Exercise 6:Complete the dialogues. Use should, ought to, had better

Exercise 4:Following are some phone conversations. Complete the dialogues. Use may I, could I, can I.

Help

Leave

Speak/talk

Take

1. A: Hello?

B: Hello. Is Dick here?

A: Yes, he is.

B: _______ to him?

A: Just a minute. I’ll get him.

2. A: Hello. Dean Black’s office.

B: ________ to Dean Black?

A: May I ask who is calling?

B: Susan Abbott.

A: Just a moment, Ms. Abbott. I’ll connect you.

3. A: Hello?

B: Hi. This is Bob. __________ to Steve?

A: Sure. Hang on.

4. A: Good afternoon. Dr. Anderson’s office. _________ you?

B: Yes. I’d like to make an appointment with Dr. Anderson.

A: Fine. Is Friday morning at ten all right?

B: Yes. Thank you.

A: Your name?

5. A: Hello?

B: Hello. _____________to Mary?

A: She isn’t at home right now. ________ a message?

B: No thanks. I’ll call again later.

6. A: Hello. ____________to Ann?

B: She isn’t here right now.

A: Oh. _________ a message?

B: Certainly. Just a minute. I have to get a pen.

4-2. ASKING FOR ASSISTANCE: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, CAN YOU, WILL YOU

Polite questions	Possible answers	People use would you, could you, can youto ask polite questions. The questions ask for someone’s help or cooperation.
a)Would you please open the door? b)Could you please open the door? c) Can you please open the door?	Yes. Yes, of course. Yes. Certainly. Of course. Certainly. I’d be happy to. I’d be glad to. Sure (informal) Okay (informal) My pleasure (informal)

Exercise 5: complete the dialogues. Use a polite question in each.

answer the phone for me say that again

get the door for me turn it down

open the window turn the volume up

pick some up

1. T. It’s getting hot in here. Would/Could/Will/Can you please open the window?

S. Of course. I’d be happy to./Sure/etc.

T. Thank you. /Thanks.

S. You’re welcome.

2. S1. The phone is ringing, but my hands are full. ________________________

S2. ____________________________________________________________

S1. ____________________________________________________________

S2. No problem.

3. S1. I’m trying to study but the radio is too loud. _________________________

S2. ____________________________________________________________

S1. ____________________________________________________________

S2. That’s okay. No problem.

4. S1. I’m trying to listen to the news on TV but I can’t hear it. _______________

S2. ____________________________________________________________

S1. ___________________________________________________________

S2. Don’t mention it.

5. Husband: Honey, I’m out of razor blades. When you go to the store _________

Wife: _________________________________________________________

Husband: _______________________________________________________

Wife: Anything else?

4-3 EXPRESSING ADVICE: OUGHT TO, HAD BETTER, SHOULD

a) My clothes are dirty. I should/ought to/had better wash them.	Should, ought to, had betterhave basically the same meaning. They mean: This is a good idea. This is good advice.
b) You need your sleep. You shouldn’t stay up late.	Negative: should +not = shouldn’t
c) I’d better stay home d) You’d better do smth e) He’d better go to bed

Note: Ought to is usually not used in the negative.

The negative had better is had better not and it often carries a warning.

You had better not be late. If you are late you will get into trouble.

borrow some money hold your breath

call the landlord and complain marry somebody who is rich

call the police put cotton in your ears

drink a glass of water see a dentist

find a new apartment send her a dozen roses

find a new girlfriend soak it in cold water

get a job speak English outside of

class every day

go back to the restaurant and ask if take it back to the store

someone found them

use a dictionary when he writes watch TV a lot

1. A: I have a toothache. This tooth hurts. What should I do?

B:

2. A: I have the hiccups. What should I do?

B:

3. A: Ali wants to improve his English. What should he do?

B:

4. A: I don’t have any money. I’m broke. I can’t pay my rent. I don’t have enough

money to pay my bills. What should I do?

B:

5. A: Someone stole my bicycle. What should I do?

B:

6. A: I cut my finger. I got blood on my sweater. My finger is okay, but I’m

worried about my sweater. What should I do?

B:

7. A: Tom’s spelling isn’t very good. He makes a lot of mistakes when he writes

compositions. What should he do?

B:

8. A: Ann bought a new tape recorder. After two days it stopped working. What

should she do?

B:

9. A: The refrigerator in my apartment doesn’t work. The stove doesn’t work.

The air conditioner doesn’t work. And there are cockroaches in the kitchen.

What should I do?

B:

10. A: I asked Mary to marry me. She said no. What should I do?

B:

11. A: I left my sunglasses at a restaurant yesterday. What should I do?

B:

12. A: My husband snores. I can’t sleep at night. What should I do?

B:

Exercise 6: Complete the sentences. Use shouldn’t + the expressions in the list or your own words.

be cruel to animals give too much homework

be late for an appointment miss any classes

drive a long distance smoke

exceed the speed limit throw a trash out of your car window

1. If you’re tired, you _______

2. Cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health. You ____________

3. A good driver ________________

4. A teacher ____________________

5. A student ____________________

6. Littering is against the law. You _________________

7. It’s important to be punctual. You ________________

8. Animals have feelings. You _____________________

4-4 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO, MUST

a)I have a very important test tomorrow. I have to (have got to, must)study tonight.	Have to, have got to, musthave basically the same meaning. They express the idea that something is necessary. Have tois used much more frequently than mustin everyday speech and writing. Have got tois generally used only in informal speech and writing.
b)I have to(“hafta”) go downtown today. c) I’ve got to(gotta”) study tonight. d) Mary has to(“hasta”) go to the bank.
e) I had tostudy tonight.	The past form of have to, have got to, must (meaning necessity) is had to.

Note: Must means that something is very necessary; there is no other choice. Must is used much less frequently than have to in everyday speech and writing. Must is a strong word.

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