Translate the sentences in Russian. Pay special attention to the Active and Passive Infinitives

Compare and analyze the Active and Passive Infinitives. Study and remember the following chart.

Translate and memorize the following words.

UNIT V MAN-MADE ELEMENTS

Lead

Read about ordinary water and transform the word given in bold at the end of each line into a suitable form that fits the space in the same line.

Lead is _1_ present in small amounts in soil, rocks, surface waters and the atmosphere. It is _2_ that atmospheric lead _3_ are widely distributed over all parts of the earth. Due to its unique properties it has been _4_ used by human. This utility has _5_ in greatly elevated lead concentrations in certain ecosystems. In the areas where lead is _6_ mined, smelted and refined the environmental lead level is _7_ elevated. Those territories where industries and urban-suburban complexes are _8_ lead are also negatively _9_. It is widely agreed that a primary source of lead _10_ is the combustion of gasoline containing lead additives. The input of lead, its _11_ within forest ecosystems, its transfer in food chains, its residence in soil recquire _12_ research attention.

nature find part wide result be great consume affect pollute cycle consider

Grammar: The Active Infinitive and the Passive Infinitive

Review of the Adverbs.

Text: Man-Made Elements

subtract	half-life	artificial
isolate	cause	substantial
accelerate	isotope	completely
attack	trace	particular
carry on	cyclotron	particle

2. Make sure whether you read these words correctly:

alkali, alpha, technetium, francium, neptunium, lawrencium, nucleus, neutron.

3. Read and translate correctly:

first of all; by bombarding; alpha particles; man-made isotope; highly radioactive substance; alkali-metal family; earth-alkali metal; neutron-bombarded uranium; in honour of; in the field of nuclear physics, completely new isotope.

4. Form the adverbs from the following adjectives and translate them into Russian:

Model: complete -complete ly

practical, high, according, hard, near, simple, particular, ready, partial, considerable.

Active Infinitive	Passive Infinitive
She doesn’t want to ask you.	She doesn’t want to be asked.
My friend was glad to have given you this book.	My friend was glad to have been given this book.
He had to translate this article without a dictionary.	The article had to be translatedwithout a dictionary.

5. Give the passive form of the following Infinitives:

to accelerate, to have made, to attack, to use, to have determined, to take, to suppose.

1. Rutherford was the first to change nitrogen to oxygen by bombarding nitrogen atoms with alpha particles. 2. The substance to be extracted should be more soluble in the extracting solvent than in the initial solution. 3. To establish the molecular weight of oxygen means to find the number of atoms in the oxygen molecule. 4. The apparatus to be used in our work was improved in our lab. 5. In a number of instances ions are hydrolyzed to give acidic solutions. 6. Aluminium is the most abundant of the metals to be found in the earth’s crust. 7. Where is the mixture to be heated? 8. In order to liquefy a gas at a temperature below its critical temperature it is practically necessary only this gas to be compressed.

7. Don’t confuse these words with each other. Memorize the following words, translate the sentences:

practically – практически

particularly – особенно

partially – частично

1. Artificial graphite surpasses practically natural graph­ite in purity and particularly in homogeneity. 2. Acetylene is a very important starting material particularly for preparation of a number of synthetic products. 3. Observations were made partially in order to determine if there was any relation between these two elements. 4. Polystyrene is a thermoplastic which can be used in laboratories particularly for windows. 5. Practically there is no great difference between these two substances, the former one being more soluble in water. 6. I know him to be particularly interested in this problem. 7. No phase separation was shown practically on cooling crucible just below the temperature of the liquid. 8. It is very difficult to define the shape of these glasses particularly since it appears impossible to quench these glasses to homogeneous materials.

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