Какие другие факты, кроме приведенных, вы знаете об изобретателе

телефона?

3. Что нового вы узнали из текста? Соотнесите факты, относящиеся к

истории развития телефонной связи, со следующими датами: 1877 г. и 1915 г.

Telephone

Alexander Graham Bell never planned to be an inventor, he

wanted to be a musician or a teacher of deaf people (глухих). The

subjects that he studied at school included music, art, literature,

Latin and Greek. They did not include German which all scientists

used in their books. Alexander's mother was a painter and a musician.

His father was a well-known teacher of deaf people.

When Alexander was only sixteen, he became a teacher in boy's

school in Scotland. He liked teaching there, but he still wanted to

become a teacher of deaf people as his father.

Не read all the books about sound that he could find and started

to work on some of his own experiments.

At twenty five Alexander became interested in finding a way to

send human voice through an electric wire. The parents of his pupils

contributed money for the equipment. He found an assistant,

Tom Watson, who worked in an electrical shop. For two years Tom

and Alexander were working together to build a machine that people

could use to talk to one another over long distances. After two

years, the two young men were becoming discouraged (опустились

руки). Then, one day, when they were working on a new transmitter

Alexander spilled some acid (пролить кислоту) on himself.

Tom Watson, who was alone in another room, heard a voice. The

voice was coming through a wire to a receiver on the table! The

voice was Alexander Bell's! It was saying: «Come here, Mr. Watson.

I need you!»

The first telephone line was built in Germany in 1877. By 1915

a telephone line was opened in the United States — 5,440 kilometers

from New York to San Francisco.

Now design bureaus all over the world are conducting experiments

to develop video-phone or picture phone. A young man in

Moscow wants to speak to his friend in Vladivostok. He lifts his

telephone receiver, dials a number. After a very short time his

friend answers. As he picks up his receiver, his picture appears on

the screen. They can speak to each other face to face because they

are using a new kind of telephone which may be called «a

video-phone». In addition to the usual telephone, the equipment

includes a small television screen (14 cm by 13 cm) and, combined

with the screen, a television camera. The camera tube will allow the

user to switch from a wide view of the room to the face of the person

speaking. The focus can be changed to give clear pictures of

objects 0.3,0.9 and 6.0 meters away from the camera. There is also

a mirror attachment, which allows the camera to scan documents

which may be lying on the table. The camera adjusts itself automatically

to different lighting conditions.

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