Substitute the words in italics with the words from the active vocabulary

Write sentences using the following terms.

III. VOCABULARY STUDY

A. Give the definitions for the following terms and expressions or explain in other words.

II. COMPREHENSION

1. civil law

2. legal proceedings

3. private law

4. public law

5. civil code

B. Answer the following questions using the information from the text:

What is civil law typically contrasted with?

What does the term civil law also denote?

What the main feature of a civil law system?

When and where were the early custom and laws of Rome put in writing?

What does private law include?

What does public law consist of?

2. Complete the following sentences according to the information from the text:

1. Civil law is usually contrasted with …

2. The term civil law is used to mark all …

3. The most evident characteristic of a civil law system is …

4. The rise of nationalism led to the adoption of …

5. The civil law tradition makes …

6. Private law involves …

7. Public law is composed of …

3. Match the following legal terms with their definitions:

1. code	a) a traditional practice that is so long-established and universal that it has acquired the force of law
2. contract	b) system of accepted laws and regulations that govern procedure or behavior in particular circumstances or within a particular profession
3. custom	c) the law of a state dealing with the rights of private citizens; a system of law based on Roman law rather than common law or canon law
4. civil law	d) a session of an official body that has authority to try cases, resolve disputes, or make other legal decisions
5. court	e) a formal or legally binding agreement

civil law, legal system, civil code, private law, marriage, constitutional law, criminal law, personal injury, custom, administrative law, court, contract, public law, to adopt a code, legal proceedings, common law.

2. Choose the right preposition in brackets according to the contents of the sentences ( with, on, from, in ).

The role of judges in civil law jurisdictions differs considerably … that of judges in common law systems.

The term civil law was used to combine all non-English legal traditions together and contrast them … the English common law.

Civil law is based … written legal codes, a hallmark of the Roman legal system.

The tendency …civil law is to create a unified legal system by working out with maximum precision the conclusions to be drawn from basic principles.

1. Civil law is typically contrasted with case law.

2. Civil law is made by legislators who strive to supplement and modernize a system of laws or written rules, usually with the advice of legal scholars.

3. The civil law system assumes that there is only one correct solution to a specific law problem.

4. In civil-law countries, the official written agreement of carriage first achieved distinct form in the early 19th century.

5. The manner in which legal actions are conducted in civil law jurisdictions demonstrates a great concern for the protection of personal privacy.

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