A) Вставьте глаголы в нужной форме

We have done this experiment before. The results are rather ______.

You have to be very ____ in this job, because a small mistake can make a big difference.

Precise imprecise

Predictable unpredictable

Exact inexact

Certain uncertain

Adam Smith and His Invisible Hand of Capitalism

Adam Smith, a Scot and a philosopher who lived from 1723 to 1790, is considered the founder of modern economics. In Smith's time, philosophy was an all-encompassing study of human society in addition to an inquiry into the nature and meaning of existence. Deep examination of the world of business affairs led Smith to the conclusion that collectively the individuals in society, each acting in his or her own self-interest, manage to produce and purchase the goods and services that they as a society require. He called the mechanism by which this self-regulation occurs “the invisible hand,” in his groundbreaking book, The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776.

While Smith couldn't prove the existence of this “hand” (it was, after all, invisible) he presented many examples of its working in society. Essentially, the butcher, the baker, and the candlestick maker individually go about their business. Each produces the amount of meat, bread, and candlesticks he judges to be correct. Each buys the amount of meat, bread, and candlesticks that his household needs. And all of this happens without their consulting one another or without all the king's men telling them how much to produce. In other words, it's the free market economy in action.

In making this discovery, Smith founded what is known as classical economics. The key doctrine of classical economics is that a laissez-faire attitude by government toward the marketplace will allow the “invisible hand” to guide everyone in their economic activities, create the greatest good for the greatest number of people, and generate economic growth. Smith also delved into the dynamics of the labor market, wealth accumulation, and productivity growth. His work gave generations of economists plenty to think about and expand upon.

1. Who is Adam Smith?

2. What conclusion made Smith after deep examination of the society?

3. What is “the invisible hand” according to Adam Smith?

4. How does “the invisible hand” work in the society?

5. What is a key doctrine of the classical economics?

Задание 5. Вставьте по смыслу предложенные слова и переведите предложения письменно.

2. Are you ____ that you’ll get there in time?

4. Our train leaves at 10 o’clock ______.

– GRAMMAR

Задание6. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. We have... large... family. 2. My granny often tells us... long... interesting.. stories. 3. My... father is... engineer. He works at... factory.... factory is large. 4. My... mother is... doctor. She works at... large... hospital. She is at... work now. 5. My... aunt is... teacher. She works at... school.... school is good. My... aunt is not at... school now. She is at... home. She is drinking... tea and eating... jam.... jam is sweet. I am at... home, too. I am drinking... tea and eating... sandwich.... sandwich is tasty. 6. My sister is at... school. She is... pupil. 7. My cousin has... big... black... cat. My cousin's... cat has two... kittens.... milk, too. cat likes... milk.... kittens like.

Задание 7. Вставьте some, any, no, every или их производные.

1. Can I have... milk? - - Yes, you can have.... 2. Will you have... tea? 3. Give me... books, please. I have... to read at home. 4. Put... sugar in her tea: she does not like sweet tea. 5. Is... the matter with you? Has... offended you? I see by your face that... has happened. 6. We did not see... in the hall. 7.... was present at the lesson yesterday. 8. He is busy. He has... time to go to the cinema with us. 9. Do you need... books to prepare for your report? 10. Have you... questions? Ask me... you like, I shall try to answer... question. 11.... liked that play: it was very dull. 12. If... is ready, we shall begin our experiment.

Задание 8. Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.

1. This is a star. 2. This is a boy. 3. This is a baby. 4. That is a plate. 5. That is a flower, j 6. That is a bookshelf. 7. Is this a sofa? 8. Is this a bookcase? 9. Is this a man? 10. Is that a ball? 11. Is that a train? 12. Is that a plane? 13. Is the window open? 14. Is the door closed? 15. Is the boy near the window? 16. That is not a king, 17. That is not a queen. 18. That is not a bus. 19. This isn't a mountain. 20. That isn't a goose. 21. This isn't a mouse. 22. It is a sheep. 23. It is a cigarette. 24. It is a cat. 25. It is not a girl. 26. It isn't a bag. 27. It isn't a tree. 28. It is not a bad egg. 29. It is a good egg. 30. Is that a flower?

& READING

Задание 6. Прочтите текст и переведите письменно выделенный отрывок.

Who is Today’s Accountant?

Certified Public Accountants have passed a rigorous exam and continue to update their knowledge every year. CPAs also subscribe to a high code of conduct that includes honesty, integrity, and independence.

Today’s CPA is known as a strategic business advisor, technology guru, personal financial consultant, tax and estate planner, and fraud examiner. CPAs are found in a variety of roles working for a variety of organizations.

CPAs perform a variety of functions. Examples are:

Assurance Services. Information is all around us, but can it be trusted? If a business gives its financial statements to a bank, the bank probably requires that the information be audited. CPAs perform audits that are independent examinations. If a purchaser wants to buy something from a web site, the web site needs to be secure and reliable. CPAs test web sites so that users can trust the information provided.

Financial Planning. How do you plan to have enough money to retire comfortably? How can you make the wisest use of your money through investments? What should a business do as it grows and expands? CPAs can answer questions on planning for the future.

Technology. CPAs work with technology in doing their jobs but also in helping clients and employers use technology better. They may oversee software applications, system design, or web site development.

Tax. CPAs do tax work for individuals as well as businesses. They understand the laws and requirements. They use computers to input information and to process it in the form of tax returns, but they also know how to help individuals and businesses plan for the future. Should a small business incorporate for tax benefits? CPAs are involved in compliance, advice, and planning.

Consulting. Because CPAs have a wide knowledge of various types of businesses, they are in demand as advisors. How does an organization improve its operations? How can a business grow and expand? How should two companies structure a merger? CPAs answer these questions and more.

Задание 7. Подберите определения к словам левой колонки, запишите.

1. framework 2. oddity 3. to employ 4. to adhere to 5. to accommodate 6. restatement 7. foregoing 8. guidelines 9. environment 10. convention

a) something said or written again in order to make it clear b) to consider and include smth when you are deciding what to do c) official instructions or advice about how to do smth d) a system of rules, laws, agreements etc that establish the way smth operates in business, politics, or society e) someone or something that seems strange or unusual f) to obey a rule, law, agreement etc g) the conditions and influences in which people carry on a particular activity h) a way of behaving that is generally accepted as being normal and right i) to use smth for a particular purpose j) something that has just been mentioned

Задание 8. Найдите синонимы и запишите их парами.

1. integrity 2. merger 3. rigorous 4. estate 5. to update 6. to incorporate 7. fraud 8. conduct 9. to expand 10. purchaser

a) deceit b) behaviour c) to enlarge d) integration e) customer f) severe g) property h) frankness i) to make smth more modern j) to unite

Задание 9. Поставьте нужные слова из левой колонки задания 7 в пробелы и переведите предложения.

1. In any profession there is a code of _____.

2. Before entering the Academy you are to pass _____ examinations.

3. A ____ could be profitable for both companies.

4. We shall try to _____ all our efforts to save the firm from bankruptcy.

5. The user interface needs to be ____.

6. Our trade with China is steadily _____

7. His _____ was valued at $150,000.

8. He had the ____ to admit his guilt.

9. An experienced accountant can expose a ____.

10. ____ trust advertisements too much nowadays.

Задание 10.

Дата добавления: 2014-10-15