Supplement V

Supplement IV.

Letter of Application Plan (Cover Letter - AE)

When you find a company you’d like to get a position at, it’s often necessary that you should write a letter of application. Just as your CV, the letter of application must be well-written and provide all the important information about you. You should convince your future employer that you will fit the position you are after. Your letter should:

1. clearly show that you wish to apply and how you learned about this job

2. explain why you are interested in this job

3. indicate your skills and experience which will help you in your future job

4. show that you are willing to attend an interview

Employer’s address     Dear Mr./Mrs.		Your address   Date
Follow the plan to write about yourself.     Yours sincerely, ____________(signature) Full Name

Exercise I. Read the Note on Studies of Written English in your textbook. Pay attention to the types of paragraphs. Read the examples given below. Find the examples of your own in other sources. (Unit 1)

1) description

It was on account of the scar that I first noticed him, for it ran, broad and red, in a great crescent from his temple to his chin. It must have been due to a formidable wound and I wondered whether this had been caused by a sabre or by a fragment of shell. It was unexpected on that round, fat, and good humoured face. He had small and undistinguished

features, and his expression was artless. His face went oddly with his corpulent body. He was a powerful man of more than common height. I never saw him in anything but a very shabby grey suit, a khaki shirt, and a battered sombrero. He was far from clean.

From “The Man with the Scar” by W. Somerset Maugham

2) telling a story

In 1928, when I was nine, I belonged, with maximum esprit de corps,* to an organization known as the Comanche Club. Every schoolday afternoon at three o’clock, twenty-five of us Comanches were picked up by our Chief outside the boys’ exit of P.S. 165 on 109th Street near Amsterdam Avenue. We then pushed and punched our way into the Chief’s reconverted commercial bus, and he drove us (according to his financial arrangement with our parents) over to Central Park. The rest of the afternoon, weather permitting, we played football or soccer or baseball, depending (very loosely) on the season. Rainy afternoons, the Chief invariably took us either to the Museum of Natural History or to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

* esprit de corps (French) – корпоративный дух

From “The Laughing Man” by J.D. Salinger

3) argumentation

MRS WARREN [ indignantly ] Of course not. What sort of mother do you take me for! How could you keep your self-respect in such starvation and slavery? And what’s a woman worth? what’s life worth? without self-respect! Why am I independent and able to give my daughter a first-rate education, when other women that had just as good opportunities are in the gutter? Because I always knew how to respect myself and control myself. Why is Liz looked up to in a cathedral town? The same reason. Where would we be now if we’d minded the clergyman’s foolishness? Scrubbing floors for one and sixpence a day and nothing to look forward to but the workhouse infirmary. Don’t you be led astray by people who don’t know the world, my girl. The only way for a woman to provide for herself decently is for her to be good to some man that can afford to be good to her. If she’s in his own station of life, let her make him marry her; but if she’s far beneath him she can’t expect it: why should she? it wouldn’t be for her own happiness. Ask any lady in London society that has daughters; and she’ll tell you the same, except that I tell you straight and she’ll tell you crooked. That’s all the difference.

From “Mrs. Warren’s Profession” by Bernard Shaw

4) exposition

The nations and peoples of the world have travelled a long path of historical development. During the thousands of years of man’s history, civilizations have sprung up, flourished and died; entire peoples have conquered and themselves been conquered. The concept of a “political map” arose simultaneously with the appearance of states, their territorial borders and state institutions and with the split of human society into antagonistic classes. The first class societies were formed in the countries of the Far East – in Western Asia, Eastern and Southern Asia, and m the northeastern part of Africa. The ancient slave-holding states of Egypt, Babylon, India, China, etc. appeared after the demise of the primitive-communal society and its separation into classes of slaves and slave-holders. The borders of these

states, which used non-economic forms of coercion, were principally altered by wars. The growth in trade and monetary relations and the development of coastal cities promoted the flourishment of the ancient states of Greece and Rome.

