Prepositions

Articles

I. Read, translate and remember:

a pen, a bed, a man, a table, an apple, an eve, an end; a fine pen, a little apple, a silly man, a little size, a fine life, an ill man, an old lamp, an ugly face, a tall girl, an oval table, a sweet, a big dog.

II. Put in “a” or “an” (Вставьте “a” или “an”):

plate, little aim, old man, exam, fact, fine tie, ox, red apple, ugly face, little step, silly film, ill dog, aid, deep lake, edge, funny story, student, easy test, orbit, arrow, sweet cake, blue pen, atom, tasty ice-cream.

III. Study the meaning of the article:

1. This is a cat. The cat is grey. 2. The lamp is bad. 3. These are students. The students are in the laboratory. 4. Tom is a lucky man. 5. I am a first-year student. 6. My sister is an engineer. 7. The Sun is a star. 8. Give me that book, please. Don’t read the book. 9. The Blacks are from India. 10. This is his hotel. The hotel is little but fine. 11. Mr. Bent is an old man. 12. Mrs. Hope is the director of our company. She is a good director. 13. I have a car. The car is old but good. 14. The notebook is in the desk. 15. Pete is little. 16. That is a fine pen. 17. Ann is sad. 18. My cat is black. 19. The film is silly. 20. Kate is happy. 21. Our city is big and fine. 22. Kiev is my native city. 23. His dog is silly. 24. Buy me a pen, please.

IV. Put in the article “a/an” where necessary (Вставьте неопределённый артикль, где необходимо):

1. This is … pen. It’s … black. 2. That is … sad … film. 3. It is … my … flat. 4. Is this … his … table? – Yes, it is. 5. That is … Betty. 6. Take … my … pen. 7. This is … bad … desk. 8. Make … little … bed. 9. That is … tie. It is … black. 10. See … this … film. 11. Pay … that … man. 12. Send … them … plan. 13. Let … me … sleep. 14. Take … five … pens. 15. Make … eleven … tables.

V. Change the sentences using “the” where possible (Измените предложения, используя определённый артикль, где возможно):

e.g. That cat is silly. = The cat is silly.

1. This test is fine. 2. That text is silly. 3. My pen is black. 4. Kate is sick. 5. This boy is shy. 6. This box is little. 7. Ben is in this shop. 8. That cap is nice. 9. His flat is nice. 10. My cake is on that table. 11. Ann is at that desk. 12. Nick is at his desk. 13. My pen is black. 14. Mary is in her room.

VI. Put in the article:

1. This is black cat. 2. Lamp is fine. 3. These are boxes. 4. Minsk is fine city. 5. That is his flat. 6. Those are friends. 7. Tests are easy. 8. His present is nice. 9. Eat apples. 10. Hats are red. 11. Ben is at table. 12. Parents are at home. 13. She is in bed. 14. Cat is in box. 15. Kate is student. 16. They are at university now. 17. Lamp is on desk. 18. Pens are in desk. 19. This is cat. Cat is nice. 20. Pete’s student. 21. This is hat and that is cap. Hat is black and cap is blue. 22. Tom is teacher. He is French teacher. 23. Helen is doctor. She is good doctor. 24. He is driver. He is fine driver. 25. This is Helen. She’s silly girl. 26. This is our classroom. It isn’t large. 27. These are desks. Desks are brown. 28. Mike is three. He is smart.

предлоги места:

at – у, за; (местонахождения на работе или учёбе) в, на at the table; at home, at university

in – в in the room, in the shop, in the car

on – на on the desk, on the wall, on the trees

over = above – над over the table, above the door

under = below – под under the bed, below the window

in the middle of – посредине in the middle of the room

between – между between the window and the table

among – среди among the boxes, among the trees

`opposite – напротив opposite the shop, opposite the door

in front of – перед in front of the car

behind – позади behind the house, behind the piano

inside – внутри inside the box, inside the bank

outside – снаружи, за пределами outside the shop, outside the cafe

far – далеко, far from – далеко от far from home, far from the car

by = beside – около, возле by the door, beside the phone

next – следующий; соседний, next to – рядом, около next to the window

around/at the corner – за углом,

предлоги движения:

