Ответьте на вопросы к тексту. Грамматические упражнения

Текст B

Грамматические упражнения

Упражнение 1. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на независимый оборот без причастия.

1. With loads considerable, deep foundation was used for the structure.

2. Climate cold, extensive thermal insulation should be paid attention to.

3. Foundations vital (жизненно важный) for the structure stability and difficult to build, only specialists must construct them.

4. Wood, with moisture content high, loses its strength.

5. The construction of the foundation over, the superstructure building was begun.

6. Structural modification not economically possible, the building will be demolished (сносить).

Упражнение 2. Проанализируйте подчёркнутое в тексте предложение: выделите в нём подлежащее, сказуемое и второстепенные члены и укажите часть речи, которой являются эти члены предложения.

Упражнение 3. Задайте три вопроса к подлежащему или его определению, три альтернативных и три разделительных вопроса к тексту А.

SUSPENDED CEILING

The term 'ceiling' in modern building comprises all constructional features situated underneath the structural floor, that is, in structural steelwork it means those components of the floor structure which are installed below the slab and beams. In steel-framed buildings, the ceilings are usually of the suspended type.

In general, a suspended ceiling comprises the actual ceiling, a system of beams to support it, and the hangers, these being suspended from the structural floor. Many different materials and methods of construction are used for suspended ceilings, traditional ones being used as well as new standardised systems. New types are being developed, often for special purposes. Of particular importance are suspended ceiling systems which provide fire protection of the steel beams from below and also perform one or more of the other functions. Such ceilings are not much more expensive than those which do not provide fire protection.

Plastered ceilings comprise a plaster coat applied to lathing. They have the disadvantage that the space above the ceiling can not be easily reached without destroying part of the ceiling.

Demountable prefabricated panels have the general advantage of dry construction, and the same applies to the arrangements for closing or covering the joints. Separate panels can easily be removed without damaging adjacent ones.

Notes:

lathing n. основание (под штукатурку)

plaster coat слой штукатурки

1. What does the term “ceiling” mean?

2. What does a suspended ceiling consist of?

3. What are new types of suspended ceilings developed for?

4. What are the advantages of demountable panels?

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