Видовременные формы страдательного залога ( Passive Voice)

Образование.

Passive Voice.

Страдательный залог.

Oral practice. Topic. One of the greatest inventions of the mankind.

Task 1. * Make up a short story about one of the greatest inventions of the mankind as you like. Present information on:

1) an invention you consider to be one of the greatest in the world;

2) the name of the inventor;

3) the country this invention was made in;

4) what the thing was made for;

5) how it is used now;

6) how it influenced our life;

7) your opinion about this invention and its role.

Залог – это категория глагола, которая показывает отношение действия к субъекту или объекту действия.

Действительный залог – показывает, что предмет или лицо совершает действие.

Я пишу лекцию.

Страдательный залог – показывает, что предмет или лицо подвергается действию.

Лекция пишется мною. Дом продаётся. Магазин открывается. Статья переведена.

	To BE + V3 правильн.гл. Ved _________ (в нужном времени) неправ.гл. V3

Глаголы в страдательном залоге могут переводиться на русский язык:

1. кратким причастием (статьи переведены)

2. глаголом на –ся (статьи переводятся)

3. неопределённо-личным оборотом (статьи переводят)

	Simple	Progressive (Continuous)	Perfect	Perfect Progressive
Present	спрашивают обычно всегда каждый день am is asked are	спрашивают сейчас все ещё   am is being asked are	спросили уже (результат)   have been asked has	ВместоPerfect ProgressiveупотребляетсяPerfect
Past	спросили, был спрошен вчера когда-то в прошлом was were asked	спрашивали когда я приехал   was were being asked	спросили, был спрошен (к тому моменту, уже)   had been asked
Future	спросят, будет спрошен завтра   will (shall) be asked	ВместоFuture Progressiveупотребляется Future Simple	спросят, будет спрошен (к тому моменту)   will have been asked
	be V3	be being V3	have been V3

Задание 1.

Переведите следующие предложения, выбрав необходимую форму глагола страдательного залога.

1. Статья была переведена вчера. а) is translated

b) was translated

c) had been translated

2. Когда я пришёл, статья переводилась a) was translated

студентами. b) was being translated

c) were being translated

3. Статья уже была переведена, когда я пришёл. a) had been translated

b) has been translated

c) had translated

4. Статью будут переводить завтра на уроке. a) will be translated

b) will have been translated

c) is being translated

Задание 2.

Употребите следующие предложения во всех временных формах страдательного залога. Выберите соответствующий индикатор времени из числа приведённых ниже.

1. Dinner is cooked by mother. 2.This problem is discussed by the students. 3. A new grammar rule is explained by the teacher. 4. The poem is learnt by the pupils. 5. A beautiful piece of music is played by the pianist. 6. The suit is made by a tailor.

Always, usually, often, in 1985, yesterday, the day before yesterday, at 5 o’clock yesterday, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in a week, next Monday, at 5 o’clock tomorrow, now, at this moment, when I came in, when he comes in, just, today, this year, last week, by 5 o’clock, by the end of the month.

Задание 3. Перестройте предложения из действительного залога в страдательный.

1. The man is selling ice-cream.

2. The doctor ordered her a long rest.

3. They often speak about him.

4. He had left home by that time.

5. The scientists have discussed this report at the conference.

6. The parthners will have signed the contract by the end of the week.

7. The student was passing the exam.

8. He will return all the books.

9. The lawyers are examining the contract.

10. The mother usually takes children to the school.

11. The company has built many new houses this year.

12. I don’t write letters.

Задание 4.*Переведите предложения в страдательном залоге.

1. Эта книга часто читается в школе.

2. Письмо будет отправлено завтра.

3. После того как поездка была закончена, гостей отвезли в отель.

4. На прошлой неделе нам показали прекрасный фильм.

5. Текст переводился вчера с двух до трёх.

6. Экзамен только что сдан нами.

7. Работа будет сделана к 10 часам.

Модуль 3. “Modern cities. City traffic”. «Современные города. Городское движение»

Listening practice “New York Tram ”.

Task 1. As a rule in a large city there are different means of transport such as trams, buses, trolly-buses, taxis, sometimes underground. Not long ago a new kind of transport was introduced in New York. They called it “a New York tram” or “a street-car in the sky”, an aerial car.

a) Listen to the story “New York Tram”and fill in the chart.

Total length (m)	Speed (km\h)	Height (m)	Time of working	Intervals during rush hours\the rest of the day	Terminal stations	Passenger capacity (per 1 car)

Reading practice “Barbican Centre ”.

Task 1. Read the text “Barbican Centre ” «Центр Барбикан». Determine what specialists can use the information it contains. Fill in the following chart.

Vocabulary:

determine [di′ tə:min] – определять fountain [fauntin] – фонтан

cost – стоимость expect [iks′ pect] – ожидать

Barbican [babikən] – Барбикан resident company – местная компания

district [′distrikt] – район base – основывать

enormous complex [i′ no:məs] – громадный комплекс provide – обеспечивать

contain – содержать music performance [pə′ fo:məns] –

exhibition hall [eksi′ bi∫n ho:l] – выставочный зал муз. представление

level – уровень, этаж entertainment [entə′ teinmənt] – развлечение

City	Cost	Date of opening	Function

Barbican Centre.

Barbican is a district of the City of London. It was largely destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. Great construction has started since the end of the war. Nowadays Barbican is one of the most beautiful district of London. It is also famous for the Barbican Centre.

The Barbican Centre is an enormous complex which contains two theatres, an art gallery, a library, three cinemas, two restaurants and two exhibition halls.

The building itself is very interesting: it is built on eight levels. Four of these levels are underground. On the fifth level there is a lake, complete with 45 fountains, and an open-air terrace where you can have coffee.

The construction of the Centre was started in 1970. At that time it was expected to cost 190 million pounds. At last on the 3^rd of March 1982 the Barbican Centre was opened by Queen Elizabeth herself. At that time the final cost of construction was 150 million.

There are two resident companies now based in the Barbican Centre. They are the London Symphony Orchestra and the Royal Shakespeare Company. It is these two companies which provide a good part of the cultural proframme for the public. At the same time there is a variety of exhibitions, musical performances and other entertainment.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27