to – к, в, на go to work, to France, to the hotel

towards = in the direction of – по направлению к go towards the centre

from – из, от, с, go from the cinema, come from Moscow

into – в, внутрь, get into the room, put into the box

out of – из, за пределы, за get out of the car, take out of the box

away (from)/off – прочь (от/из) run away from the house, drive off

across / over – через go across the street, get over the wall

along – вдоль go along the road, walk along the river

past – мимо walk past the shop, get past the

round the corner – из-за угла walk round the corner from the car park

up – вверх go up the stairs, get up the hill

down – вниз run down the stairs, drive down the street

through [θru:] – через, сквозь get through the window,

back – назад come back from university, go back home

forward – вперед drive forward

предлоги взаимоотношений

for – для, ради; за (thank for, pay for, apologise for, blame for) a present for my mother

with – (together with) – вместе с walk with a dog, a woman with glasses

without - drink tea without milk

about = of – о, talk about computers, think of future

among – среди, among my friends

by – посредством, с помощью go by bus, send a letter by post

as … as … – как, as clever as Einstein

than – чем,

of – о, из, как показатель Родительного падежа (не переводится) dream of a big house, one of my friends, a handle of an umbrella,

from … into/to … – с … на … / из … в … translate from English into Russian

устойчивые выражения глаголов с предлогами

to wait for – ждать,

to leave for – уезжать в/на,

to care about – быть внимательным к, заботиться о,

to look (at) – смотреть (на),

to look after = to take care of – следить за, ухаживать за, заботиться о,

to look for – искать,

to leave – уезжать, уходить из, оставлять, покидать

to listen to – слушать кого-л.,

smile at – улыбаться кому-л.,

laugh at – смеяться над кем-л.,

talk/speak to – беседовать, разговаривать с

write to – писать кому-л.,

thank for – благодарить за,

ask for – просить о,

depend on – зависеть от,

live on – жить на,

spend on – тратить на,

happen to – случаться с,

prefer … to – предпочитать что-л. чему-л.

to fail in the exam – провалить экзамен

to rely on – полагаться на кого-л., доверять кому-л., рассчитывать на кого-л.

to arrive in a country or town – приезжать, прибывать to arrive in Italy, to arrive in Achinsk

to arrive at other places – приезжать, прибывать to arrive at work, to arrive at the hotel

to be afraid of – бояться чего-л., кого-л. I’m afraid of bears.

to be angry with somebody – сердиться на кого-л. She is angry with her child.

to be angry about something – сердиться на что-л. They are angry about the weather.

to be different from – отличаться от I’m different from my brother.

to be good at – хорошо разбираться в чем-л. He is good at painting.

to be bad at – плохо разбираться в чем-л. You are bad at cooking.

to be interested in – интересоваться чем-л. We are interested in football.

to be married to – быть женатым на, замужем за My sister is married to a famous artist.

to be fond of – обожать что-л. I’m fond of butter-flies.

to be tired of – уставать от чего-л. Our mother is tired of washing today.

to be busy with – быть занятым чем-л. He is busy with repairing his car now.

I. Read and translate:

1. on the shelf, on the plate, on the balcony, on the bed, on the table, on the chair, on the floor, on the wall, on the door, on the ceiling ['si:liŋ], on the trees, on the grass, on the horse, on the bicycle, on the bus, on the train, on the plane, on the ship, on the ground floor, on the first floor, on the second floor, depend on the parents, live on 3,000 roubles a month, live on the salary, spend holiday on writing papers, spend all money on presents, rely on the friends, rely on the weather forecast, Remember: on the way to (my) work, on the way to (my) study, on the way home, on foot, on holiday, on TV, on the radio

2. at the table, at the bus stop, at the door, at the desk, at the top of the page, at the bottom of the glass, at the end of the street, at the concert, at the party, at the football match, at the wedding, at the railway station, at the bus station, at the airport, at the hotel = in the hotel, at the restaurant = in the restaurant,look at the picture, smile at the baby,laugh at the dog, arrive at the dacha, arrive at the theatre, I’m good at dancing, you are good at lying, I’m bad at painting, Remember: at home, at work, at school, at college, at university, at rest, at war, at Jane’s (house), at my sister’s (house), at his parents’ (house), at the doctor’s, at the hairdresser’s, at the baker’s, at the age of 18

3. in these shops, in my bed, in the room, in the middle of the room, in his car, in the water, in the garden, in the city centre, in France, in the kitchen, in that box, in those bags, in the bank, in the newspaper, in the world, arrive in Moscow, I’m interested in celebrities’ lives, fail in math exam, fail in English exam, Remember: in bed, in hospital, in the street, in the sea, in the sky, in the photo, in the picture

