Unit 9 consolidation

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UNIT 8 COMPOUND WORDS

Словосложение – это объединение полнозначных слов или их основ в сложное слово. Вновь образованное сложное слово пишется слитно или через дефис:

airfield – аэродром (air - воздух, field - поле)

air- base - авиабаза (air - воздух, base - база)

airman – авиатор (air - воздух, man - мужчина)

schoolday – школьный день (school - школа, day - день)

birthplace – место рождения (birth – рождение, place - место)

Сложные слова могут состоять из двух существительных, первое из которых приобретает значение прилагательного. В этом случае слова пишутся отдельно.

Например: service dress – форменная одежда, одежда для службы (service – служба, dress – платье), shop window – витрина (shop – магазин, window - окно), skim milk – снятое молоко (to skim – снимать (накипь и т.д.), milk – молоко).

8.1 Read, analyse and translate these words.

bathroom, bathrobe, bookcase, bookshelf, note-book, fireplace, fireman, fire-bug, hairbrush, hair-do, hair- cut, ice-box, ice-boat, raincoat, raindrop, rainbow, waterfall, water-pot, snowfall, snowflake, snowstorm, money-box, hush-money, evergreen, godlike, handshake, toothpick, footprint, next-door, just-married, new-comer, peace-lover, bone-setter, sunshine, sunshade, sunstroke, sun-up.

8.2 Combine the words in A with the words in B to from the following words. Write them down.

Новорожденный, глубоководный, овальный, разносчик газет, новомодный, смертность, красавец (амер.), дальтонизм, выставочный зал, окольный путь, очень высокий, линия горизонта, лунатик, пароход, кратковременный, вековой, лаконичный, раскаленный добела, бокал (рюмка), резчик по дереву, образное описание, ежегодник, водонепроницаемый.

1 deep- 13 steam- a) old m) spoken

2 year- 14 short- b) cutter n) shaped

3 word- 15 new- с) hot o) looker

4 short- 16 good- d) walker p) blindness

5 water- 17 side- e) fashioned q) proof

6 new- 18 news- f) boy r) line

7 egg- 19 sky- g) sea s) ship

8 death- 20 white- h) rate t) lived

9 colour- 21 wine- i) room u) glass

10 sky- 22 wood- j) way v) picture

11 age- 23 show- k) high w) book

12 sleep l) born

8.3 It’s interesting. Read and try to guess the meaning of the following words which can characterize some features of a person.

open-hearted, sweet-hearted, feather-brained, empty-headed, grey-headed, bull-headed, even-minded, high-minded, high-handed, high-spirited, low-spirited, low-born, higher-up, swift-handed, long-legged, snub-nosed, green-eyed, wide-shouldered, good-humoured, dog-tired, good-for-nothing, touch-me-not, well-to-do, cat-and-dog (life), strongly-built, chicken-hearted, one-eyed, stay-at-home, stone-blind, double-faced.

9.1 Translate the words. Mind the formation of different parts of speech.

1) l o ng – l e ng th – to l e ngth en

str o ng – str e ng th – to str e ngth en

high – h ei ght – to h ei ght en

2) br oa d – to br oa d en - br ea d th

d ee p – to d ee p en – d e p th

w i de – to w i d en – w i d th

3) dark – to dark en – darkn ess

thick – to thick en – thickn ess

light – to light en – lightn ess

black – to black en – black ness

weak – to weak en – weak ness

9.2 Read the words given below. State the part of speech. Translate the words into Russian.

A) to add – addition – additional, large – enlarge – enlargement, to create – creation – creator – creative – creatively, to divide – division – divisible – indivisible, to desire – desire – desirable – undesirable, to vary – variety – various – variable – invariable, to appear – appearance – disappear – disappearance, to act – act – active – activity – actor – action – activate – activation, long – length – to lengthen, possible – impossible – impossibility, depend – dependence – independence, differ – different – difference – indifferent, product – productive – unproductive – productivity – production, to compare – comparison – comparative – comparatively

B) consequent – consequently – consequence, to flood – flood – floodable, to deteriorate – deteriorating – deterioration, contaminate – contaminated – contaminating – contamination – contaminant, to erode – eroded – erosive – erosion, include – inclusion – inclusive – inclusively – inclusiveness, mount – to mount – mountain – mountaineer – mountainous, move – movable – mover – movement, to preserve – preserve – preservation – preservative, relate – related – relation – relationship – relative – relatively – relativity

9.3 For questions 1-8 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

If you are (0)…… interested…	INTEREST
in the life of birds you should know that birds do not …..(1)	USUAL
fly very high and we can ……(2)see them	EASY
flying from the ground. A lot of birds when on …….(3)	MIGRATE
fly from 100 to 400 metres high as the ……..(4)shows. Some	EQUIP
birds, like penguins, cannot fly, but they are good ……..(5)	SWIM
and good ……..(6)too.	JUMP
They ……….(7)jump into and	QUICK
out of water and they look so ……(8)when they walk.	FUN

