Employment law. Employment law to be subjected to discrimination paternalistic child-care leave ensure an employee’s length of service

LIST OF WORDS

employment law	to be subjected to discrimination
paternalistic	child-care leave
ensure	an employee’s length of service
dismiss	medical care
applicant	contract of employment
right to strike	discharge of one’s duties
safety in the workplace	grievance
working hours	probation service, trial period
minimum wage	provide for
advance notice	principal statement
redundancy	overtime pay
retirement age	to seek legal advice
unfair dismissal	employee's performance
enjoy equal rights	job description
Labour Code	by-the-hour wage
covenant	piece wage
to conclude collective agreements	wage rate
vocational training	salary scale
promotion	monetary payment
to safeguard	in-kind payment
to be entitled to	maternity leave
occupational safety	termination of employment
provisions of law	expiration of the term of the contract
covered by a treaty	reinstatement of employee
to take preference	by approbation
to deteriorate	disability
generally accepted principles	marital status
to be deemed	injured feelings
to enshrine the obligation	collective bargaining

Ex. 1. Match the following words with their definitions and learn them.

ensure, applicant, employment, safety, dismiss, paternalistic, redundant, rule

1. Systems or beliefs that reflect or are characteristic of paternalism.

2. Freedom from danger, harm, or risk.

3. Somebody who is no longer needed, because his job is being done.

4. To make (something) certain to happen.

5. Someone who formally asks to be given something, such as a job or a place at a college or university.

6. To stop before a result is reached.

7. To give an official decision (on).

8. The availability of jobs for the population of a town, area, or country.

To show that you understand the above words, choose the best word to complete the following sentences.

1. If you want to ______ that you catch the plane, take a taxi.

2. He was assured of his daughter’s ______.

3. ______ attitudes are of no good for this business.

4. Seventy men at the factory were made ______ because of falling demand of our product.

5. We had 250 ______ for the job.

6. The judge ______ all the charges against Smith.

7. The court has ______ in favour of the sacked employee.

8. They were asking for guarantees of full ______ and wages.

Ex. 2. Match the terms in the left hand column with their definitions in the right hand column. Learn them and give their Russian equivalents.

appointment, remuneration, confidentiality, termination, period of employment, notice period, holidays, sick pay, grievance procedure, hours of work, expiry of appointment

1. How the contract may be ended.

2. Procedures for handling disagreements.

3. Rules about publishing information.

4. Rules for payment when the employee is away as a result of illness.

5. The date when the present contract comes to an end.

6. The fixed term of the contract.

7. The number of working days when the employee can be away from work.

8. The pay package.

9. The period of advance notice required to terminate the contract.

10. This describes the title and general employment of the employee.

11. When and how the employee is expected to discharge his/her work duties/duty.

Ex. 3. Fill in the gaps with the words given below. Make necessary changes.

suit, recreational, overtime, discrimination, few, opportunity, accident, security, job, low-cost, overwork, effort, industrial-related, dismiss, penalty, shortage, legal, case

The main law about sexual ¹⁾ ______ simply asks employers to make ²⁾ ______ to reduce discrimination, without imposing clear duties or ³⁾ ______. However, as in other aspects of Japanese society, it is not clear if the low level of ⁴⁾ ______ activity necessarily means that employees have ⁵⁾ ______ rights. It certainly seems to be the ⁶⁾ ______ that workers have to work very long hours and often do not ask for ⁷⁾ ______ payment. Despite the current labor ⁸⁾ ______ which has encouraged employers to hire women to do more responsible and better paid work than before, very few women enjoy, equal employment ⁹⁾ ______. In addition, many ¹⁰⁾ ______ remain closed to workers of non-Japanese origin, even those who have lived all their lives in Japan. On the other hand, Japanese workers enjoy more ¹¹⁾ ______ than many employees in western countries. Once hired, they are unlikely to be ¹²⁾ ______. Insurance benefits and ¹³⁾ ______ facilities are usually made available to them by their companies, and many workers are able to live in big cities only because their employers provide ¹⁴⁾ ______ accommodation for them. One legal development in Japan which has yet to be spread to western countries is law ¹⁵⁾ ______ against the employers of workers who had died of karoushi — not a specific ¹⁶⁾ ______ in the workplace or ¹⁷⁾ ______ disease, but general stress brought about by ¹⁸⁾ ______.

Ex. 4. Match the words in the left hand column with their synonyms in the right hand column and learn them:

1. occupational safety	a) agreement, contract, understanding, arrangement
2. promotion	b) exposed, subjugated
3. covenant	c) to ensure, to secure
4. length of service	d) priority, primacy, preference, supremacy
5. compliance 6. to deteriorate	e) encouragement, incentive, furtherance, advancement
7. to safeguard	f) compulsion, duty, responsibility, commitment
8. to be subjected to smth	g) to worsen, to impair, to diminish, to decrease
9. covered	h) protected, shielded, guarded, sheltered, defended
10. precedence	i) conformity, accordance, correspondence
11. obligation	j) safety in the workplace
12. to guarantee	k) duration, record of service
	l) to protect, to guard, to defend

Ex.5. These sentences are part of the UK Employment Rights Act 1996. In each case, choose the correct word or phrase to complete them.

1. An employee who waives / intends / submits to return to work earlier than the end of her maternity leave period shall give to her employer not less than seven days’ information / provision / notice of the date on which she intends to return.

2. If an employee attempts to return to work earlier than the end of her maternity leave period without complying with / referring to / relying on subsection 1, her employer shall be entitled to / subject to / requested to postpone her return to a date such as will secure that he has seven days' notice of her return.

