Task 4. Match the antonyms

Task 3. Match the synonyms.

THE STATE COURTS

The states all have their own courts: a Supreme Court, superior courts, local courts, some states have courts of small claims.

The State courts are set up in a system that looks like the system of Federal courts, with a Supreme Court at the top that has the power to declare State laws unconstitutional. The State courts, however, deal with a different kind of law. Whereas the Federal courts speak mainly of what they find in the Federal Constitution, the State courts rest upon all the law there is, except what has been delegated to the Federal Government. Some of the State law is found in the State constitution and the statutes passed by legislature. But a large part of it is the common law of England, inherited and adapted by court decisions to the conditions and moral judgments of the American people. In Louisiana much of the inherited law is French, brought down from the code Napoleon.

In most of the states the lowest courts are the magistrates or police courts, where the judge or magistrate (the justice of the peace can send a drunk to jail for thirty days, or fine a motorist for speeding, without the aid of jury. Some of the states have special traffic courts, probate courts or other special courts among their courts of small claims. The magistrate (the judge of the lowest court) may also have authority to receive a man accused of murder and decide whether to hold him for trial in a higher court.

Task 1. Translate the following words and expressions into Ukrainian.

original jurisdiction, regulations, associate justice, litigation, the district courts, circuit court of appeals, to alter the Constitution, the Court of Claims, a jury trial, original jurisdiction, the highest tribunal, an Attorney General, regulating agencies, special courts, to interpret the Constitution.

Task 2. Translate the following words and expressions into English.

головний суддя, судова влада, судовий процес, встановлювати право, податковий суд, поновлення у правах, член суду, посол, виключення, змінювати, приймати законопроект, суди вищої інстанції, суди нижчої інстанції, розкиданий, бути в небезпеці.

litigation	change
responsibility	consequently
establish	include
appointed	endorse
approve	trial
instance	set up
exception	amenability
alter	assigned
therefore	exclusion
comprise	example

superior	attack
appoint	decrease
approve	innocent
include	entail
arise	gathered
involve	inferior
high	discharge
protect	exclude
scattered	disapprove
guilty	low

Task 5. Correct the wrong statements. Decide whether they are true or false:

1. The executive branch has the responsibility of judging the constitutionality of acts of law.

2. There are about 50 Federal courts throughout the country.

3. Final authority resting in the United States Court of Appeals.

4. The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest tribunal in the United States.

5. It includes a Chief Justice and ten associate justices.

6. The Supreme Court can alter the Constitution.

7. The Supreme Court meets on the second Monday in September for a session which generally extends through to July.

8. The Supreme Court is made up of lawyers who had long and successful experience before they were appointed to the Court.

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