I. Complete the sentences

UNIT9

UNIT 8

VI. Look at the map of the UK and tell about the geographical position of the UK. Write down the list of geographical names. Use the definite article where it is necessary.

IV. Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer the questions.

III. Translate into English

II. Make up different types of questions to the following sentences.

1. The highest mountain in the United Kingdom is Ben Nevis in Scotland.

2. Great Britain consists of three main parts: England, Wales and Scotland.

3. Great Britain is known for its frequent rains, strong winds and continuous fogs.

1. Лондон є важливим адміністративним, промисловим, науковим та культурним центром. 2. Англія славиться своєю красою та історією.3. ця країна відома своїми тривалими дощами та туманами. 4. Королева - є главою держави. Вона править, але не курує. 5. Більшість річок Великої Британії впадають у Північне море. 6. Поверхня Англії та Ірландії - досить рівнинна.

1. Where is the UK situated?

2. Why is the UK called an island country?

3. What ocean is the UK in the north washed by?

4. Are there any rivers in the UK?

5. What do you know about mountains in Great Britain?

6. How many parts does the UK consist of?

7. Who is the head of the country?

8. Is Great Britain rich in mineral resources?

Article the with Geographical Names

We use the definite article the with the geographical names of: · Rivers: the Thames, the Severn; · Oceans and seas: the Atlantic Ocean; · Mountain ranges: the Highlands; · Island groups: the British Isles; · Canals: the English Channel.   We don’t use the definite article the with the names of: · Towns, countries: London, Great Britain (but the UK, the USA) · Lakes, individual mountains: Loch Ness, Ben Nevis

V. Look through the text again and find what it says about:

· Seas, oceans and rivers

· Mountains

· People

· Cities

· The flag

GREAT BRITAIN. ECONOMY AND INDUSTRY OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Naval – морський

Power industry - енергетична промисловість

Private enterprises – приватні підприємства

Mixed private-and public-enterprise economy — змiшана економiка, що ґрунтується на приватному та державному пiдприємництвi

manufacturing – виробництво

industrial nation — промислова держава

due to — зумовленo

hand in hand — плiч-о-плiч

сconsiderable – значний

tin – олово

copper – мідь

demand – вимога

cotton – бавовна

wool - вовна

to make up — складати

national income — нацiональний дохід

Commonwealth banks — банки Спiвдружностi

building societies — житлово-будiвельнi товариства

Great Britain is a highly-developed naval and industrial power. Its economy was primarily based on private enterprises. However, some industries were nationalized after World War II. Now it has a mixed private- and public-enterprise economy. The government controls the coal-mining and electric power industries, ferrous metallurgy and shipbuilding. Part of public transport, civil aviation and national bank are also managed by the state.

The main sectors of British economy are manufacturing, services and agriculture.

The rise of Great Britain as an industrial nation was partly due to the presence of considerable mineral resources, the most important of them being coal and iron. Next to coal and iron the chief minerals found on the British Isles are the building stone, marble, granite, tin, copper, zink, salt.

Coal-mining, metallurgy, textile, shipbuilding are the older branches of industry. The new industries are the chemical, electrotechnical, automobile and electronics. The new industries have developed hand in hand with science and technology and are equipped to meet present technical demands.

Big cities and towns such as London, Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle, Sheffield and Birmingham have enterprises of nearly all branches of industry. The main centres of cotton and woolen industry are Leeds, Bradford and Manchester.

Services play an important role in British economy and make up an increasing proportion of the national income.

Britain’s banking system comprises the Bank of England, the commercial banks, branches of foreign and Commonwealth banks and building societies. The Bank of England acts as the government’s bank.

I. Find equivalents:

1. coal-mining a. змiшана економiка

3. hand in hand в. приватне пiдприємство

4. industrial nation г. енергетична промисловiсть

5. private enterprise д. суднобудування

6. power industry е. промислова держава

7. public transport є. плiч-о-плiч

9. shipbuilding з. громадський транспорт

10. mixed economy и. чорна металургія

11. cotton industry і. вугледобувна промисловiсть

12. ferrous metallurgy ї. бавовництво

II. Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the list:

woolen industry; manufacturing; agriculture; private enterprises; industrial power; public-enterprise economy.