4. above the clouds, above the table, above the box, over the picture, jump over the wall, fly over the city, Remember: over the radio, over the phone, over 15 miles, over 5 years, He is over 30, all over Russia

5. under the tree, under the hat, go under the bridge, work under the earth, below the line

6. in the middle of the café, in the middle of the garden, in the middle of the hall, in the middle of the month, in the middle of the game, in the middle of the life, in the middle of the winter

7. between the window and the table, between the shop and the bank, between London and Paris, between meals, between boys and girls, between you and me, between the TV set and the computer

8. among the crowd, among the boxes, among the trees, among my friends, among her things

9. `opposite the bus stop, opposite the bank, opposite the window, opposite my desk

10. in front of the house, in front of the university, in front of the computer, in front of my bed

11. behind the door, behind the shop, behind the desk, behind the sofa, behind the bookcase

12. inside the desk, inside the bag, inside the room, inside the car, Remember: inside the mouth

13. outside the door, outside the room, outside the town, outside the house, outside my experience

14. far from the city centre, far from home, far from my car, to walk far, to get far into the woods

15. by the door, by the desk, by the sea, Sit by me, a play by Chekhov, a book by L.N. Tolstoy, a painting by Picasso, music by Tchaikovsky, a paper by Ivan Petrov, Remember: to travel by train / by bus / by plane / by air / by bike, little by little,step by step, to play by the rules, a doctor by profession, by the way

16. beside the sea, beside the TV set, beside the shop, beside the car, beside the wall

17. a next house, the next petrol station, next to Mike, next to the wall, next to the university

18. drive around the corner, meet at the corner of the street, go around the corner of the shop

19. go to London, return to France, come to the hotel, walk to the city centre, go to the theatre, get to the party, speak to the students, talk to girls, listen to music, write to Malakhov, Tom is married to my sister, happen to me, prefer coffee to tea, Remember: go to work, go to bed, go/come/walk/get/arrive home

20. walk towards the bank, go towards the town centre, swim towards the river bank

21. walk from the cinema, go from the party, come from great Britain, run from the dog, a letter from my mother, return from the party, borrow money from a friend, 2 km from the sea, a rest from work, protect from the sun, I’m different from my parents, Kate is different from her friends

count from 1 to 10, go from Russia to Italy, return from the conference to the hotel, from time to time, from day to day, from the beginning to the end (of), translate from German to Chinese

22. jump into the water, put the papers into the box, get into the car, put a lipstick into the bag

23. take out of the bag, come out of the house, walk out of the room, jump out of bed, look out of the window, run out of the woods, get out of petrol

24. go away for a week, drive away from the city, run away from the house, take the food away, give the money away, swim away, walk off, get off the bus, fall off the bicycle, take the feet off the table

25. swim across the river, walk across the street, turn over the page, climb over the wall

26. walk along the street, go along the road, run along the river bank

27. walk past the church, run past the school, drive past the police station, go past the bank

28. stop round the corner, drive round the corner, run round the corner from the dog, turn round the corner

29. walk up the hill, jump up, run up the stairs, lift the box up, fly up

fly down, walk down the stairs, run down the street, drive down the hill

30. get through [θru:] the woods, fly through the window, drive through the village

31. bring the umbrella back, give the books back, come back from Germany, walk back, go back home

throw a stone forward, look forward, drive forward, run forward

32. flowers for my mother, meal for the cat, thank for the help, pay for the meal, blame the government for the reforms, apologise for the mistake, forgive the friend for rude words, wait for the teacher, leave home for the university, leave family for the lover, look for the glasses, ask for help, ask for money

33. without me, tea without sugar, life without problems, a house without electricity, a dog without a tail

34. with my friends, coffee with milk, a house with a big garden, I’m angry with my dog, my mother is angry with our little Nelly, Nick is busy with his translation, together with parents

35. a book about fashion, talk about cars, know much about computers, a programme about sport, speak about science, care about health, never care about people, you are always angry about the weather

hear much of the film, think of love, the dream of a sport car, one of the students, a leg of the table, the size of the room, the colour of the walls, a bag of potatoes, 2 kg of sugar; take care of the baby = look after the baby, I’m fond of music, I’m tired of classes, I’m afraid of street dogs

36. as proud as a king, as wise as a snake, as sly as a fox, as loyal (= faithful) as a dog

