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ГЕРУНДИЙ

I like seeing a good film.

Seeing a good film is a pleasure.

We thought of seeing a film after supper.

He went home without seeing the film.

Упражнение 396

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. Repairing cars is his business. 2. It goes with­out saying. 3. Have you finished writing? 4. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very healthy. 5.1 like skiing, but my sister prefers skating. 6. She likes sitting in the sun. 7. It looks like raining. 8. My watch wants repairing. 9. Thank you for coming. 10. I had no hope of getting an answer before the end of the month. 11. I had the pleasure of dancing with her the whole evening. 12. Let's go boating. 13. He talked without stopping. 14. Some people can walk all day without feeling tired. 15. Living in little stuffy rooms means breathing poisonous air. 16. Iron is found by digging in the earth. 17. There are two ways of getting sugar: one from beet and the other from sugarcane. 18. Jane Eyre was fond of reading. 19. Miss Trotwood was in the habit of asking Mr. Dick his opinion. 20. His father disliked wasting time on such trifles. 21. Avoid making mistakes if you can.

326 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Герундий

22. The neighbours saved our life by lending us that money. 23. Beethoven continued writing music af­ter he became deaf. 24. Don't make so much fuss over losing your money.

Упражнение 397

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

A: I'm really looking forward to going to New York.

B: Are you? I'm not. I can't stand visiting noisy cities.

A: But New York is wonderful. I love seeing the sky­scrapers, the museums, the historical monu­ments, the Statue of Liberty...

li: T hate visiting museums. I'm not looking forward t,o going at all.

Л: Oli, it's so exciting! I like listening to the mi нш<1н of New York — the traffic, the different

/I Tim noliiel I run tell you, I dislike visiting noisy

i II Inn! Л Oh. < oiih< on! II'II In- Inn. New York's n great big

inch in/¹, pot. мГ people from all over the world.

And the world capital is worth seeing. I want to

go to the Big Apple. It's so interesting!

Упражнение 398

В следующих предложениях замените придаточ­ные дополнительные герундием с предлогом of.

• E.g. She thought she would go to the country for the weekend.

She thought of going to the country for the weekend.

1. I thought I would come and see you tomor­row. 2.1 am thinking that I shall go out to the coun­try tomorrow to see my mother. 3. What do you think you will do tomorrow? — I don't know now; I thought I would go to the zoo, but the weather is so bad that probably I shan't go. 4. I hear there are some English books at our university bookstall now. — So you are thinking that you will buy some, aren't you? 5. I thought I would work in the library this evening, but as you have eome, I won't go to the library. 6. We were thinking we would plant roses this year.

Упражнение 399

В следующих предложениях замените придаточ­ные времени герундием с предлогом after.

• E.g. When she had bought everything she needed, she went home.

After buying everything she needed, she went home.

1. After she took the child to the kindergarten,

she went to the library to prepare for her exam. 2. When he had made a thorough study of the sub­ject, he found that it was a great deal more impor­tant than he had thought at first. 3. After I had hesi­tated some minutes whether to buy the hat or not, I finally decided that I might find one I liked better in another shop. 4. When she had graduated from the university, she left St. Petersburg and went to teach in her hometown. 5. When he had proved that his theory was correct, he started studying ways and means of improving the conditions of work in very deep coalmines.

ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Герундий

Формы герундия
	Active	Passive
Indefinite (Simple)	writing	being written
Perfect	having written	having been written
Что значат эти формы? Рассмотрите предложения, иллюстрирующие значение разных форм герундия.
Что он любит?
Indefinite (Simple)	Active	He likes telling fairy tales. рассказывать
Passive	He likes being told fairy tales. чтобы ему рассказывали
Чем он гордится?
4м О * Q) Q.	Active	He is proud of having spoken to this outstanding person. что поговорил
Passive	He is proud of havinq been spo­ken to. что с ним поговорили

Упражнение 400

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. She has always dreamt of living in a small house by the sea. 2. She disliked living in her old house. 3. She was thinking of buying a new one.

4. Now, she enjoys living in a beautiful new house.

5. She misses seeing the neighbours of course.

6. Usually she enjoyed talking to them and didn't mind helping them. 7. She likes cooking and is very good at it. 8. But she doesn't like washing and iron­ing. 9. She hates getting up early, but she has to. 10. She doesn't mind working a lot, you know. 11. She enjoys driving an expensive car. 12. She has always dreamt of travelling round the world. 13. But she hates flying and she's never been overseas. 14. She has risen to be head of the company in spite of being a woman in a man's world. 15. She loves meeting peo­ple because she can't bear being alone. 16. She loves talking to the press and appearing on TV shows. 17. She enjoys being photographed because she thinks she's beautiful. 18. She hates being laughed at. 19. She likes being stared at because she thinks she's attractive. 20. But she hates being ignored.

