Airport Design

AIRPORT DESIGN

UNIT 4

Topics for Discussion

Answer the questions.

1. How does a thrust reverser operate?

2. Why is so much research going into the development of STOL and VTOL aircraft?

3. Why do modern runways become more complex and longer?

4. What happens when the pilot operates the thrust reverser lever?

5. What are the two nozzles near the front of the VTOL engine for?

6. What does the principle of PCB come to?

7. What drawbacks are common to all VTOL aircraft?

8. In what other ways can the VTOL problem be solved?

1. Why Airplanes Fly.

2. Main parts of the Airplanes.

3. Flight Controls.

4. How Thrust is Developed.

5. The Types of Engines.

6. The Jet Engines Fundamentals.

7. How Aircraft Fly.

8. One of the World’s Largest Aircraft.

9. Modern Cargo Aircraft.

10. Vertical and Short Take-off and Landing Aircraft.

Exercise 4.1.1 Read and translate the text.

The modern airport is a centre of most diversified services. Among the airport services are: flight assistance service, air traffic control – airport traffic control, air route traffic control, radio communication and weather service observation forecasting.

The airport has to maintain a number of supplementary services – rescue and security services. There must be an airport clinic, a fire brigade, special vehicles and equipment units (water trucks, catering trucks, air freight and baggage handling units, tow tractors for moving aircraft to the apron).

Other services cover maintenance, overhaul and repair of stationary and mobile equipment, the supply of electricity, water, heat and air conditioning. There is the Aircraft Maintenance Base with many maintenance specialists. There’s the fuel supply centre with underground pipelines.

The facilities include runways, air navigation aids, passenger or cargo terminal buildings. The airport offers a hotel, a post office, bank offices, restaurants, snack bars and waiting lounges.

In the terminal there’s the computer information system to provide passengers with necessary flight information.

Any terminal building also provides space for the facilities for the convenience of passengers. First of all it is a central hall where passengers may rest while waiting for their flights. There may be situated various gift shops and news-stands, a post-office department, public telephones, a first aid room, chemist’s, hairdresser’s, luggage department and currency exchange.

Passengers can make a long distance call, exchange currency, buy souvenirs and other goods at the duty-free shops.

Any international airport has two halls: arrival and departure, customs inspection, passport and health control.

The airport terminal building is designed to facilitate safe and economic transfer of passengers and cargo between aircraft and ground transport.

The configuration of runways, the main and exit taxiways is an important element which influences the capacity of an airport. Exit taxiways are quite important for clearing landing aircraft from runway rapidly.

Lack of space for loading and unloading in the terminal area will result in delays and the number of operations an airport can handle in a peak period will be limited.

Weather conditions have an effect on airport capacity as well. The capacity of an airport during poor visibility conditions is usually less than in good visibility conditions.

Besides, the number and types of navigation aids available to pilots and controllers influence airport capacity. The development of computers helps controllers in processing aircraft at a more rapid rate.

Exercise 4.1.2 Answer the questions.

1. What services are there at the airport?

2. What do the facilities include?

3. How many halls does an international airport have?

4. What influences the capacity of an airport?

5. What does the airport offer?

6. What may be situated at the airport?

7. How is the airport terminal building designed?

8. What can passengers do at the terminal building?

9. What will lack of space for loading and unloading in the terminal area result in?

10. What conditions have an effect on airport capacity?

11. When is the capacity of an airport less?

Exercise 4.1.3 Write T if the sentence is true and F if the sentence is false.

1. The modern airport is a centre of most diversified services.

2. The airport doesn’t have to maintain a number of supplementary services.

3. There’s the fuel supply centre with surface pipelines.

4. In the terminal there’s the computer information system to provide passengers with necessary flight information.

5. Any terminal building doesn’t provide space for the facilities for the convenience of passengers.

6. Any international airport has two halls: arrival and departure.

7. Entrance taxiways are quite important for clearing landing aircraft from runway rapidly.

8. Lack of space for loading and unloading in the terminal area will result in delays.

9. Weather conditions don’t have an effect on airport capacity.

10. The development of computers helps controllers in processing aircraft at a more rapid rate.

Exercise 4.1.4 Give the English equivalents for the following.

Разнообразные службы; дополнительные службы; пожарная бригада; стационарное оборудование; подземные трубопроводы; буксировочный тягач; газетный киоск; комната оказания первой помощи; пропускная способность аэропорта; условия низкой видимости; выводная рулежная дорожка.

Exercise 4.1.5 Find in the text synonyms for the following words and word combinations.

Various services; additional services; an airport hospital; repair of machinery; departure lounge; expanse; baggage department; customs control; to assist controllers; quick rate; central taxiway.

Exercise 4.1.6 State what part of speech the following words belong to.

1. observation

a) verb b) noun c) adjective d) adverb

2. include

a) adjective b) noun c) preposition d) verb

3. necessary

a) adjective b) verb c) noun d) adverb

4. while

a) verb b) conjunction c) preposition d) pronoun

5. luggage

a) countable noun b) uncountable noun c) verb d) adverb

6. goods

a) verb b) pronoun c) uncountable noun d) countable noun

7. facilitate

a) adverb b) past participle c) verb d) preposition

8. designed

a) past participle b) verb c) adverb d) noun

9. rapidly

a) adjective b) adverb c) past participle d) verb

10. capacity

a) countable noun b) preposition c) uncountable noun d) pronoun

11. less

a) adjective b) comparative adjective c) adverb d) superlative adjective

Exercise 4.1.7 Match the words and word combinations in column A with those in column B.

