Hydrogen in industry

Translate the text with a dictionary

Open the brackets translating the Ukrainian words into English

Answer the questions

EXERCISES

VOCABULARY

certainty – впевненість growth– зростання fluorine – фтор crust – кора potassium– калій magnesium – магній

versatility – багатобічність generalization – узагальнення nucleotide – нуклеотид glycogen– глікоген neutrality – нейтральність

1. What have the chemists and biologists long been surprised by?

2. What does the solar system consist of?

3. Is there much helium in the earth crust?

4. What eight elements can provide more than 98% of the atoms in the

earth’s crust?

5. What two elements account for 88.5% of the atoms in the human body?

6. What element is more plentiful, silicon or carbon?

7. What elements make up the molecular building-blocks of living matter?

8. What do the electrochemical properties of living matter depend on?

2. Find the pairs of synonyms:

lately, to account, for, recently, essential, to provide, to explain, to supply,

amount, important, quantity.

3. Find the pairs of antonyms:

existent, clear, disappear, negative, unlike, charge, appear, like, stable, to

gain, artificial, unclear, unstable, to lose, discharge, positive, non-existent,

natural.

4. Translate paying attention to the meanings of the word “provide”

1. The steel may be provided with the desired degree of hardness depending on the temperature to which it is reheated. 2. To provide the laboratory with necessary equipment much money should be spent. 3. Our new laboratory is provided with gas and running water. 4. The materials provided by nature can no longer satisfy the rapidly developing technology. 5. The mass spectrum can be used to provide unique information concerning the molecular structure of some unknown compounds. 6. They will apply these new methods provided they are effective enough.

1. A temperature change (буде причиною) volume changes in concrete. 2. No attempt was made (пояснити) asymmetry of the spectrum. 3. In developing this theory the chemical stability of noble gas atoms (була взята до уваги). 4. (У разі) of bad results the experiment is to be carried out again. 5. The solution will be evaporated (за умови) the temperature is very high. 6. They (забезпечили) us with all glassware necessary for the test. 7. (Таким чином) the element was extracted without any difficulty. 8. This (випадок) was difficult and we couldn’t explain it. 9. They can (ледве) fulfill this test without his help. 10. Hydrogen could be (знайдений) in the free state in atmosphere.

Specialists consider hydrogen to be an extremely promising energy source. The reserves of hydrogen are known to be practical unlimited, it containing almost three times more thermal energy then benzene. Another plus is that hydrogen can be used as fuel in transport, industry and at home.

Extensive use of hydrogen as an energy source will help keep the environment clean – hydrogen combustion produces simply the vapour of distilled water. Hydrogen is easy to transport and store. It could be shipped over large distances using conventional pipe-lines.

Even today, it costs several times less to transport hydrogen by pipe-lines than to transmit electricity across huge power lines. Like any gaseous fuel it could be accumulated and kept for a long time either in conventional or natural reservoirs.

Scientists have found many ways of producing hydrogen on a commercial scale – basically from ordinary water. Large volumes of this fuel could be obtained from coal, its reserves being tremendous.

Дата добавления: 2015-01-03