A. Ways of Translating the For-to-lnf initive Constructions

WAYS OF TRANSLATING INFINITIVAL COMPLEXES

There are three types of infinitival complexes in present-day English (which are often referred to as secondary predication con­structions): 1) the for-to-infinitival complex; 2) the objective with the infinitive and 3) the subjective with the infinitive complexes.

Each type of these predicative constructions has some explicit and implicit grammatical characteristics of its own. Since translation of these complexes is often predetermined by their nature and structure, it would be expedient to dwell upon each of them sepa­rately.

These secondary predication constructions are used in their active and passive forms which does not influence their functioning as various complex parts of the sentence. Depending on its function in the sentence and on the voice form (active or passive) of the infinitive, this secondary predication word-group may have different equivalents in Ukrainian. The most often occurring are the infinitive, an infinitival

phrase introduced by the conjunction*LMo6, a finite form of the verb or a subordinate clause. The realization of a definite meaning may be predetermined by the function of the infinitival for-phrase which may be as follows:

1. The complex subject having for its equivalent in Ukrainian a
simple subject expressed by the infinitive or an extended subject
expressed by the subordinate clause:

«For me to see you is the hap- «Побачити тебе — для

piest minute in my life... (P. мене найщасливіша мить у
Abrahams) житті/є для мене

найщасливішою хвилиною...
«It would be better for us to «Було б краще для нас

leave him.» (Wilde) залишити його/щоб ми

залишили його.

2. A complex predicative having for its Ukrainian equivalent ei­
ther an infinitive functioning as the simple nominal predicate, or a
finite form of the verb, i.e., a simple verbal predicate:

«It is not for you to make Ue не тобі ставити умови/

terms.» (Wilde) He ти ставиш умови.

«The simplest thing,» said «Найпростіший вихід для

Fleur, «is for him to resign at нього... - негайно

once.» (Galsworthy) відмовитись від членства.»

3. A complex object corresponding to a simple or extended object
in Ukrainian:

We are waiting for the boys Ми чекаємо повернення/на

back from Hanoi. (Greene) повернення наших хлопиів з

Ханоя...

The condensed form of this infinitival complex may also have an object clause for its equivalent in Ukrainian: ми чекаємо, доки наші хлопці повернуться з Ханоя.

4. An attribute to a nominal part of speech:

She had only to express a wish Варто було їй тільки

for him to fulfil. (Maugham) виголосити якесь (своє)

бажання, він негайно ж
виконував його.
There was no room for us to He було місця, де сісти/де

sit down... (Galsworthy) можна було сісти.

5. An adverbial modifier of purpose or result having for their equiva­lents a subordinate clause or an infinitive in Ukrainian:

/ left something under your я дещо залишив тобі під

door for you to read it. (Carter) дверима, щоб ти почитав/

тобі почитати.
Her home was too far west for ft домівка була далеко

anyone to come to him. (Cusack) західніше, тож ніхто не міг

навідатись до нього.

Sometimes, however, an equivalent of the for-phrase in Ukrain­ian may be only a subordinate (or coordinate) clause:

He paused for me to show my Він помовчав, аби я ще раз

ignorance again... (Greene) показав своє неуцтво...

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