Определите временные формы глагола-сказуемого в каждом предложении. Переведите предложения на русский язык

УРОК 2

Грамматика: 1. Видо-временные формы глагола.(группы Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect)

2. Значение и употребление слова it.

Текст: The System of Petroleum Education in Our Country.

1. Прочитайте следующие слова:

- call, all, more;

- laboratory, always;

- number, under, other, study, some, such;

- gas, carry, than, that, has, practical;

- many, level, present, seven, method;

- even, field, between, free, receive;

- paid, education, later, enumerate, main;

- October, grown, close, most;

- new, usually, computer, future, unity.

2. Прочитайте следующие слова, обращая внимание на ударение:

government [ ], petrochemical [ ], polytechnical [ ], reservoir[ ], nowadays[ ], society [ ], maintenance [ ].

3. Запомните следующие слова и словосочетания:

carry out – проводить (исследования)

comprise – заключать в себе, охватывать

decree – декрет

drilling – бурение

reservoir engineering – разработка пласта-коллектора

prospecting - разведка

enumerate – перечислять

extra-mural – заочное (обучение)

faculty – факультет

full-time (part-time) education – дневное (вечернее) обучение

level – уровень

maintenance grant – стипендия

master – изучать

nowadays – в наше время, теперь

practical training – практика

provide – обеспечивать

publish – публиковать

separate – отдельный

single out – отбирать, выбирать

research – научные исследования

unity – единство

well-equipped – хорошо оборудованный

work-shop – мастерская

a great number – много

free of charge – бесплатный

as to – что касается

4. Подберите из правой колонки правильный перевод английских слов и словосочетаний:

1) to pay great attention 1) перечислять

2) to single out 2) стипендия

3) to comprise 3) дневное и вечернее обучение

4) branch 4) выделиться

5) to enumerate 5) уделять большое внимание

6) full-time and part-time education 6) филиал

7) unity 7) под руководством

8) in close connection with 8) единство

9) under the guidance 9) в тесной связи с …

10) maintenance grant 10) охватывать

5. Переведите на русский язык следующие сочетания слов без словаря:

to pay great attention to …, the level of petroleum education, a great number of new specialities, the educational period, full-time and part-time education, extra-mural (correspondence), well-equipped laboratory, to master mathematics, as to the foreign language, in close connection with, oil refinery, pipeline construction site, student`s scientific society, free of charge, to receive maintenance grants.

6. Определите значения выделенных слов по сходству их корней с корнями соответствующих слов в русском языке:

to publish the decree, the organization of the Moscow Mining Academy, a separate petroleum institute, gas industry, the system of education, special institutes, some faculties, polytechnical institutes, traditional specialities, geological and geophysical prospecting of oil and gas fields, production methods, pipeline transportation, typical oil institute, educational period, the main idea, academic, practical education, well-equipped laboratories, computer classes, mathematics, physical.

7. Определите по суффиксам, какой частью речи являются следующие слова, и переведите их на русский язык:

attention – attentive, educational – education, industrial – industry, traditional – tradition, type – typical, usual – usually, main – mainly, connect – connection, academy – academic, practice – practical – practicable, guide – guidance, independent – independence.

8. Переведите на русский язык следующие отглагольные существи-тельные:

drilling, prospecting, drawing.

9. Переведите:

а) следующие прилагательные с суффиксом – al:

educational, technical, geological, chemical, petrochemical, polytechnical, traditional, geophysical, typical, practical;

б) существительные с суффиксом – ion (– tion, – ation):

attention, education, revolution, organization, tradition, construction, operation, specialization, connection;

в) существительные с суффиксом – ment:

achievement, development, department, equipment, improvement;

г) запомните суффикс прилагательного и наречия–fold (обозначает увеличение

в определенное количество раз)

twofold (two-fold) – двойной, удвоенный, вдвое, в два раза.

Переведите: manyfold, tenfold, thousandfold, eightfold.

10. Определите значение слова “branch” в контексте (branch – отрасль, филиал, отделение, ветвь):

1. Russia has hundreds of branches and types of production. 2. The development of the petrochemical industry, fuel and energy complexes, metallurgy and leading branches of the engineering industry becomes very important for the heavy industry and other branches of the national economy. 3. The Institute has its branches in five industrial cities of our country.

11. Запомните:

as – как; в качестве; так как; поскольку; в то время как; когда; по мере того как

as a rule – как правило

as well as – а также (и); так же, как (и)

as to – что касается; относительно; о.

Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:

1. The total number of students of a university includes full-time students as well as the students who study at the evening or correspondence departments. 2. As a rule, every university has also post-graduate courses. 3. The students may leave the Petroleum University as oil engineers, mechanical engineers, etc. 4. The outer zone of the earth, known as the earth’s crust, is the zone on which we live. 5. As the university is in close connection with oil industry, the students take practical training at oil refineries, oil fields and other industrial enterprises of our country. 6. As to the foreign languages a student may study English, German, French languages.

12. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на многозначность союза that (что, который) that (those) - заменитель существительного): it is … that - именно, как раз

1. It is known that our country has always paid attention to the education of petroleum engineers. 2. The equipment that the postgraduates have used for carrying out their experiments is of modern design. 3. It was clear that computers performed the work that man could not. 4. At present the system of petroleum education in our country is more complex than that before World War II. 5. It is due to Gubkin’s works that we know the origin of oil. 6. The level of petroleum education is many times greater than that in 1930.

13. Запомните спряжение глагола “to study” в действительном залоге:

Неопределённые времена	Продолженные Времена	Перфектные времена
I study – я обучаюсь (учусь) I studied – я учился I shall study – я буду учиться	I am studying – я учусь I was studying – я учился I shall be studying – я буду учиться	I have studied – я изучил I had studied – я изучил I shall have studied – я изучу
указывают только на совершение действия в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем; на русский язык переводятся глаголами совершенного или несовершенного вида (учить или изучить) в зависимости от контекста	Обозначают развивающееся, незавершенное действие; Используется для того, чтобы придать повествованию большую выразительность, яркость, динамичность; на русский язык переводятся глаголами несовершенного вида (учить, изучать)	обозначают завершённое, законченное действие; на русский язык, как правило, переводятся глаголами совершенного вида (изучить)

1. In the past 10 or 15 years, industrial training has become quite a separate profession. 2. In the past 10 or 15 years we have made a great progress in human relationships and in the teaching/learning process. 3. The Russian oil engineering industry provides the oil and gas industries with modern equipment. 4. Russia is also working out its own modern offshore technology. 5. The scientific and technological revolution has made education decisive in economic and social life. 6. Our higher and specialized secondary schools train specialists in over 500 professions. 7. The students went through practical training at industrial enterprises, oil and gas fields, oil refineries, etc. 8. During their study course students obtain a broad training in general engineering as well as specialized training related to petroleum industry problems. 9. At present the students are combining their education with practical experience at the enterprise in which they will work after their graduation. 10. The students are studying physical geology which deals with the chemical composition, crystal form and the origin of minerals. 11. The lecturer was speaking about the problems the petroleum industry was to solve in the near future.

14. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени:

Ann: Hello, Kate. I am so glad you (to come) at last. Where you (spend) the morning?

Kate: I (to be) in the bookstore choosing new books in English.

Ann: It (to rain) still? It (to be) rather dark in the room.

Kate: No, the rain (to stop), but the wind (to blow). On my way to your place I (to meet) Mary. You (to know) her?

Ann: Of course I … (to know) her since childhood. When we (to be) children, we often (to play) together. Where you (to meet) her? I (not to see) her for a long time. What she (to look) like?

Kate: She (not to change) a bit. She (to go) to the library when I (to meet) her.

Ann: What she (to tell) you?

Kate: She (to tell) me she recently (to return) from a very interesting trip and that she (to travel) a lot and (to see) many interesting things. She (to want) to see all her friends soon.

Ann: Oh, then she (to come) to see me, too, I (to think).

Kate: Yes, that (to be) a pleasant meeting, I (to be) sure. But what (to be) the time? My watch (to stop) and I (not to know) the exact time.

Ann: It (to be) ten minutes to three.

Kate: Oh, then let’s begin working at once. At four o’clock I must go. My mother (to wait) for me at the metro station at a quarter past four.

15. Переведите предложения, учитывая особенности перевода конструкций “подлежащее, выраженное местоимением “it”:

1. It proves that the system works perfectly. 2. It took the student 5 years to master his speciality. 3. It is possible to predict the results of this experiment. 4. It was head of the government who signed the decree on the establishment of the Moscow Mining Academy. 5. It was not until 1930 when a separate petroleum institute singled out from this Academy. 6. The level of petroleum education has grown manyfold. It is very high now.

16. Переведите текст:

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