Упражнение 401

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные формы герундия.

1. The place is worth visiting. 2. Watching foot­ball matches may be exciting enough, but of course it is more exciting playing football. 3. She stopped com­ing to see us, and I wondered what had happened to her. 4. Can you remember having seen the man be­fore? 5. She was terrified of having to speak to any­body, and even more, of being spoken to. 6. He was on the point of leaving the club, as the porter stopped him. 7. After being corrected by the teacher, the stu­dents' papers were returned to them. 8. I wondered at my mother's having allowed the journey. 9. I under­stand perfectly your wishing to start the work at once. 10. Everybody will discuss the event, there is no pre­venting it. 11. At last he broke the silence by inviting everybody to walk into the dining room. 12. On being told the news, she turned pale.

330 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Герундий

Запомните следующие глаголы и выражения, требующие после себя герундия:
to avoid to burst out	to excuse to finish	to keep (on) to mind^1
cannot help to deny to enjoy	to forgive to give up to go on	to postpone to put off to stop

Упражнение 402

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. I avoided speaking to them about that matter. 2. She burst out crying. 3. They burst out laughing.

4. She denied having been at home that evening.

5. He enjoyed talking of the pleasures of travelling.

6. Excuse my leaving you at such a moment. 7. Please forgive my interfering. 8. He gave up smoking a few years ago. 9. They went on talking. 10. He keeps in­sisting on my going to the south. 11. Oh, please do stop laughing at him. 12. Do you mind my asking you a difficult question? 13. Would you mind com­ing again in a day or two? 14. I don't mind wearing this dress. 15. She could not help smiling. 16. I can­not put off doing this translation. 17. Though David was tired, he went on walking in the direction of Dover. 18. Her husband used to smoke, but he stopped smoking two years ago. But it was too late.

19. Have you finished washing the dishes yet?

20. Don't be nervous! Stop biting your nails! 21. He
postponed going to New York as he fell ill.

¹ Только в вопросительных и отрицательных предложе­ниях: a) Do you mind me smoking? b) I don't mind having a dog in the house. См. Cambridge International Dictionary of English, с 899.

Упражнение 403

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя ге­рундий.

1. Перестаньте разговаривать. 2. Мы уже закон­чили чтение этой книги. 3. Продолжайте петь. 4. Вы не против того, чтобы открыть окно? 5. Он отрицал, что совершил преступление. 6. Я очень люблю рисовать. 7. Мы получили удовольствие от плавания. 8. Я не могла не согласиться с ним. 9. Он рассмеялся. 10. Она бросила курить. 11. Она избегала встречи с ним. 12. Мы отложим обсуж­дение доклада. 13. Наконец, они перестали сме­яться. 14. Она отрицала, что украла деньги. 15. Нам пришлось отложить поездку на дачу до следующей субботы. 16. Простите, что я потерял вашу ручку. 17. Когда она закончит писать сочине­ние? 18. Я не возражаю против того, чтобы остаться дома и поработать над моей новой книгой. 19. Пе­рестаньте дрожать. Избегайте показывать этим людям, что вы их боитесь. 20. Я не могу не беспо­коиться о них: они перестали писать. 21. Я не отри­цаю, что видел их в тот вечер. 22. Он не возражал против того, чтобы его осмотрели: он перестал при­творяться, что здоров. 23. Он не может меня про­стить за то, что я порвал его сумку. 24. Она отри­цала, что взяла мои часы. 25. Мальчик любит командовать своей сестрой. 26. Лучше отложить принятие решения. 27. Не могли ли бы вы дать мне книгу, когда закончите ее читать? 28. Ее сын пытался избежать ответа на ее вопросы, так как ему было стыдно, что он солгал ей прежде. 29. Он не мог не думать, что его сын совершил большую ошибку. 30. Простите меня, пожалуйста, что я открыла ваше письмо по ошибке. 31. Я перестала есть мясо и каждый день получаю удовольствие от более здоровой пищи.

332 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Герундий

Запомните следующие	глаголы и выражения,
требующие после себя герундияс определенными
предлогами:
to accuse of	to insist on
to agree to	to look forward to
to approve of	to object to
to be afraid of	to persist in
to congratulate on	to prevent from
to depend on	to succeed in
to dream of	to suspect of
to feel like	to thank for
to give up the idea of	to think of

Упражнение 404

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. Не was afraid of waking her. 2. I'm looking for­ward to going on holiday. 3. She congratulated her­self on having thought of such a good idea. 4. My friend succeeded in translating this difficult text. 5. She suspected him of deceiving her. 6. The poor peasant thanked Robin Hood heartily for having helped him. 7. He gave up the idea of ever hearing from her. 8. We are looking forward to seeing you again. 9. He has always dreamt of visiting other countries. 10. He persisted in trying to solve that difficult problem. 11. The cold weather prevented the girls from going for long walks. 12. Jane thought of leaving Lowood after Miss Temple's marriage.