From “The Political Map of the World”. Translated from the Russian by Patty Beriozkina

Exercise II. Study the Notes on Style. Read the examples given below. (Unit 2)

Informal functional style can be represented by:

1. Informal pronunciation

a) alveolar nasal [n] instead of velar nasal [ŋ]

E.g. It’s still bleedin’ like mad. … to be back in New York till tomorrow mornin’, … *

b) eye-dialect (a type of respelling of a word so that it appears to have been spoken with a regional accent)

E.g. Ya think I oughta put something on it? You make beeg joke – hah?

c) assimilated changed sounds

E.g. Don’t gimme any of that dragging stuff. When this guy comes in, willya tell him I’ll be ready in a coupla seconds? We spent about twenty minutes looking for it in the wuddayacallit – the snow and stuff.

2. Informal grammar

a) ellipse

E.g. Seen Franklin? (= Have you seen Franklin?) She know you are here?(= Does she know you are here?)

b) double negation

E.g. They don’t take this crazy boat out no more.

* All the examples in this exercise are from “Nine Stories” by J.D. Salinger

Exercise III. Read the Note on Studies of Written English in your textbook (Unit 3). Find the key-words and their synonyms in the extracts given below.

The coffee was brought and the hot rolls and cream and the pвtй de foie gras * and they set to. They spread the cream on the pвtй and they ate it. They devoured great spoonfuls of jam. They crunched the delicious crisp bread voluptuously. What was love to Arrow then? Let the Prince keep his palace in Rome and his castle in the Appennines. They did not speak. What they were about was much too serious. They ate with solemn, ecstatic fervour.

* pâté de foie gras (French) – паштет из гусиной печени

From “The Three Fat Women of the Antibes” by W. Somerset Maugham

The young lady, however, seemed slightly bored with her own singing ability, or perhaps just with the time and place; twice, between verses, I saw her yawn. It was a ladylike yawn, a closed-mouth yawn, but you couldn’t miss it; her nostril wings gave her away.

From “For Esmй – with Love and Squalor” by J.D. Salinger

Exercise IV. Study the note on Written English. Read the story “German Harry” by Somerset Maugham. Make up a summary of it.

German Harry

by Somerset Maugham

I was in Thursday Island and I wanted very much to go to New Guinea. Now the only way in which I could do this was by getting a pearling lugger to take me across the Arafura Sea. The pearl fishery time was in a bad way and a flock of neat little craft lay anchored in the harbour. I found a skipper with nothing much to do (the journey to Merauke and back could hardly take him less than month) and with him I made the necessary arrangements. He engaged four Torres Straits islanders as crew (the boat was but nineteen tons) and we ransacked the local store for canned goods. A day or two before I sailed a man who owned a number of pearlers came to me and asked whether on my way I would stop at the island of Trebucket and leave a sack of flour, another of rice, and some magazines for the hermit who lived there.

I pricked up my ears. It appeared that the hermit had lived by himself on this remote and tiny island for thirty years, and when opportunity occurred provisions were sent to him by kindly souls. He said that he was a Dane, but in the Torres Straits he was known as German Harry. His history went back a long way. Thirty years before, he had been an able seaman on a sailing vessel that was wrecked in those treacherous waters. Two boats managed to get away and eventually hit upon the desert island of Trebucket. This is well out of the line of traffic and it was three years before any ship sighted the castaways. Sixteen men had landed on the island, but when at last a schooner, driven from her course by stress of weather, put in for shelter, no more than five were left. When the storm abated the skipper took four of these on board and eventually landed them at Sydney. German Harry refused to go with them. He said that during those three years he had seen such terrible things that he had a horror of his fellow-men and wished never to live with them again. He would say no more. He was absolutely fixed in his determination to stay, entirely by himself, in that lonely place. Though now and then opportunity had been given him to leave he had never taken it.

A strange man and a strange story. I learned more about him as we sailed across the desolate sea. The Torres Straits are peppered with islands and at night we anchored on the lee of one or other of them. Of late new pearling grounds have been discovered near Trebucket and in the autumn pearlers, visiting it now and then, have given German Harry various necessities so that he has been able to make himself sufficiently comfortable. They bring him papers, bags of flour and rice, and canned meats. He has a whale boat and used to go fishing in it, but now he is no longer strong enough to manage its unwieldy bulk. There is abundant pearl shell on the reef that surrounds his island and this he used to collect and sell to the pearlers for tobacco, and sometimes he found a good pearl for which he got a considerable sum. It is believed that he has, hidden away somewhere, a collection of magnificent pearls. During the war no pearlers came out and for years he never saw a living soul. For all he knew, a terrible epidemic had killed off the entire human race and he was the only man alive. He was asked later what he thought.

