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Introduction




Part II. Syntax

Part I. Morphology

Introduction

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword................................................................................................................................ 6

Survey of the Development of English Grammatical Theory.......................................... 11

Grammar in Its Relation to Other Levels of Linguistic Structure............................................ 37

Problems of Field Structure.................................................................................................... 42

Functional Re-evaluation of Grammatical Forms in Context......................................... 45

Grammatical Doublets........................................................................................................... 55

Revision Material........................................................................................................... 59

Chapter 1. The Subject-Matter of Morphology............................................................. 60

Chapter II. Parts of Speech.................................................................................. 67

Problem of Classification................................................................................ 67

Chapter III The Noun........................................................................................................... 72

Number........................................................................................................... 72

Case............................................................................................................... 78

The Article...................................................................................................... 84

Revision Material.................................................................................................................. 88

Chapter IV. The Adjective.................................................................................................... 89

The Category of Intensity and Comparison..................................................... 90

Substantivation of Adjectives........................................................................... 96

Revision Material............................................................................................................ 98

Chapter V. The Verb............................................................................................................. 99

The Structural Functions of the English Verb................................................ 105

Mood........................................................................................................ 107

Modal Verbs.................................................................................................................. 111

Voice............................................................................................................. 118

Active:: Passive in the English Voice System............................................... 118

Aspect........................................................................................................... 130

Lexico-Grammatical Categories in the Field of Aspect................................... 130

Revision Material................................................................................................................. 136

Chapter VI. English Verb-Forms and Their Pattern-Value.................................................. 137

The Present Tense..................................................................................... 137

The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense........................................... 141

The Past Tense.......................................................................................... 146

The Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense............................................... 147

The Perfect Tenses................................................................................... 149

The Future Tense............................................................................................ 154

Revision Material........................................................................................................... 159

Chapter VII. The Pronouns.................................................................................... 160

Personal Pronouns.................................................................................. 160

Chapter VIII. The Adverb..................................................................................... 164

Category of State..................................................................................... 166

Revision Material................................................................................................................ 168


Chapter IX. Sentence Structure...................................................................................... 169

Chapter X. The Simple Sentence.................................................................................... 183

The Principal Parts of the Sentence..................................................................... 183

The Secondary Parts of the Sentence................................................................... 189

Word-Order......................................................................................................... 195

One-Member Sentences..................................................................................... 208

Infinitival Sentences........................................................................................... 211

Ellipsis................................................................................................................ 212

Verbless Two-Member Sentences........................................................................... 215

Idiomatic Sentences............................................................................................ 225

Constructional Homonymity.............................................................................. 228

Revision Material.......................................................................................................... 233

Chapter XL Phrase-Structure......................................................................................... 234

Subordinate Phrases...................................................................................................... 236

Noun-Phrases........................................................................................................... 236

Verb-Phrases.......................................................................................................... 242

Infinitival, Gerundial and Participial Phrases.......................................... 249

Coordinate Phrases........................................................................................................ 249

Revision Material.......................................................................................................... 251

Chapter XII. The Composite Sentence................................................................................ 252

Coordination...................................................................................................... 257

Subordination..................................................................................................... 261

Subject and Predicate Clauses.................................................................................. 262

Object Clauses......................................................................................................... 264

Attributive Clauses................................................................................................... 265

Clauses of Cause................................................................................................ 267

Clauses of Place....................................................................................................... 268

Temporal Clauses.................................................................................................... 269

Clauses of Condition.......................................................................................... 270

Clauses of Result................................................................................................ 273

Clauses of Purpose............................................................................................. 274

Clauses of Concession....................................................................................... 274

Clauses of Manner and Comparison........................................................................ 277

Overlapping Relationships and Synsemantics in Hypotaxis............................. 278

Transpositions and Functional Re-evaluation of Syntactic Structures.. 280

Final Remarks on Subordination.............................................................................. 282

Asyndeton.............................................................................................................. 283

Represented Speech................................................................................................. 285

Nominality in English Sentence-Structure............................................................... 286

Grammar and Style........................................................................................... 291

Revision Material......................................................................................................... 298

Index of Grammatical Points Treated............................................................................ 299

Recommended Literature 303


SURVEY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH GRAMMATICAL THEORY




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