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Read and learn the following words




METALS AS ENGINEERING MATERIALS

LESSON 5

Текст С

Текст В

Текст А

Read additional texts about metals and retell them in Russian.

Write down and translate several word phrases from Text D.

Write down the sentences with ing-forms from Text D. Analyze what part of speech it is and translate the sentences.

Write down all new words and phrases in your notebooks. Learn these words and phrases for the next lesson.

Independent tasks

8. Find in Text D a sentence with «in order to», translate it.

 

Diodorus (Диодор) tells us of iron-making in Roman times. He says there was on a certain island (остров) an ore that contained iron. This ore was melted in batches (шихта) to make metal. The workers first cut up a great mass of the ore. Then they put it into the furnace. When the heat had melted it they broke up what was left into blocks (слитки). Then they sold these blocks to the merchants (торговец) who traveled from village to village. And the merchants sold the ore again to blacksmiths (кузнец). The blacksmiths made it into all sorts of figures, birds, beasts (зверь) and, also, into tools (инструмент).

 

Tin is used to make on alloy called bronze. Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin. The discovery (открытие) of Bronze was a very important event in history and the whole period was called the Вrоnze Age. Copper and tin are soft metals, and sо could not be widely used in pure state. But an alloy of copper and tin is a hard metal. Bronze consists of one part tin and nine parts copper. Bronze replaced (заменять) copper so quickly, that we do not speak of a copper age at all, as we do of the ages of Stone, Bronze and Iron tools.

 

Aristotle (Аристотель) called mercury «liquid silver». Though (хотя) mercury had been known all through ancient history, no one in fact knew what it really was until the days of alchemists of Middle Ages. It was one of these alchemists – Albert le Grand (french) – who discovered pure, free mercury. In the Middle Age people thought there was something magic about mercury, so they were a little afraid of it. It is not difficult to see why they were afraid of it. Mercury is a curious (необычный) metal, almost like a thing alive. Its common name is quicksilver. We use mercury today in medicine, mirrors, colours, thermometers.

 

 

engineering – техника; технический, конструкционный

engineering metal – конструкционный металл

engineering construction – техническая конструкция (сооружение)

engineering material – конструкционный материал

construction – конструкция, сооружение; строительство

wood – дерево

wooden – деревянный

that is why – вот почему

at all – совсем, полностью

part – часть, деталь, изделие

metal part – металлическая деталь

machine part – деталь машины

to desire – желать

desirable – желательный

to work – обрабатывать

working – обработка

to shape – придавать форму, обрабатывать

shape – форма, конфигурация.

 




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