Match each of the following types of court (1-9) with the explanation of what happens there (a-i)

Complete the sentences below using the words in the box.

Find words in Exercise 5 which match these definitions. Consult the glossary if necessary.

1. rules issued by a government agency to carry out the intent of the law; authorised by a statute, and generally providing more detail on a subject than the statute

2. law enacted by a town, city or county government

3. draft document before it is made into law

4. legal device used by the European Union to establish policies at the European level to be incorporated into the laws of the Member States

5. formal written law enacted by a legislative body

bill directive ordinance regulations statutes

1. The Town Council will conduct a public hearing regarding a proposed ………........... concerning property tax.

2. According to the ……………. concerning working time, overtime work is work which is officially ordered in excess of 40 hours in a working week or in excess of eight hours a day.

3. Early this year, the government introduced a new ……………….. on electronic

commerce to Parliament.

4. A number of changes have been made to the federal ……………. governing the seizing of computers and the gathering of electronic evidence.

5. The European Union ……………… on Data Protection established legal principles aimed at protecting personal data privacy and the free flow of data.

Types of courts

Courts can be distinguished with regard to the type of cases they hear.

1. appellate court (or court of appeals, appeals court)

2. crown court

3. high court

4. juvenile court

5. lower court (or court of

first instance)

6. magistrates’ court

7. moot court

8. small-claims court

9. tribunal

a. This is where a person under the age

of 18 would be tried.

b. This is the court of primary jurisdiction,

where a case is heard for the first time.

c. This is where small crimes are tried in

the UK.

d. This is where law students argue

hypothetical cases.

e. This is where a case is reviewed which

has already been heard in a lower court.

f. This is where cases involving a limited

amount of money are handled.

g. This is where serious criminal cases are

heard by a judge and a jury in the UK.

h. This is where a group of specially chosen

people examine legal problems of a

particular type, such as employment disputes.

i. This is usually the highest court in a

jurisdiction, the court of last resort.

Persons in court

8. Complete this diagram with the words and definitions below.

a. expert witness

b. appellant

c. person who is sued in a civil lawsuit

d. officer of the court whose duties include keeping order and assisting the judge and jurors

e. person who pleads cases in court

f. hypothetical person who uses good judgment or common sense in handling

g. practical matters; such a person’s actions are the guide in determining whether an individual’s actions were reasonable

² Listening _______________________________________________________

9. Xð 1.1 Listen to a lawyer telling a client about some of the documents involved in his case and answer these questions.

1. What claim has been filed against the client?

2. Will the case go to trial?

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