“I thought something had happened,” he said.

He ran out of matches and was afraid that his fire would go out, so he only slept in snatches, putting wood on his fire from time to time all day and all night. He came to the end of his provisions and lived on chickens, fish and coconuts. Sometimes he got a turtle.

During the last four months of the year there may be two or three pearlers about and not infrequently after the day's work they will row in and spend an evening with him. They try to make him drunk and then they ask him what happened during those three years after the two boat-loads came to the island. How was it that sixteen landed and at the end of that time only five were left? He never says a word. Drunk or sober he is equally silent on that subject and if they insist grows angry and leaves them.

I forget if it was four or five days before we sighted the hermit’s little kingdom. We had been driven bad by weather to take shelter and had spent a couple of days at an island on the way. Trebucket is a low island, perhaps a mile round, covered with coconuts, just raised above the level of the sea and surrounded by a reef so that it can be approached only on one side. There is no opening in the reef and the lugger had to anchor a mile from the shore. We got into a dinghy with the provisions. It was a stiff pull and even within the reef the sea was choppy. I saw the little hut, sheltered by trees, in which German Harry lived, and as we approached he sauntered down slowly to the water’s edge. We shouted a greeting, but he did not answer. He was a man of over seventy, very bald, hatchet-faced, with a grey beard, and he walked with a roll so that you could never have taken him for anything but a sea-faring man. His sunburn made his blue eyes look very pale and they were surrounded by wrinkles as though for long years he had spent interminable hours scanning the vacant sea. He wore dungarees and a singlet, patched, but neat and clean. The house to which he presently led us consisted of a single room with a roof of corrugated iron. There was a 'ed in it, some rough stools which he himself had made, a fable, and his various household utensils. Under a tree in front of it was a table and a bench. Behind was an enclosed run for his chickens.

I cannot say that he was pleased to see us. He accepted our gifts as a right, without thanks, and grumbled a little because something or other he needed had not been brought. He was silent and morose. He was not interested in the news we had to give him, for the outside world was no concern of his: the only thing he cared about was his island. He looked upon it with a jealous, proprietary right; he called it “my health resort” and he feared that the coconuts that covered it would tempt some enterprising trader. He looked at me with suspicion. He was sombrely curious to know what I was doing in these seas. He used words with difficulty, talking to himself rather than to us, and it was a little uncanny to hear him mumble away as though we were not there. But he was moved when my skipper told him that an old man of his own age whom he had known for a long time was dead.

“Old Charlie dead – that’s too bad. Old Charlie dead.”

He repeated it over and over again. I asked him if he read. “Not much,” he answered indifferently.

He seemed to be occupied with nothing but his food, his dogs and his chickens. If what they tell us in books were true his long communion with nature and the sea should have taught him many subtle secrets. It hadn’t. He was a savage. He was nothing but a narrow, ignorant and cantankerous seafaring man. As I looked at the wrinkled, mean old face I wondered what was the story of those three dreadful years that had made him welcome

this long imprisonment. I sought to see behind those pale blue eyes of his what secrets they were that he would carry to his grave. And then I foresaw the end. One day a pearl fisher would land on the island and German Harry would not be waiting for him, silent and suspicious, at the water’s edge. He would go up to e hut and there, lying on the bed, unrecognisable, he would see all that remained of what had once been a man. Perhaps then he would hunt high and low for the great mass of pearls that has haunted the fancy of so many adventurers. But I do not believe he would find it: German Harry would have seen to it that none should discover the treasure, and the pearls would rot in their hiding place. Then the pearl fisher would go back into his dinghy and the island once more be deserted of man.

Exercise V. Study the note on Written English. Read an extract from “Aunt Fran” by John O’Hara. Mary Duncan is reading the letter she has written to aunt Fran to her husband, Bill Duncan. Make up a gist of it.

From “Aunt Fran”

by John O’Hara

… ‘Dear Aunt Fran. I am writing you this far ahead in order to make it possible for you to alter your plans in case you were planning to visit us this coming Christmas. As you know, we would always love to have you over the holidays but this year both children have invited school friends to visit them. Junior is bringing a boy from Seattle, Washington, who will not be able to go to his own home for the holidays and Barbara is inviting a girl whose father and mother are missionaries in China and she does not expect to see her parents for two more years.’

