Прочитайте текст. Расскажите по-английски, что вы узнали об истории Гринвича и его сегодняшнем дне

Прочитайте текст. Назовите особенности современного спасательного средства на воде и принцип его действия.

Lifeboats

Even though we now have ships of a kind unknown in earlier centuries, we are still very far from mastering the sea. The Greek

sailor who was shipwrecked (терпеть кораблекрушение) on his way home from Troy and the sailor of tomorrow whose nuclear-powered cargo ship might be on fire both face the same dangers. They may drown (тонуть), and so they need to keep afloat. They may die, and so they need to keep themselves covered and dry. Rescuers (спасатель) may never find them, and so they need to send signals.

The Greek sailor at the time of the Trojan war had only a small chance of survival (спасение). The sailor of tomorrow has a greater chance, especially if the ship has one of the new rescue crafts on board.

One such lifeboat looks more like a flying saucer (тарелка) than a boat. Sailors on board a ship which is in trouble can get into the capsule, close the water-tight doors and operate the controls which drop the capsule automatically into the sea. Made of glass fibre (стекловолокно) the capsule will float on the sea and will not be dragged down by the sinking ship. It will protect the men inside from explosions, fire and extreme cold. It has a thirty-kilowatt diesel engine and so can carry survivors to the coast. To help rescue ship and aircraft to find it, the upper part of the capsule is covered with a special orange paint which can be detected by radar. Each capsule is large enough for twenty eight men.

Text 9D

Greenwich

Greenwich is on the river Thames, five miles from the middle of London, and its story is 2,000 years old. The first English people — the Saxons — were fishermen there and they gave Greenwich its name — «the green village».

You can still walk along the old Roman road in Greenwich park. But the river was the true road to the outside world for the Romans and for English kings and queens who later lived in Greenwich.

The King Henry VIII loved this place. He knew that England must be strong at sea. So two big shipyards were started at Greenwich and for 350 years the ships made there were the best in the world.

Many ships were lost at sea — their sailors did not know how to tell exactly where they were.

In the 17th century astronomer Flamstead tried to find the an­swer. He worked in an Observatory on the high ground in Green­wich park. The walls of its big light-sided (непрочной) room shook

when the weather was bad. But from it, with a telescope made by himself, Flamstead could look all round the sky. And he did look night after night for twenty years. Carrying on Flamstead's work a hundred years later, an astronomer called Harrison finally made a clock which told the time at sea and helped sailors to know where they were. You can see Harrison's clock, still working in Green­wich museum of the sea. Because of Flamstead's work every coun­try in the world now tells its time by Greenwich time.

Every year a million people come to Greenwich to see its mu­seums and palaces and its two famous ships: one old, one new. Both the big CUTTY SARK and the little GYPSY MOTH sailed through dangerous waters before they came safely back to their Greenwich home. At-the end of the 1800's the CUTTY SARK was the fastest ship of its size. Carrying more than a million kilos of tea, she travelled the 25,000 kilometeres from China to England in only hundred days.

Next to the CUTTY SARK is the GYPSY MOTH - only 16.5 metres long, but full of newest equipment. Her captain Sir F. Chichester wanted his ship to sail as far and as fast as the CUTTY SARK. When he sailed round the world by himself in CYPSY MOTH in 1966 - the first man ever to do this - he took a flag from the CUTTY SARK with him.

ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ

Упражнение 1. Найдите в тексте 9А:

а) ключевые слова со значением deep sea ship; переведите их;

б) словосочетания с under и близкие по значению выражения, переведи­
те их;

в) слово marine и словосочетания с ним; поясните их и приведите примеры.

Упражнение 2. А. Прочитайте текст. Постарайтесь догадаться о значении термина scuba divers.

A computer for scuba divers will provide in one device informa­tion about time, depth and air supply. It is to be used together with special divers' tables. A display will provide visual information and audible warnings about critical conditions.

If a diver wants to know an accurate depth he is down, he must set water type he is in. If he is in the sea, he will set «sea water», otherwise he will set «fresh water». The device shows the diver's current depth in meters and the level of power left in the batteries. It will indicate if the level is low, medium or high.

If a diver wants to know how long he has been down, he can see this from the display. If a diver needs to spend some minutes at a certain depth for decompression, he will start his stop watch, and will wait until the time has elapsed (passed). If a diver wants to know the amount of air left in the tank, he can see this from the contents display.

A warning signal tells him when he must start his ascent. Before he descends, the diver sets the time to ascend. If he began his as­cent before the display started flashing, he would be within safe limits. If he did not ascend then, he would expose himself to de­compression sickness. If he started his ascent and went up too quickly, he would see a warning light «Too fast». Then he should slow down his ascent.

B. Объясните на английском языке значения следующих слов и словосо­
четаний: scuba diving, stop watch, display flashing, air tank content, expose oneself to
decompression sickness. Переведите их.

C. Найдите в тексте дополнительное придаточное предложение с союзом if

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