Лексические упражнения. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту

Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

Текст A

EXTERNAL WALLS

Brickwork Ordinary or lightweight bricks, with or without external rendering, are placed within the frame. For high walls the masonry is also supported by vertical and horizontal steel members. Such infillings may be a half or a whole brick thick.

Concrete panels and slabs These units, usually of precast concrete, are provided with a heat-insulating. The concrete slab is a composite three-layer unit, comprising an outer and an inner leaf with a layer of insulating material sandwiched between; the inner leaf performs the main supporting function and is thicker than the outer. The two are interconnected by stainless steel ties extending through the insulation. To avoid stresses in the panels due to temperature differences, rigid connections are provided at the centre of each panel and elastic connections at the edges.

Lightweight concrete panels and slabs Because of their low weight and moderate cost, they are particularly suitable for steel-framed buildings. There are different kinds of these:

• Aerated concrete is cast in large blocks which are then cut up into panels or slabs. Aerated concrete panels and slabs are used as single-layer cladding units.

• Lightweight concrete slabs are used as single-layer cladding units which can be cast to any required shape.

• Multi-layer lightweight concrete cladding units comprise a dense inner concrete leaf, a thick intermediate layer of insulating lightweight concrete and an outer finishing layer of concrete.

Sandwich panels These can be self-supporting wall or spandrel panels and panels which are fitted between supporting mullions or columns. Depending on their physical function in relation to the interior space, open and closed panels are to be distinguished. As a rule, a cladding panel comprises the outer skin, the insulating core, the vapour barrier and the inner skin.

Notes:

rendering n. оштукатуривание

1. What are external walls built of?

2. What kinds of bricks are used?

3. What is the structure of a concrete slab?

4. Which lightweight concrete slabs are there?

5. What sandwich panels are to be distinguished?

Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык приведённые ниже слова. Какие из перечисленных слов могут быть другими частями речи? Какими именно? Как они в этом случае переводятся на русский язык?

dense (adj.), mullion (n.), spandrel panel, self-supporting (adj.), interconnect (v.), composite (adj.), infilling (n.), skin (n.), multi-layer (adj.), brickwork (n.), leaf (n.), sandwich panel.

Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие слова на английский язык:

таким образом, внутренний (2), облицовочная панель, выделять, тип, промежуточный, центр, выполнять, физический, тянуться, половина, как правило, внешний, край, влажность, профиль, из-за, разрезать.

Упражнение 3. Найдите в тексте термины, связанные с конструкцией наружной стены: её особенностями и свойствами. Перечислите их и дайте перевод на русский язык.

Упражнение 4. Какие из указанных переводов слов являются ошибочными. Укажите правильный перевод.

Упражнение 5. Выберите толкование, которое соответствует строительному термину.

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