Ex.6. Read the extracts from the contract of employment and fill in the gaps with derivatives of the words in brackets. Give Russian equivalents for the words in bold type.

1. Subject as hereinafter ¹⁾ ______ (provision) and except at such times as the Consultant may be incapacitated by ²⁾ ______ (ill) or accident, the Consultant shall devote such of his time, ³⁾ ______ (attentive) and skill as may be necessary for the proper discharge of his duties, save that nothing in this Agreement shall require the Consultant to devote to his ⁴⁾ ______ (oblige) under this Agreement more than 60 hours ⁵⁾ ______ (month).

2. The Consultant shall keep the Board of Directors of the Company (‘the Board’) ⁶⁾ ______ (information) of progress on projects in which the Consultant is engaged and shall produce ⁷⁾ ______ (write) reports on the same from time to time when so ⁸⁾ ______ (request) by the Board. While the Consultant’s method of work is his own, he shall comply with the ⁹⁾ ______ (reason) requests of the Board and shall work and cooperate with any ¹⁰⁾ ______ (serve) or agent or other consultant of the Company.

3. The Consultant will not during his ¹¹⁾ ______ (engage) [and for a period of twelve months thereafter ] undertake any ¹²⁾ ______ (add) activities or accept other engagements which would ¹³⁾ ______ (interference) with or preclude the ¹⁴⁾ ______ (perform) of his duties under this Agreement or which lead to or might lead to any conflict of ¹⁵⁾ ______ (interesting) between the Consultant and the best interests of the Company.

Ex. 7. Below is an extract from a skeleton contract of employment for a full-time employee. The key word/phrase from each section has been removed. Complete the text using the words/phrases from the box. Make sure you know their Russian equivalents:

commencing salary, date of commencement, duties and responsibilities, grievance, holiday entitlement, notice, pension, position, probationary service, sickness pay, terms and conditions

1. You have been appointed to the ______ of administrative assistant.

2. Your ______ will be as detailed in the attached Job Description, but this Job Description should not be regarded as exclusive or exhaustive. There will be other occasional duties and requirements associated with your appointment.

3. The ______ of your continuous service with this company is 1 January 2009.

4. Your specific ______ are contained in the Employees’ Handbook issued by the company, as well as in existing collective agreements negotiated by this company.

5. Confirmation of your appointment will be subject to your satisfactory completion of 3 months’ ______.

6. Your ______ is £20,000 per annum, paid monthly in arrears. Overtime is not payable.

7. Your ______ entitlement is 30 days in any calendar year.

8. Your annual ______ is 25 days which cannot be carried over.

9. The minimum period of ______ to which you are entitled is 3 months.

10. Your position with regard to ______ is set out in the explanatory booklet attached.

11. If you have a ______ relating to your employment, you should refer to the complaints procedure outlined in the booklet attached.

Ex. 8. Many countries have employment legislation which prohibits discrimination against employees. A number of discriminatory practices have been banned. Below are some key grounds on which bias in employment is specifically outlawed. Link the ground with its description.

Description	Ground
a) Where the job applicant will give birth in the near future.	1. race 2. sex
b) Where the candidate comes from a country in the developing world.	3. religion 4. colour
c) Where the person is over 40.	5. national origin
d) Where the employee is homosexual.	6. physical disability
e) Where the prospective employee is a woman.	7. age
f) Where the employee has a young family.	8. pregnancy
g) Where the employee belongs to a lesser known sect.	9. childbirth 10. medical conditions
h) Where the applicant is dark-skinned.	related to childbirth
i) Where the employee has been sick as a result of pregnancy.	11. sexual orientation
j) Where the applicant has a bodily handicap, but will still be able to perform the job.
k) Where the candidate is non-European.

Ex 9. Making an employee redundant is one of the tougher tasks. So it needs to be done with care and sensitivity. Below is a letter of redundancy. The sentences have been mixed up. Put them into order.

1. Details of your forthcoming redundancy and severance pay are enclosed.

2. Finally, I shall, of course, be only too pleased to supply any prospective employer with a reference on your behalf.

3. I am writing in connection with our discussion of earlier today.

4. Yours sincerely,

Anne O’Dwyer

Personnel Manager

5. It is with much regret that I must ask you to accept this letter as formal notice of the redundancy of your position as administrative assistant with effect from 30 September 2001.

6. Dear Ms Bailey

7. On behalf of the Company, I would like to thank you for the services you have given us in the past and wish you every success in the future.

8. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you need clarification.

9. The Company will gladly grant you reasonable time off with pay for the purposes of attending job interviews or undertaking any training for alternative employment.

10. The services of the Personnel Department will, of course, be freely available to assist you in obtaining suitable alternative employment.

Ex.10. Read the text and translate it into Russian in writing:

The main source of labour legislation in the Republic of Belarus is the Labour Code, in force since the 1st January 2000 and lastly amended in June 2006. The Labour Code enumerates sources of labour law, such as the Constitution of Belarus, the Labour Code and other legal acts, collective agreements, and local normative acts concluded or issued in conformity with the legislation.

All employees are covered by the provisions of the Labour Code. However, a vast majority of employment contracts are regulated by the Presidential Decree No. 29 dated 1999 “On additional measures on improving employment relations, strengthening labour and executive discipline”, which makes most safeguards meaningless, as the contracts are concluded for a fixed period of time (1-5 years), and on expiration of this period, there is no obligation to renew the employment contract. Therefore, since 2001, most employment contracts in Belarus are concluded for a fixed, rather than an indefinite term.

Read the text. Be ready to discuss it.

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