Natural resources

Problem of minimization of consumption of energy and natural resources.

Electromagnetic influences.

Noise, as pollution.

Radio-activity.

Circulation of carbon.

Circulation of nitrogen.

The greatest part of nitrogen is concentrated in an atmosphere which great bulk is made with free nitrogen. However free nitrogen in an atmosphere the few, for example, can use bacteria and blue-green seaweed. Nitrogen transforms also into nitrates and nitrites lightning discharges. Nitrates and nitrites circulate in biosphere.

The source of carbon is used автотрофными by plants.

Natural resources

3. Processed production	Losses	Lost at transportations
Products		Kept due to perfection of transportations
The products which have left using		Waste from processing
		Deterioration, corrosion
Breakage, breakage		Completely used

Returning in a cycle by regeneration, рекуперации, recyclings and perfection рекуперации

Half-life period. Natural sources of radioactive pollution. There are no ways of biological destruction or other mechanism, allowing to deduce a radio-activity from the environment. The basic danger - substances with a greater half-life period, they collect in food circuits.-, - and - radiation. On ton of nuclear fuel of 400 litres of waste.

Reduction:

1) Reduction of a level of sound capacity

2) Correct orientation of noise

3) Sound insulation

4) Means vibration and isolation

5) Mufflers

6) Preventive maintenance

Normalization of the characteristic - a level of sound pressure (decibel). The person perceives noise at a level of sound pressure up to 100 дб. At 100-120 дб and frequency of 2-5 Hz - the complicated swallowing. 125-137 дб - летаргический a dream. 140 дб - eardrums burst.

Sources of electromagnetic fields - radio engineering objects. Accumulation of electric charges.

Boundary and inexhaustible. On character of use of resources: industrial, public health, aesthetic, scientific. On an accessory to components of the nature: ground, water, mineral, power.

Development of manufacture is based on mineral resources and use of mineral raw material. Mineral resources include: fuel and energy, ore, mountain-chemical сырьё, natural-building materials and nonmetallic minerals. Underground, fresh, mineral waters.

On economic value are most significant fuel and energy. Mineral resources of 70 % of all used resources; minerals give 95 % of energy. 75 % of cost of extraction of mountain metallurgy come on power resources; 20 % - ore, 5 % - nonmetallic minerals.

The degree of availability of natural resources influences a labour productivity level.

Acceleration of rates of economic development is reached by three ways:

1) Escalating of weight of resources without increase of efficiency

2) Escalating of weight and increase of use

3) Increase of efficiency without escalating weight (intensive growth)

Reduction of use of resources occurs for the following reasons:

1) Growth of production wastes and their dump on Wednesday leads to deterioration of a condition of natural objects as sources of resources

2) Irrational wildlife management leads to increase in use of all kinds of resources that conducts to their exhaustion and curtailment of production

3) Reduction of a stream of natural resources and deterioration of their quality influences a condition of a manpower and decrease in output

4) Restriction of output leads to an exhaustion of resources.

Resources

Manufacture

Production

Material

Ecology

Natural

Labour

Economic, political, social factors, technologies and a level of knowledge form needs for manufacture, streams of resources and volume of production. Ecological factors in a circuit of management are characterized by a feedback Ignorance of economic laws leads to a negative feedback and reduction of volume of production by unit of resources. Observance of ecological principles of use of resources forms return positive communication. Increases volume of production in relation to used resources due to introduction without waste and малоотходных technologies, reduction of need for resources. Social and high technologies.

Дата добавления: 2014-01-11