II. Fill in the gaps with the necessary prepositions:

a) in, on, at

1. My mum is … the kitchen. 2. The pens are … the box. 3. The clock is … the wall. 4. The students are … the desks. 5. Jane is … the dentist’s. 6. The car is … the street. 7. Don’t sit … the grass. 8. Don’t look … me. 9. Don’t spend your money … that girl. 10. Smile … people. 11. Don’t laugh … me. 12. I’m … the wedding now. 13. John is … holiday now. 14. Kate and Steve are … hospital now. 15. The table is … the middle of the room. 16. You’d better get there … foot. 17. There is some money … home. 18. There are a lot of people … the park. 19. There is sports news … TV tonight.

b) to, into, in, at

1. Don’t read … bed. 2. It’s late. Go … bed. 3. Let’s walk … the park. 4. Go … the park. 5. Play … the park. 6. Put the papers … the desk. 7. Go … the desk. 8. Stay … the desk. 9. Don’t go … the room. 10. Put the brush … the bag. 11. Keep the brush … the box. 12. Stay … home. 13. Listen … me. 14. Don’t swim … a cold water. 15. Let’s go … the party. 16. Don’t stay … the party long.

c) from, out of, away

1. It’s a message … our teacher. 2. Get … the river. 3. Get … the car and drive …. 4. Take the papers … the secretary. 5. Take the papers … the table box. 6. Take the papers … the table. 7. The dog is not hungry. Take its food …. 8. Take the food … the fridge. 9. Take the food … the table to the fridge. 10. Run …. 11. The house is 250 m … the river. 12. Don’t return … work late.

d) 1. Wait... the teacher. Don’t go …. 2. Let’s leave … Moscow … holiday. 3. Don’t look … your bag. It’s … the bed. 4. Care … other people. You are too rude. 5. Don’t laugh … sick people. 6. Thank you … your help. 7. I prefer cats … dogs. 8. You cannot rely … Tom. He isn’t honest. 9. Don’t ask me … any money. 10. Speak … Kate. 11. Nick is afraid … you. 12. I’m angry … you. 13. I’m angry … your words. 14. Don’t listen … this music. 15. You are quite different … your brother. 16. Take care … my cat, please. 17. I’m interested … French fashion. 18. I’m not busy … my guests tonight. 19. We’re tired … this work. 20. His father is married … my aunt. 21. I can’t depend … you.

III. Choose the correct preposition:

1. The cat is on/in/at the bed. 2. Mike is ill. He is on/in/at bed. 3. I always get to work on/in/at/by bus. 4. You can get in/into/to/at the university on/in/at/by the bus. 5. Helen depends of/on/from her parents. 6. Don’t spend all your money at/for/on drinks. 7. I’m at/by/in/on the way on/to/into my work. 8. It’s useful to go at/in/on/by foot. 9. Wait -/about/for/with me at/in/on/to the bus stop. 10. Let’s go at/in/into/on/to the concert tonight. 11. The car is at/in/on/by the end of the street. 12. Let’s meet at/in/on/into/by the football match. 13. Don’t smile at/for/-/with that boy.14. I’m good at/of/with/-/about dancing. 15. You are bad at/of/with/-/about painting. 16. The director is in/on/at/for rest in/on/at/by/to the sea now. 17. Our father is at/in/to/on/by the doctor’s. 18. You can fail -/at/by/for/in/on/with your English exam. 19. Arrive at/in/to/into the bank by 4 o’clock. 20. It suddenly rained at/by/in/on/for the middle of the game. 21. Go across/over/under the bridge. 22. Don’t talk by/in/on/over the phone so long. 23. The bus stop is among/behind/between/by/in front of/inside/over/outside the shop and the bank. 24. There is no money among/between/behind/next to/opposite her things. 25. Your coat is at/behind/in/into/inside/under the car. 26. The car is at/behind/by/over/opposite/under the shop. 27. Don’t get far at/in/into/on/outside/over the woods. 28. Tom is an engineer at/by/in/of/on/over profession. 29. There is a table at/beside/by/in/on/over the wall. 30. I like plays and stories at/by/of/-/under Ostrovski. 31. He doesn’t want to return from/out of France in/into/to Russia. 32. Mike is married at/in/on/-/to/under my cousin. 33. We prefer sweets at/for/-/of/to/behind biscuits. 34. Come at/in/-/on/to/into/for home by dinner. 35. Don’t return from/out of/into/to/at the cinema late. 36. Take a lipstick at/in/from/into/out of/to the bag. 37. Don’t apologise at/for/-/in/on/to/with the mistake. 38. I prefer tea of/to/across/without/behind/together with sugar.