“That sounds as if Barbara didn’t expect to see her parents for two more years.”

“Shut up. It does not. ‘Barbara is also having two other friends for the Christmas festivities, namely the club dance and the Assembly and another dance being given by Judge Choate’s daughter. Emily. Therefore we will have a houseful with two girls sleeping in the guest room.’”

“Is that true?”

“Well, Barbara asked me if we’d mind having this girl from Scranton that has a crush on Bobby Choate. He asked her to go to the Assembly and she has no place to stay. And Emily Choate’s dance is only two nights before. To continue. ‘Bill and I hope you will be able to visit us later in the winter when things have quieted down and there is more room.’ Then some stuff about the people she knows in town, and love from you and I, Mary. All right?”

“Well, I hope so. We don’t want her to cut you out of her will.”

“She can’t. Grandpa established a trust fund, and when she dies the principal goes to me.”

“I know that. But she never spends any more than she has to and she must have saved some out of the income.”

“I’m not worried about that,” said Mary. “It’s just that I don’t want to hurt her feelings.”

“Yes, and I guess it can get pretty lonely around Christmas, an old maid living in a hotel. But she has your other sisters to invite herself to.”

“She never has, though. She’s always come here. And I will say I was glad to have her when you were away in the army. A grown person. Those two Christmases you were away, the children were just the wrong age. I couldn’t let them see I was miserable. They were so proud to have their father a captain, and at that age they got used to having you away. But if I would have shown any signs of how I felt, they would have started feeling sorry for themselves, too. So I was glad to have Aunt Fran to talk to. And cry a little.”

“Then for cripes’ sake let’s have her,” he said. “We can put cots in the attic, or something.”

“No. We can’t. I’ve made up my mind. I’m very fond of Aunt Fran and all that. But now it’s the children’s turn. You can’t go on all your life doing things for the older people. The time has to come when you must start giving preference to the younger ones. Aunt Fran’s had her life, but Barbara and Junior are just starting out. I may sound heartless and cruel, but if Aunt Fran has to spend Christmas in a hotel, that’s not our fault. It isn’t, Bill. She could have made more of her life. She always had enough money to live nicely and do what she wanted, and I’m not going to let sentiment spoil our children’s Christmas."

“No, I can see you’re not,” he said.

“Well, whose side are you on, anyway?”

“I don’t know. She may not be around much longer. In her late sixties. And the kids have all the time in the world ahead of them.”

“No, this is the time when they store up memories, and the parties this Christmas are going to be the best this town ever had.”

“You and I didn’t have a country club to go to.”

“No, and more’s the pity. My parents wouldn’t allow me to go to the Assembly till I was twenty. Chicken-and-waffle suppers. Sleigh rides. Picnics. Heavily chaperoned.”

“But we got married, Mary. And I like those memories, even if you don’t seem to.”

“Don’t twist what I say. I like those memories, too, but our children will have different ones. And I’m not going to let Aunt Fran deprive them of them.”

“All right. No use getting all het up about it. Let’s forget Aunt Fran.” He sipped his highball and lit a cigarette. …’

Exercise VI. Read the Notes on Style in your textbook.

a) In what other short stories is the character of the narrator represented?.

b) Put the examples below into 3 columns.

Inversion

Repetition

Syntactical Parallelism

1) He always came into the shop at the same time – half past two; he always sat in the seat next the window; and three days out of six, he would order the same dinner: a fourpenny beefsteak pudding – we called it beefsteak, and, for all practical purposes, it was beefsteak – a penny plate of potatoes, and a penny slice of roly-poly pudding* – ‘chest expander’ was the name our customers gave it – to follow.

* roly-poly pudding – a thick layer of suet pastry, spread with jam, rolled up like dress material and boiled in a cloth

From “The Uses and Abuses of Joseph”

by Jerome K. Jerome

2) Between the thumb and forefinger of her right hand she was holding a drumstick of the dismembered chicken; her little finger, elegantly crooked, stood apart from the rest of her hand. Her mouth was open, but the drumstick had never reached its destination; it remained, suspended, frozen, in mid-air.