1. Great Britain is a highly-developed naval and __________.

2. British economy was primarily based on _______.

3. Great Britain has a mixed private and ________.

4. The main sectors of British economy are _______, services and ________.

5. The main centres of cotton and ________ are Leeds, Bradford and Manchester.

III. Match each term in Column A with its definition in Column B:

Column A	Column B
1. service	a. The activity of selling goods and services in order to make a profit.
2. national income	b. A financial institution that accepts demand deposits and makes commercial loans.
3. gross domestic product	c. An economy in which a significant percentage of its goods and services are traded internationally.
4. trade	d. The total annual money value of the goods and services produced by a country.
5. bank	e. A financial institution that accepts deposits and arrange mortgages for house purchase.
6. building society	f. The monetary value of all the goods and services produced by an economy over a specified period.
7. open economy	g. Intangible commodity.
8. exports	h. Goods and services sold to foreign countries.

GREAT BRITAIN. LONDON IS THE CAPITAL OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Complete – завершувати

To burry – поховати

The ceremony of the changing of the guards – церемонія зміни варти

Expensive – дорогий

Slum – хрущоба, нетрі

Magnificent – чудовий

Suburb – передмістя

London — the capital of Great Britain is situated on the Thames River. It is one of the largest cities in Europe. It is divided into four parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End.

The City is the business and commercial heart of London. Many banks, offices and firms are concentrated there. The Tower and St. Paul's Cathedral are in the centre. The Tower is about 900 years old. Many years ago it was a royal residence, then a prison. Now it is a museum. St. Paul's Cathedral is very large and fine. It was completed in 1710.

If the City is the business part of London, Westminster is the centre of administration. We can see the Houses of Parliament there. The Houses of Parliament stand in Parliament Square. Westminster Abbey is opposite the Houses of Parliament. Many great Englishmen were buried in Westminster Abbey. To the west of Westminster Abbey you can see Buckingham Palace. It is a royal residence. The ceremony of the changing of the guards which takes place in front of Buckingham Palace is of great interest to the tourists.

Rich people live in the West End. The best and most expensive clubs, restaurants and theatres, beautiful houses and parks are there.

The East End —the district of plants, factories and slums— is for the working people. London is unlike any other city in the world. It has rather wide streets but low houses. This city has never been planned and it has many parts which are different from each other.

London has been a capital city for nearly a thousand years, and many of its ancient buildings still stand. The most famous of these are the Tower of London (where the Crown Jewels are kept), Westminster Abbey and St. Paul’s Cathedral, but most visitors also want to see the House of Parliament, Buckingham Palace and the many magnificent museums.

Once, London was a small Roman town on the north bank of the Thames, but slowly it grew into one of the world's major cities. Like all big cities, London has streets and concrete buildings, but it also has many big parks, full of trees, flowers and grass. Sit on the grass (you're allowed to!) in the middle of Hyde Park or Kensington Gardens, and you will think that you're in the country, miles away.

Many people live outside the centre of London in the suburbs, and they travel to work, in the shops and offices by train, bus or underground. The trains are full - and expensive - and the roads are crowded with cars, but every day a million people come from far out of London, even from the coast.

By the day the whole of London is busy. At night, the offices are quiet and empty, but the West End stays alive, because this is where Londoners come to enjoy themselves. There are two opera houses here, several concert halls and many theatres, as well as cinemas. London pubs, restaurants and nightclubs are busy half the night.

Many people think that London is all grey but in fact red is the London's favourite color. The buses are red, the letterboxes are red and the mail vans are all bright, bright red. London is at its best when people are celebrating. Then the flags, the soldiers' uniforms the cheering crowds and the carriages and horses all sparkle in the sunshine - if it's not raining, of course!

1. London — the capital of Great Britain is situated ….

2. Westminster Abbey is ….

3. Rich people live in….

4. Once, London was a small….

5. Many people live outside the centre of London in the suburbs, and they …..

6. Many people think that London is all grey but ….

Дата добавления: 2014-11-29