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Text 4. Local access providers
Computers can connect to the Internet through local access providers, computer services that operate in most communities. The user pays the provider a monthly fee. To gain access to the Internet, the user contacts the provider via modem. The provider then connects the user to the Internet. On-line services are commercial computer networks to which subscribers pay monthly or hourly fees. The largest on-line services have millions of subscribers. Most services provide news, bulletin boards, databases, games, software libraries, and other features, often including Internet access. Electronic mail (e-mail) is one of the most-used features available on the Internet and through on-line services. Just as every Web site or Internet location has an electronic address, so does every individual computer connected to a local access provider or on-line service. Individuals and businesses use these addresses to send one another messages known as electronic main (e-mail). The user can write an e-mail message in a word-processing program, then transfer it to a communications program. The user can also write the message in an e-mail form, a box displayed on the monitor. Most communications software and on-line services provide e-mail forms. After completing the message, the user can attach nontext material, such as graphics files, to it. The user then addresses the message. The user can send the message to several addresses without rewriting it. The user merely enters all the addresses as instructed by the computer. The computer automatically enters the sender’s electronic address, making response easy. An ‘electronic mailbox’ at each computer address stores the mail. Another type of electronic communication, called chat, is like a conversation among several people. Computer users connect their computers over the Internet or through an on-line service and type messages to one another. The individual networks are known as chat rooms.
Exercise 25. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbs given below. Translate the sentences. (For, by, on, without, as, to, through, among) 1. Indexing services enable users to search … specific information … entering the topic that interests them. 2. The indexing service searches the Internet … sites that contain information … those topics. 3. The user can send the message to a few addresses … rewriting it. 4. The individual networks are known … chat rooms. 5. Computers can connect … the Internet … local access providers. 6. Local area network is dedicated to sharing data … several single-user workstations.
Exercise 26. Give equivalents to the following words. If necessary look through the previous texts: look for, install, quickly, by means of, in case of, finally, receive, in fact, with the appearance of, enormous, choose, look through, include, placed, put in, work, finish, be called, command.
Exercise 27. Translate the following sentences into English paying attention to the underlined word combinations.
Exercise 28. Memorize the following speech patterns. Use them in sentences of your own.
Enable smb to do smth, let smb do smth; after / before the message was completed, after / before completing the message; the most interesting information, most information, much of information; make it possible to do smth; make smth available to smb / smth; make smth easy; keep smth secure; be like; be known as, be refered to as; in the late 1980’s, in the early 1990’s, during the 1970’s and 1980’s, without doing smth.
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