Modal Verbs and their Equivalents

Grammar

Active Vocabulary

Illustrative Examples

Key Examples

Sentence Patterns

Чтение двусложных глаголов с ударением на втором слоге

Phonetical and Orthoepical Material

Information for Study

Lesson Thirteen (13)

Прослушайте и повторите за диктором английские слова в таблице 14.

Запомните таблицу.

Выполните упражнения 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 раздела А.

Таблица 14.

		ударный слог
	безударный слог

Глаголы (с изменяемыми приставками)	sup¢pose
	col¢lect
	dis¢cuss

Изменяемые приставки1: con-, in-(en-), sub-, ob-, dis-, ex-, ad-.

Прослушайте и повторите за диктором каждое предложение.

Запомните их.

He can ¢speak English. ¢Can he ¢speak English? He ¢can't ¢speak English. He could ¢speak English. You ¢must ¢speak ¢English in class. You ¢had to ¢speak ¢English in class. She may go. She might go.

¢Can he ¢speak English?

Yes, he can. No, he can't.

¢Could he ¢speak English?

Yes, he could. No, he couldn't.

¢Will he be ¢able to ¢speak English?

Yes, he will. No, he won't.

¢Must he ¢translate this text?

Yes, he must. No, he mustn't (needn't).

¢Does he ¢have to ¢translate this text?

Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.

¢Did he ¢have to ¢translate this text?

Yes, he did. No, he didn't.

¢Will he ¢have to ¢translate this text?

Yes, he will. No, he won't.

¢May I ¢come into the room?

Do, please. No, you mustn't.

¢Might you ¢leave ¢Moscow for ¢St.-Petersburg in ¢two ¢days?

I think, I might. No, I might not.

¢Who can skate? I can.

¢What must you do?

¢When must we ¢leave the hotel?

¢Where should we stay?

¢Why ¢can't you ¢show me this letter?

Nouns	Verbs	Adjectives	Adverbs	Word Combinations
animal cattle East horse hotel lane North phone (telephone) road sign West	allow can (could) drive may (might) must ought oblige should sing smell stay taste	able careful wild	quite	You are welcome. It's a pity.

Прочтите и запомните материал раздела 1.4.

Table 30.

(Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты)

Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты	Значение	Present	Past	Future
Can	возможность,	can	could	-
to be able (to)	способность совершения действия	am, is, are able (to)	was, were able (to)	shall, will be able (to)
May	возможность совер-	may	might	-
to be allowed (to)	шения действия в зависимости от разрешения или вероятности	am, is, are allowed (to)	was, were allowed (to)	shall, will be allowed (to)
must	необходимость совершения действия,	must	-	-
to have (to)	необходимость совершения действия в зависимости от обстоятельства,	have (to) has (to)	had (to)	shall, will have (to)
to be (to)	необходимость совершения действия, заранее запланированного, по договоренности	am (to) is (to) are (to)	was (to) were (to)	-
should	необходимость совершения действия	should	-	-
ought (to)	моральная необходимость совершения действия	ought (to)	-	-
to be obliged (to)	быть вынужденным что либо сделать	am, is, are obliged (to)	was, were obliged (to)	shall, will be obliged (to)

Table 31.

Affirmative	Interrogative	Negative
The Present Indefinite Tense
I can swim. He must go there. You may smoke here.   I have to do.	Can you swim? Must he go there? May I smoke here?   Do I have to do?	I cannot (can't) swim. He must not (mustn't) go there. He needn't go there.   I don’t have to do.
The Past Indefinite Tense
I could swim. I had to go there.   You might leave on Sunday.   I had to do.	Could you swim. Did he have to go there? Might you leave on Sunday?   Did I have to do?	I could not (couldn't) swim. He didn't have to go there.   I might not leave on Sunday.   I didn’t have to do.
The Future Indefinite Tense
I shall be able to swim. He will have to go there.	Will you be able to swim? Will he have to go there?	I shall not be able to swim. He will not have to go there.

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