ABS plastics

Read the text and translate it using a dictionary.

Develop, development; 2) compose, composition; 3) mono-mer, monomeric; 4) adopt, adoptation; 5) polymer, copolymer, polymerization, polymerize; 6) nature, natural; 7) improve, improvement; 8) tough, toughness; 9) introduce, introduction; 10) rigid, rigidity; 11) resist, resistant, resistance; 12) apply, application; 13) viscous, viscosity; 14) use, useful, useless; 15) process, processing.

Unit 8

GRAMMAR: Modal Verbs

1. a) Translate the following words, word combinations andchemical terms into Russian:

butadiene, dimensional, flexural, opaque, polystyrene, rigidity, subsequent, toughness, unique, versatile, based on the first letters, with essentially no loss, sediment, substitute, residue

b) Translate the following derivatives into Russian:

c) Translate into Russian paying attention to the Modal Verbs:

1. Plastics can do a better job, often at lower cost.

2. The development of lamination has shown how modern plastics may be used for many engineering and structural applications.

3. We are able to build car bodies and the hulls of the boats from plastics.

4. We shall have to seek new sources of organic chemical materials.

5. The present century is the time when one has to understand how to make all the new synthetic materials from simple chemicals.

6. We can make alcohol by fermentation of the sugars produced by fast-growing plants.

7. One has to keep in mind that the most striking property of the white phosphorus is its activity with oxygen.

8. They have to determine this substance.

9. Adhesion should not be confused with friction.

10. Coal and petroleum are capital assets; the world has a limited supply, and we cannot replace the material we use.

2. Put the words in the correct order to form sentences.

1) can be, remelted, and, with, essentially, no, in, properties, ABS plastics, various, loss, reformed, into, shapes;

2) have ousted, plastics, they, do, job, often, at lower cost, materials, can, a better, older, because;

3) plastics, may, be, for, many, and, structural, modern, used, engineering, applications;

4) we, make, by, the, sugars, produced by, fast-growing, plants, can, alcohol, of, fermentation;

5) are, build, car, and, the hulls, the, boats, of, plastics, able to, bodies, from, we.

Text A

A unique family of plastics has evolved and developed during the last twenty years. These plastics are composed of three monomeric chemicals – acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. The name ABS, based on the first letters of each of the monomeric components has been adopted for this family. ABS plastics are composed of styrene acrylonitrile copolymer as the continuous phase and a dispersed phase of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber or a butadiene containing rubber onto which styrene-acrylonitrile monomers are grafted.

Various combinations of properties are possible, thus making these polymers most attractive for a larger number of current and newly developed applications.

ABS polymers are true thermoplastics similar to polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, nylon, etc. On application of heat they are softened, and when pressure is applied they attain viscous flow.

Upon cooling they harden and on reheating are resoftened. Thus they can be remelted and reformed into various shapes with essentially no loss in properties. As a result, ABS plastics are extremely useful and versatile, since ease of processing and forming allows them to be used for a great number of applications. In their natural form ABS plastics are opaque, similar in this respect to the impact polystyrenes.

Дата добавления: 2014-10-17