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Дайте русским словосочетаниям английские эквиваленты.

1. (Самым важным качеством) of concrete is its property to be formed into large and strong monolithic units.

2. Concrete is made by mixing cement, sand, gravel, and water (в нужных количествах).

3. The characteristics of concrete depend on (от качества используемых материалов).

4. (Бетон применялся египтянами, римлянами) in the construction of aqueducts and bridges.

5. (Так как цемент не был известен в то время) concrete was made of clay and later of gypsum and lime.

7. Прочитайте и переведите без словаря следующий текст:

significant – значительный

comparatively – сравнительно

recently – недавно

owing to – благодаря

in respect to – что касается

One of the most significant facts about both industry and building has been research on synthetics and plastics. Plastics have appeared comparatively recently but, owing to their valuable and diverse properties, have found a wide application in many industrial fields (machine- building, aviation, textile industry, etc.).

In respect to physical and mechanical properties at a normal temperature of 20°C all plastics are divided into rigid, semi-rigid, soft and plastic. In respect to the number of constituents plastics may be classified as simple and complex.

Plastics consisting of one polymer are referred to as simple. Thus organic glass (plexiglass) consists of one synthetic resin. But in the building field we usually deal with complex plastics, e.g. plastics consisting of a polymer and other components.

8. Подберите английские эквиваленты к следующим русским словосочетаниям:

1. успешно используются		1. reinforced concrete elements
2. свойства материалов		2. fine aggregate
3. в зависимости от применения		3. properties of the materials
4. широкое применение		4. high rate of strength
5. строительный материал		5. depending on application
6. железобетонные элементы		6. are utilized
7. мелкий заполнитель		7. wide application
8. раствор		8. mortar
9. высокая прочность		9. building material
10. прочность на сжатие		10. compressive strength

1. Why is concrete the most important building material?
2. What are the main components used for making concrete?
3. What new classes of cement are there?
4. What are the oldest building materials?
5. What are their properties?
6. What are the “cellular” concretes?
7. What do you study at the University?+

ECONOMY – MY FIELD OF STUDY

1. Отчитайте следующие слова и словосочетания, выучите их наизусть:

a) to allocate	['xlqkeIt]	распределять, ассигновать
to buy	[bQI]	покупать
to comprise	[kqm'prQIz]	включать в себя, состоять из..
to choose	['Cu:z]	выбирать
to deal (with)	['dJl]	иметь дело (с)
to decide (on, about)	[dIsQId]	решать (что-либо)
to defend	[dI'fqnd]	защищать
to distinguish	[dIs'tIngwIS]	различать, характеризовать
to export	[Iks'pLt]	экспортировать
to forecast	['fO:kRst]	прогнозировать, предсказывать, отличать
to import	[Im'pLt]	импортировать
to pay	[peI]	платить
to play a part	['pleI q'pRt]	играть роль
to predict	[prI'dIkt]	предсказывать
to produce	[prq'djHs]	производить, выпускать
to provide	[prq'vaId]	обеспечивать, снабжать
to satisfy	['sxtIsfaI]	удовлетворять
to serve	['sq:v]	служить, обслуживать
to shape	[SeIp]	формировать
b) authorities	[L'TOrItIz]	власть, - и
government	['gAvnment]	правительство
administration of justices	[qdmInIs'treIS(q)n qf'GAstIsIz]	юридические (судебные органы)
firefighting services	['faIq'faItIN 'sq:vIsIz]	служба (противопожарная)
national defence	['nxSnql dI'fqns]	государственная безопасность
business environment	['bIznqs In'vaIrqnment]	деловая среда
customs duties	['kAstqmz 'dju:tIz]	таможенная пошлина
congestion	[kqn'GesC(q)n]	перегруженность
economists	[I'kOnqmists]	экономисты
labour economist	['leIbq "I'kOnqmist]	экономист по труду
energy economist	['enqGI "I'kOnqmist]	экономист в области энергетики
international economist	[Intq'nxSnql "I'kOnqmist]	экономист международник
monetary economist	['mAnItqrI "I'kOnqmist]	финансовый экономист
matter (s)	['mxtq(z)]	вопрос(ы)
monetary	['mAnitqrI 'flOuz]	денежные потоки
social security benefits	['souS(q)l sik'juqrItI 'benefits]	социальное обеспечение
c) in this connection	[In 'DIs kq'nekS(q)n]	в этой связи
as well as	[xz'welqz]	также
as viewed by	["xz'vju:Id baI]	с точки зрения
of great significance	[qv'greIt sIg'nIfIkqns]	большого значения

My field of study is economics. It comprises millions of people and thousands of firms as well as the government and local authorities. They all make decisions about prices and wages, what to buy, sell, produce, export, import and many other matters. All these organizations and the decisions they take play a prominent part in shaping the business environment not only in the country, over the globe but in any place one lives in. The complete economy involves many millions of economic aspects. The economists deal with forecasting future economic trends, economic information, monetary flows, employment, tax and social security benefits, investments, savings and customs duty.

The segment of economic life in which they are interested distinguishes the economists. There are labour economists, energy economists, monetary economists, and international economists. They have to decide the problems of the labour market as viewed by firms, workers, and society as a whole. The specialists also deal with city problems: land use, transport, congestion, housing, etc.

The economy is surely to be complicated and difficult to predict and to control, but it is of great significance. And my aim is to become a good qualified specialist able to solve a certain range of problems associated both with our proper life and global economic environment.

Дата добавления: 2014-11-25