A	B
1. diversified services	a. погрузка
2. supplementary services	b. реконструкция
3. overhaul	c. парикмахерская
4. gift shops	d. обмен валюты
5. hairdresser’s	e. магазин беспошлинных товаров
6. currency exchange	f. главная РД
7. duty free shops	g. разнообразные службы
8. main taxiway	h. магазин сувениров
9. exit taxiway	i. разгрузка
10. loading	j. выводная РД
11. unloading	k. дополнительные службы

Exercise 4.1.8 Fill in the gaps with the words from the text choosing from the ones given in brackets.

1. The modern airport is a centre of most diversified ___________ (services, work, employment, outbuildings).

2. The airport ____________ (have to, has to, can, may) maintain a number of supplementary services.

3. Other services ___________ (cover, give, take) maintenance, overhaul and repair of stationary and mobile ____________ (outfit, facility, equipment).

4. The airport ____________ (give, offers, gives, offer) a hotel, a post office, bank offices and waiting lounges.

5. There is a central hall where passengers may rest while ___________ (wait, expect, waiting, expecting) for their flights.

6. Passengers can make a long distance ___________ (phone, call, telephone).

7. The airport terminal building is ____________ (maid, designed, designated) to facilitate safe and economic transfer of passengers and cargo between aircraft and ground transport.

8. Exit taxiways are quite important for ____________ (making, doing, clearing) landing aircraft from runway ___________ (rapidly, slow, slowly).

9. Weather conditions have an effect on aircraft capacity ___________ (either, as well, well, also).

10. The development of computers ____________ (assist, helps, influences) controllers in processing aircraft at a more rapid rate.

Exercise 4.1.9 Fill in the gaps with the related words.

1. The modern airport is a centre of most ____________ (DIVERSIFY) services.

2. The airport has to maintain a number of ____________ (SUPPLEMENT) services.

3. There must be an airport clinic, special vehicles and _____________ (EQUIP) units.

4. Other services cover __________ (MAINTAIN), overhaul and repair of stationary and mobile __________ (EQUIP).

5. The airport offers a post office, bank offices, snack bars and ____________ (WAIT) lounges.

6. In the terminal there’s the computer ___________ (INFORM) system to provide passengers with necessary ___________ (FLY) information.

7. There may be ___________ (SITUATE) various gift shops and news stands, public telephones, a first aid room, luggage department and currency ____________ (CHANGE).

8. The airport terminal building is _____________ (DESIGN) to facilitate safe transfer of passengers and cargo between aircraft and ground transport.

9. Exit taxiways are important for __________ (CLEAR) landing aircraft from runway ____________ (RAPID).

10. Lack of space for ___________ (LOAD) and ___________ (UNLOAD) in the terminal area will result in delays.

11. The __________ (DEVELOP) of computers helps controllers in processing aircraft at a more rapid rate.

Exercise 4.1.10 Fill in the prepositions if necessary.

1. _______ the airport services are: flight assistance service, air traffic control and other services.

2. There is the fuel supply centre ________ underground pipelines.

3. ______ the terminal there’s the computer information system to provide passengers ________ necessary flight information.

4. Passengers can buy souvenirs and other goods _______ the duty-free shops.

5. The airport terminal building is designed to facilitate safe transfer _______ passengers _______ aircraft and ground transport.

6. Exit taxiways are important ________ clearing landing aircraft from RW rapidly.

7. The configuration of RWs, the main and exit TWs is an important element which influences ________ the capacity ________ an airport.

8. Weather conditions have an effect ________ airport capacity as well.

9. The number and types of navigation aids available ________ pilots influence airport capacity.

Exercise 4.1.11 Put the given words in the correct order.

1. modern/ is/ a/ centre/ of/ most/ services/ diversified/ The/ airport.

2. number/ a/ services/ supplementary/ maintain/ to/ has/ airport/ The/ has/ of.

3. can/ Passengers/ make/ call/ distance/ long/ a.

4. have/ Weather/ on/ airport/ conditions/ an/ as well/ effect.

5. controllers/ The/ development/ computers/ of/ helps/ rapid/ rate/ a/ more/ at/ processing/ aircraft/ in.

Exercise 4.1.12 Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Современный аэропорт – центр многих разнообразных служб.

2. Аэропорт должен предоставлять множество дополнительных услуг.

3. В аэропорту находится база технического обслуживания воздушных судов с подземными трубопроводами.

4. Аэропорт предоставляет отель, почту, рестораны, закусочные и залы ожидания.

5. В здании аэровокзала располагается компьютерная информационная система, которая обеспечивает пассажиров необходимой полетной информацией.

6. Любое здание аэровокзала обеспечивает местом для специального оборудования, созданного для удобства пассажиров.

7. Пассажиры могут совершать международные звонки, обменивать валюту, покупать сувениры и другие товары в магазинах, где продаются товары, необлагаемые таможенной пошлиной.

8. В любом международном аэропорту есть 2 зала: зал прибытия и отправления, таможенный контроль и паспортный контроль.

9. Главная и выводная рулежные дорожки – это важный элемент, который влияет на пропускную способность аэропорта.

10. Погодные условия могут также влиять на пропускную способность аэропорта.

11. Недостаток места для погрузки и разгрузки в зоне аэродрома может быть причиной задержки.

Exercise 4.1.13 Make up your own sentences using the words and word combinations.

To maintain; the supply of electricity, water, heat and air conditioning; maintenance specialists; to include; to offer; snack bars and waiting lounges; necessary flight information; to provide passengers; public telephones; a first aid room; hairdresser’s; chemist’s; currency exchange; to buy souvenirs; duty free shops; health control; ground transport; arrival and departure; lack of space.

Exercise 4.1.14 Retell the text.

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