Lombroso, Cesare, 1836 - 1909

Lindbergh, Charles Augustus, 1902 -1974

Kidnapping, which means the taking of a person - sometimes a child - by force and asking the family, friends or even employers of the person for ransom

(a) money in return for his or her release, has always been regarded as a serious crime One of the best known kidnappings of modern times took place in America in March 1932, when the nineteen-months old son of American aviator Colonel Charles Lindbergh was taken from his New Jersey home wftile he was asleep in the nursery. Charles Lindbergh was the first man to fly ^me Atlantic non-stop singlehanded in 1927 and a great American hero. A larg^{e sum} of money - $50,000 - was demanded by the kidnapper and this was eventually paid over by Lindbergh in April. However, the boy had already been murdered and his bod\ buried under leaves and twigs in a wood only four miles fir°^{m tne} Lindbergh home As a result of the Lindbergh case the crime of kidnapping was made a Federal instead of just a State offence (b) with the passing of the "Lindbergh Act" (federal Kidnapping Act) in 1933. This allowed the FBI to become involved in the search for kidnappers and their victims (g), щаК'^п§ ^аа arrest so much more likely. The kidnapper of Lindbergh's child, Bruno Hauptmann, a carpenter from New York, was finally arrested in Sepi^^em^^er 1934 after a massive search, and executed (d) in 1936. The publicity which followed the kidnapping was so great that the Lindberghs eventually ^^e^ America to live in England and continued to do so until 1939.

Complete the following sentences using the underlined words from the t^ext *ⁿ the appropriate form

1. The____of the earthquake were a young married couple.

2. The criminal was charged with a serious____.

3 He was for murdering his wife.

4. The family had to pay a big had been kidnapped.

for the freeing of the child who

Professor Lombroso, an Italian, is regarded as the father of the scientific study of criminals, or criminology. In an enormous book called The Criminal, he set out the idea that there is a definite criminal type, who can be recognized by his or her appearance. Some of what he said is difficult to believe- F°^r example, he said that left-handed persons have a criminal instinct. Amon^ th^e things he considered important were the shape of the head, colour of the hair, the eyes, the curve of the chin and forehead and if the ears stick out. His i were very new at the time and, although not altogether correct, caused a interest and made other people look into the problem of crime in a scientific way.

Which derivative of the word "crime " matches the following definitions. 1) noun - the study of crime;

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