From “Crome Yellow”

by Aldous Huxley

3) Cut and bleeding, if not broken, he would never have got away but that, fortunately for him, a tradesman’s cart happened to be standing at the servants’ entrance. Joe was in it, and off like a flash of greased lightning. How he managed to escape, with all the country in an uproar, I can’t tell you; but he did it. The horse and cart, when found sixteen miles off, were neither worth much.

That, it seems, sobered him down for a bit, and nobody heard any more of him till nine months later, when he walked into the Monico, where I was then working, and held out his hand to me as bold as brass.

From “The Uses and Abuses of Joseph”

by Jerome K. Jerome

4) What had happened was that we had all dived into mud up to our elbows, had gotten free only with great effort, and had each come up worrying about what had happened to the other two.

From “The Three Swimmers and the Educated Grocer”

by William Saroyan

5) Waldo did not even know he had a brother in Australia and, even if he had known it, he would never have imagined that he would be remembered in a will.

From “The Windfall”

By Erskine Caldwell

6) He heard the ca-ra-wong! of Wilson’s big rifle, and again in a second crashing carawong! and turning saw the lion, horrible-looking now, with half his head seeming to be gone, crawling toward Wilson in the edge of the tall grass while the red-faced man worked the bolt on the short ugly rifle and aimed carefully as another blasting carawong! came from the muzzle, and the crawling, heavy, yellow bulk of the lion stiffened and the huge, mutilated head slid forward and Macomber, standing by himself in the clearing where he had run, holding a loaded rifle, while two black men and a white man looked back at him in contempt, knew the lion was dead.

From “The Short and Happy Life of Francis Macomber”

by Ernest Hemingway

Exercise VII. Read the note on Studies of Written English in your text book. Here is short compositions written by a student (specializing in Natural Science) in his 3rd year of Senior High/ Upper Secondary school as a home assignment. The mistakes are retained as they originally were, find them and correct them.

Wild Wild Dreams

Have you ever had a dream when you were a child? Well, in my child-hood, I had a lot of dreams. One of them was to be a scientist, the greatest one. Science always made me amazed. I dreamt of many wild things, even the impossible one. But as my life went on, I learnt that they were not just hollow dreams.

I like to watch Science Fiction films. Have you ever watched X-Men, or Spiderman? What I dream of is not to be a man who has super power. In some sequences of those film, I found something more interesting. One of the characters on each films has an ability to regenerate himself when he is injured. It amazes me so much that I try to find the way to make it real in this real world. And Biotechnology seems to be perfect to realize my dreams including this one. In a section of Biotechnology lessons, there is a way to transfer genetic substance from one species to another. So, I think it may be possible if we transfer genes from a lizard which allows it to regenerate (As we know, lizard can regenerated himself, especially his tail) into human cells without changing other characteristics of human. Another way is by using hormone. By changing the genetic character of the hormone which allows human to replace damaged cells, we may be able to quicken its work so we can regenerate ourself in seconds. Another dream I have also hasn’t been realized yet by humankind. It is to create a human that is able to absorb energy from the sun, the limitless source of energy. This ability can solve all the food problems which the world is facing. People won’t need to eat foods if they have this ability. They simply drink water and breathe CO2 from the air. Humankinds don’t have this ability, but plants do. So I wonder if we can transfer this ability into human body. Transferring genes from plants into human cells may be possible. Another way is to transfer a part of plant which has the ability of changing sun ray’s energy into chemical energy we can use, chlorophyll, into human cells. That’s my second dream, dare to continue on my third?

My last dream is also connected to Biotechnology. It is an alternative if human kinds are unable to find a way to regenerate himself. I want to find a machine which is able to heal any kind of sickness you have. The reason I dream of this machine is the number of people who died within the time spent inside an ambulance car rushing in the road to the nearest hospital. So I dream if someday everybody owns this machine. When he sicks, he just enters this machine and is healed from all kind of illnesses. This machine is some sort of a small room which is full of liquid. This liquid is the media for the medicine to react and heal our sicknesses. A man who wants to enter use an oxygen supplier and simply sit inside.

Those are my dreams. No one has been realized. But I think someday we can make it happened. Ah, 5 o’clock, time to prepare my self. I have to go to school, improve myself, and maybe find a way to make my name written in history for inventing my own dreams.

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