationale, 1985. Дополнительный изобрази­тельный материал см.: Twohig E.S. The Megalithic Art of Western Europe. P. 172-175.

Глава VIII

1. Vlassa N. Chronology of the Neolithic in Transylvania in the Light ofthe Tartaria Settlements Stratigraphy// Dacia N.S. 1963. № 7. P. 485-494; Falkenstein A. Zu den Tontafeln aus Tartaria // Germania. 1965. № 43/2. S. 269-273; Milojcié V. Die Tontafeln von Tartaria (Siebenbürgen) und die absolute Chro­nologie des mitteleuropäischen Neolithikums // Germania. 1965. № 43/2. S. 261-268; Hood M.S.F The Tartaria tablets//Anti­quity. 1967. №41. Р. 99-113; Idem. The Tartaria tablets //Scientiiic American. 1968. May. P. 30-37; MakkayJ. The Late Neolithic Tordos Group Signs// Alba Regia (Annales Musei Stephani Regis). 1969. № 10. P. 9-49; Whipp D. The Tar­taria tablets // Aniiqutty. 1973. №47. P. 147-149.

2. Winn S.M.M. Pre-writing in Southeastern Europe: The Sign System ofthe Vinca Culture, ca. 4000 B.C. Calgary: West­ern Publishers, 1981.

3. Haarmann H. Writing from Old Europe//Journal of Indo-European Studies. 1990. № 17; см. также: Universal-geschichte der Schrift. Frankfurt - New York: Campus Verlag, 1990. P. 69-94.

Глава IX

1. Bachofen J.J. Versuch tiber die Gräbersymbolik der Al-ten. Basel, 1859 (репринтс предисловием К.Бернулли: Basel, 1925); Idem. Das Mutterrecht: Eine Untersuchung iiber die Gynaikokratie der alten Welt nach ihrer religiösen und rechtli-chen Natur. Stuttgart, 1861 (репринт: Basel, 1897); Idem. Die Sage von Tanaquil. Heidelberg, 1870; Idem. Myth, Religion,

Приложение

and Mother's Right. Selected Writing /Transl. by R.Manheim. Bollinger: Princeton University Press, 1973; Briffault R. The Mothers: A Study of the Origins of Sentiment and Institu­tions. Vols. 1 - 3. 1927 (первое изд.); Idem. The Mothers / Abridged, with an introduction by G.R.Taylor. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1959; New York: Atheneum, 1977.

2. Thomson G. The Prehistoric Aegean. Studies in Ancient Greek Society. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1949.

3. Fräser D. Land and Society in Neolithic Orkney // BAR British Series. 1983. № 117; Bintliff J. European Social Evolu­tion. Archaeological Perspectives. University of Bradford, 1984; Renfrew С Approaches to Social Archaeology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984.

4. Velde P. van de. The Social Anthropology... a Neolithic Cemetery in the Netherlands // Current Anthropology. 1979. № 5. P. 37-58; Skomal S. Wealth Distribution as a Measure of Prehistoric Change: Chalcolithic to Copper Age Cultures in Hungary. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International, 1983. См. также прим. 24, 31, 32, 34.

5. Bachofen J.J. Myth, Religion, and Mothers Right. P. 81.

6. Eisler R. Chalice and the Blade. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1987.

7. Theocharis D.R. Development and Diversification: The Middle Neolithic of Thessaly and the Southern Region // Neo­lithic Greece/ Ed. by S.A.Papadopoulos. Athens: National Bank of Greece, 1973. P. 65.

8. Ibid.

9. Rodden R.J. Recent Discoveries from Prehistoric
Macedonia // Balkan Studies. 1964. № 5. P. 109-124.

10. Шт. no: Tabaczyriski S. Neolit Srodkowo Europejski. Podstawy gospodarcze. Warszawa - Krakow - Wroclaw: Os-solineum, 1970. P. 242.

11. Bintliff J. European Social Evolution. P. 101.

12. Пассек Т.C. Периодизация трипольских поселе­ний//Материалы и исследования по археологии СССР. 1949. № 10. С. 149-150.

13. LiiningJ. Research into the Bandkeramik Settlement of the Aldenhovener Platte in Rhineland // Analecta Praehistori-caLeidensia. 1982. № 15. P. 19.

14. Ibid. P. 16-19.

15. Bintliff J. European Social Evolution. P. 86.

16. Milisauskas S. Olszanica, an early farming village in Poland//Archaeology. 1976. № 29. P. 30-41.

17. Velde P. van de. On Bandkeramik Social Structure: Analy-sis of Pot Decoration and Hut Distribution from the Central Eu­ropean Neolithic Communities of Elsloo and Hienheim//Analecta Praehistorica Leidensia. 1979. № 12 (пе­репечатано в изд.: Current Anthropology. 1979. № 20. R 37-58).

18. Phillips P. Attribute Analysis and Social Structure of Chassey-Cortaillod-Lagozza Populations//Man. 1971. №6. P. 341-352.

19. Benac A. Obre I //Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen des Bosnisch-Herzegowinischen Landesmuseums. 1973. Bd. ЗА. S. 347-359; Nemeskeri J. Outline on the Anthropological Finds of a Neolithic Site // Obre I and Obre II / Ed. by M.Gimbu-tas// Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen des Bosnisch-Herzego­winischen Landesmuseums. 1974. Bd. 6A. S. 37-46.

20. Chapman J.C. Meaning and Illusion in the Study of Burial // Ancient Bulgaria / Ed. by A.G.Poulter. University of Nottingham, 1983. P. 8.

21. Jacobsen T.W., Cullen T. A Consideration of Mortuary Practices in Neolithic Greece: Burials from Franchthi

Cave // Mortality and Immortaiity. The Anthropology and Ar­chaeology of Death / Ed. by S.C.Humphreys, H.King. Lon­don: Academic Press, 1981. P. 88.

22. Общее число могильниковVтыс. до н. э. приблизи­тельно равно 80. Самые крупные из них были раскопаны: это Черника в Бухаресте (362 захоронения культуры боян, см.: Cantacuzino G. The Prehistoric Necropolis of Cernica and Its Place in the Neolithic Culture of Romania and of Europe in the Light of Recent Discoveries // Dacia. 1969. № 13. P. 45-59); Чернаводэ в Констанце (могильник культуры хаманджия, ок. 600 захоронений: Berciu D., Morintz S. Santierul Arheo-logicCernavoda//MaterialesiCercetariArheologice. 1957.№ 3. P. 83-92; Berciu D. Cultura Hamangia. Bucuresti, 1966); мо-гильникЗенгё'варконь кутъттоы лендель 368 захоронений: Dombay J Die Siedlung und das Gräberfel,d in Zen&ovarköny Budapest I960; могильник Тисапольгар-Башатанья в Севе-ро-Восточнои Венгрии с 200 захогюнениями: Воипаг-Kutzianl Tiszapokar-Basatanva Budapest 1963" Асол с 220 захооонениямиклшьтурыленлеть: KaliczN Kökiirifalu Aszö-

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