Part III. Phonetic Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

Part II. Stylistic Classification of the English Vocabulary

Part I. Introduction

General Notes on Style and Stylistics 9

Expressive Means (EM) and Stylistic Devices (SD) 25

General Notes on Functional Styles of Language 32

Varieties of Language 35

Brief Outline of the Development of the English Literary (Standard) language 41

Meaning from a Stylistic Point of View 57

General Considerations 70

Neutral, Common Literary and Common Colloquial Vocabulary 72

Special Literary Vocabulary 76

Terms 76

Poetic and Highly Literary Words 79

Archaic, Obsolescent and Obsolete Words 83

Barbarisms and Foreignisms 87

Literary Coinages (Including Nonce-Words) 92

Special Colloquial Vocabulary 104

Slang 104

Jargonisms 109

Professionalisms 113

Dialectal Words 116

Vulgar Words or Vulgarisms 118

Colloquial Coinages (Words and Meanings) 119

General notes 123

Onomatopoeia 124

Alliteration 126

Rhyme 128

Rhythm 129

Part IV. Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

Intentional Mixing of the Stylistic Aspect of Words 136

Interaction of Different Types of Lexical Meaning 138

Interaction of Primary Dictionary and Contextually Imposed Meanings 139

Metaphor 139

Metonymy 144

Irony 146

Interaction of Primary and Derivative Logical Meanings 148

Stylistic Devices Based on Polysemantic Effect, Zeugma and Pun... 148

Interaction of Logical and Emotive Meanings.. 153

Interjections and Exclamatory Words 154

The Epithet 157

Oxymoron 162

Interaction of Logical and Nominal Meanings 164

Antonomasia 164

Intensification of a Certain Feature or a Thing or Phenomenon 166

Simile 167

Periphrasis 169

Euphemism 173

Hyperbole 176

Peculiar Use of Set Expressions 177

The Cliché 177

Proverbs and Sayings 181

Epigrams 184

Quotations 186

Allusions 187

Decomposition of Set Phrases 189

Part V. Syntactical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

General Considerations 191

Problems Concerning the Composition of Spans of Utterance Larger than the

Sentence 193

Supra-Phrasal Units 1()4

The Paragraph 198

Compositional Patterns of Syntactical Arrangement 202

Stylistic Inversion 203

Detached Construction 205

Parallel Construction 208

Chiasmus (Reversed Parallel Construction) 209

Repetition 211

Enumeration 216

Suspense 218

Climax (Gradation) 219

Antithesis 222

Particular Ways of Combining Parts of the Utterance (Linkage) 225

Asyndeton 226

Polysyndeton 226

The Gap-Sentence Link 227

Particular Use of Colloquial Constructions 230

Ellipsis. 231

Break-in-the-Narrative (Aposiopesis) 233

Question-in-the-Narrative 235

Represented Speech 236

Uttered Represented Speech 238

Unuttered or Inner Represented Speech 241

Stylistic Use of Structural Meaning 244

Rhetorical Questions 244

Litotes 246

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