9.4 For questions 1-12 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

In downtown New York city, ……(1)	WORK
were digging. This was only one of many ……(2)	CONSTRUCT
sites in the city, but this one would be ……..(3)	DIFFER
This site was surrounded by steel and glass skyscrapers. Eventually, an office ……..(4)	BUILD
would rise here, too. Now, however, an …….(5)	USUAL
type of …….(6)	ACTIVE
was occurring. Something appeared strange. The ……(7)	WORK
were not constructing a ……..(8)but were unearthing	BUILD
an old ship. Can you imagine a ship under the busy streets of Manhattan? The …….(9)	EXPLAIN
is very simple. …….. (10)	BUILD
must search sites for ……..(11)treasure.	HISTORY
The ……(12)is very strict. The ship had been discovered during such a search.	REQUIRE

9.5 For questions 1-12 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

The English language is ……..(1) growing and	CONSTANT
changing. No one has ever included every word from the language in a single dictionary. To do that would mean to …(2)	WRITE
the dictionary every day, which is …..(3).	POSSIBLE
But people have a lot of ….(4)	INFORM
about the ……(5)	GROW
and ……(6)	DEVELOP
of the language, its ……(7).	EXPAND
Scholars have …..(8)ideas of how any new	VARY
discovery contributes to the process of new words …..(9).	ADOPT
When people are faced with a new …..(10)	SITUATE
and they do not have a word for its …..(11)they sometimes	DESCRIBE
make up one. But no one makes a formal ……(12) about it.	DECIDE

9.6 For questions 1-10 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

Many …….(1) begin to have trouble when they start	READ
to read passages about …..(2) subjects.	FAMILIAR
Such people often …..(3) the passage as they cannot tell	UNDERSTAND
what the …..(4) of the sentence is.	MEAN
They come across …..(5) words which prevent	KNOWN
the process of …..(6). There are	COMPREHEND
many ….(7) ideas that can help you and the first is,	USE
“Don’t get …..(8).	NERVE
Try and read the passage …..(9), learn from context.	ATTENTIVE
Pay …..(10) to what the rest of the passage says.	ATTENTIVE

9.7 For questions 1-12 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

English has a very …….(1)	EFFICIENCY
method of adding words …..(2)!	BORROW
As an English ……(3)travels the globe he adds a wealth	SPEAK
of words from other languages. By the 1600’s the English were …….(4)	ACTIVE
involved in ……(5)	EXPLORE
They were looking for countries to establish trade …..(6)	CONNECT
with. In those countries a …..(7)	TRAVEL
was exposed to new ideas, climates full of heat and ….(8)	ICE
cold, …..(9)	DIFFER
plants and animals. Rather than make up …..(10)	END
rows of new words for everything he saw an ……(11)often used the words of the natives. These	EXPLORE
words became an …..(12) part of the English vocabulary.	IMPORT

9.8 For questions 1-8 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

The weather affects many aspects of our lives and ……(1)	RESEARCH
are constantly looking for ways to …….(2)accurate forecasts.	PRODUCT
Our ……(3) to predict the weather depends on the information we have.	ABLE
Special …….(4) is used to collect weather data, including amount of rainfall, temperature and wind speed and direction	EQUIP
from all over the world. Computers make a ……(5) between	COMPARE
these present-day figures and ……..(6) records then try to predict the future on the basis of the past. Large computers	HISTORY
also help to produce a …….(7) picture of the likely weather using a model of the Earth in their memories.	DETAIL
Even with these aids, nature is so ……(8) that our forecasts are accurate for only a few days.	PREDICT

9.9 For questions 1-12 read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

The greatest figure of the French theatre is no doubt Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (1622-1673), known by his stage name of Moliere. He got his …….(1)at a Jesuit college.	EDUCATE
Moliere may have taken part in the school theatrical ……(2)	PRODUCE
Jesuit colleges were …….(3)	FAME
for them. At 21 he gave up his law ….(4)and began working	STUDY
for the theatre. For about thirteen years he lived the life of an …….(5)	ACT
Once his company appeared at the Court of Louis XIV at the Louvre and showed the …….(6)	PERFORM
of one of Moliere’s own comedies, which was very …….(7)	SUCCESS
From then on, the company settled in Paris and Moliere became one of the best known ……….(8)	WRITE
of comedies. He was ……..(9)devoted to the theatre,	WHOLE
managing a company, acting in and writing plays. He died a few hours after his …….(10)	APPEAR
in his play, The Imaginated Invalid, on the stage of the Palais-Royal. He was responsible for many ………(11)	ENTERTAIN
at the Palace of Versailles and for plays produced at Court. Moliere’s company together with two other companies became the foundation of the Comedie Française, France’s …………(12) theatre.	NATION

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