IV. Translate into English:

а) На моём столе, в этом столе, за тем столом, на его кровати, в той постели, в этом магазине, в этом кинотеатре, в его шляпе, в больнице, дома, на соседней улице, на свадьбе, на работе, на каникулах, на том камне, на море, на фотографии, на концерте, далеко от дома, далеко от парка, далеко от двери, под дверью, над дверью, из Минска, из Красноярска, далеко от парка, далеко от друзей, в магазине, в университете, в этом городе, на той улице, по телевизору, над кроватью, под кроватью, под ящиком, в моей сумке, в озере, на море, на Чёрном море, в море, в машине, под машиной, в парке, во дворе, далеко от дома, на выходные, на отдыхе, за дверью, на столе, за столом, в столе, под столом, в моём ящике, на этом ящике, среди бумаг, напротив окна, по дороге домой, посредине комнаты, среди книг, между столами, напротив кровати, передо мной, за домом, внутри ящиков, в книге, около стены, рядом с домом, по соседству с банком, возле дивана (sofa).

b) Вальс Штрауса, опера Верди, для моей сестры, с сестрой, подарок от друзей, письмо от друга, с другом, с друзьями, письмо другу, с кошкой, среди кошек, забота о кошке, подарок родителям, только с родителями, для его родителей, без родителей, торт от родителей, в письме родителям, с собакой, о собаке, для собаки, деньги за статью, статья о студентах, статьи Салина Петра, деньги от отца, ради отца, среди студентов, для студентов, о студентах, без студентов, мечты о ней, подарок от меня, с нами, с ним, от них, к нам, к ним, от него, для них, для него, с тобой, к тебе.

c) Идти в кинотеатр/в магазин/домой, идти из кинотеатра/магазина/университета, прогуливаться по парку/лесу/двору, переходить улицу/проспект, проходить мимо магазина /университета /дома /машины, вернуться в магазин/на работу/домой, выйти из-за угла/из автобуса/из магазина, уехать из города/университета/дома/банка/с работы, слышать через стену, бежать через лес, влететь через окно, кричать через улицу, гулять вдоль берега моря/дороги/домов, бежать вверх по лестнице, смотреть вверх на облака, кинуть камень вниз/в окно/через стену, идти только вперед.

d) 1. Возьмите её письма со стола и положите в ящик. 2. Где кинотеатр? – Идите вдоль по улице, мимо магазина, под мостом. За мостом посредине площади стоит памятник Пушкину. Кинотеатр находится за памятником. 3. Поставьте цветок возле стола. 4. Деньги под ковром, а ключи на полке. 5. Возьмите тексты из стола и положите на компьютер. 6. Верни эту сумку в магазин: она не модная. 7. Иди в университет без меня. 8. Поищи ручку в ящике стола. 9. Спой со мной.

e) 1. Он занят работой в саду. 2. Она увлекается музыкой и танцами. 3. Вы женаты? – Нет. Я устаю от женщин и детей: они такие шумные. 4. Я очень устаю на работе. 5. Моего отца интересуют только машины. 6. Моя собака обожает меня. 7. Они увлекаются цветами. 8. Мой брат увлекается рыбками. 9. Ты плохо готовишь. – Неправда, я очень люблю готовить. 10. Мой отец очень любит рыбачить, а мама устает готовить рыбу. 11. Я увлекаюсь футболом. 12. Мой брат женат на нашей соседке (a neighbour ['neibə]). 13. Я сейчас занят – чиню телевизор. 14. Тебя интересует музыка? – Да, я обожаю джаз. 15. Вы любите петь? – Да, мы с сестрой очень хорошо поем. Но наши родители устают от нашего пения. 16. Я плохо разбираюсь в химии.

V. Finish the sentences as in the model:

e.g. He is fond of … (to sing). – He is fond of singing.

1. My sister is interested in … (to play tennis, to cook Chinese dishes, to sing folk songs, English poetry)

2. Our mother is tired of … (to cook, to wash, to iron, to do the work about the house, to clean windows)

3. My brother is afraid of … (to ski, to swim, animals, to cook, to play golf, to walk in the woods)

4. I’m fond of … (to play basketball, to paint, to read poems, to watch TV, to play with my little brother)

5. Our father is busy with … (his dog, to mend his car, to discuss a contract, to sign documents)

6. My grandparents are busy with … (to knit, to work in the garden, to plant flowers, to cook, to sing)

7. You are bad at … (to sing, to write, to draw, to write papers, classic music, to dance, to cook)

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27