13. They accuse him of having robbed the house.

14. He never agreed to their going on that danger­ous voyage. 15. He did not approve of her drinking so much coffee. 16. The teacher of mathematics did

not approve of his pupils dreaming. 17. All the hap­piness of my life depends on your loving me. 18.1 don't feel like seeing him. 19. I insist on being told the truth. 20. I object to his borrowing money from you. 21. I stretched out my hand to prevent her from falling.

Упражнение 405

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя ге­рундий.

1. Благодарю вас, что вы прислали мне такие красивые цветы. 2. Его обвинили в том, что он продал важные государственные секреты. 3. Он отрицал, что продал их. 4. Он настаивал на том, что невиновен. 5. Он боялся, что его посадят в тюрьму. 6. Шум в соседней комнате мешал мне думать. 7. Я думаю о том, чтобы поехать на юг летом. 8. Мальчик отрицал, что его постоянно ругают и наказывают. 9. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы поговорить с ним. 10. Я с нетерпением ждал встречи с братом. 11. Мне что-то не хочет­ся сегодня играть в лото. 12. Ей удалось сделать очень хороший перевод этого трудного текста.

Упражнение 406

Раскройте скобки, употребляя герундий в актив­ной или пассивной форме.

1. Why do you avoid (to speak) to me? 2. She tried to avoid (to speak) to. 3. The doctor insisted on (to send) the sick man to hospital. 4. The child insisted on (to send) home at once. 5. Do you mind him (to examine) by a heart specialist? 6. He showed no sign of (to recognize) me. 7. She showed no sign of (to surprise). 8. He had a strange habit of (to inter­fere) in other people's business. 9. I was angry at

334 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Герундий

(to interrupt) every other moment. 10. He is good at (to- repair) cars. 11. He was very glad of (to help) in his difficulty. 12. On (to allow) to leave the room, the children immediately ran out into the yard and began (to play). 13. In (to make) this experiment, they came across some very interesting pheno­mena. 14. The results of the experiment must be checked and rechecked before (to publish). 15. David was tired of (to scold) all the time. 16. The watch requires (to repair)¹. 17. The problem is not worth (to discuss)¹. 18. Jane Eyre remembered (to lock) up in the red room for (to contradict) Mrs. Reed.

Упражнение 407

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му герундия.

1. The machine needs (to clean)¹. 2. I am quite se­rious in (to say) that I don't want to go abroad. 3. He seemed sorry for (to be) inattentive to his child. 4. She confessed to (to forget) to send the let­ter. 5. The old man could not stand (to tell) what he should do. 6. Going to the party was no use: he had no talent for (to dance). 7. The Bronze Horseman is worth (to see)¹. 8. After thoroughly (to examine) the student, the professor gave him a satisfactory mark. 9. After thoroughly (to examine) by the examination commission, the student was given a satisfactory mark. 10. She accused him of (to steal) her purse.

11. She reproached me for (not to write) to her.

12. This, job is not worth (to take)¹. 13. After (to look) through and (to mark) the students' papers, the

¹ Обратите внимание, что после глаголов to want, to need, to deserve, to require, а также после слова worth употребляет­ся active gerund, хотя по значению он passive.

E.g. My watch needs repairing (а не being repaired).

teacher handed them back. 14. After (to look) through and (to mark), the papers were handed back to the students. 15. These clothes want (to wash)¹.

16. David was very glad of (to find) his aunt.

17. Excuse me for (to break) your beautiful vase.

18. You never mentioned (to be) to Greece. 19. She was proud of (to award) the champion's cup.

20. I don't remember ever (to meet) your sister.

21. I don't remember (to ask) this question by any­body. 22. The cat was punished for (to break) the cup. 23. The cat was afraid of (to punish) and hid itself under the sofa.

Упражнение 408

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му герундия.

1. The girls were busy (to pack) when one of them suddenly remembered (to leave) the milk on the stove which was probably boiling over. 2. Little David couldn't bear (to recite) his lessons in the presence of his stepfather and Miss Murdstone. They fright­ened him so that he couldn't help (to make) mistakes though he tried hard to avoid (to displease) them and (to scold). 3. I landed in London on an autumn evening. My friends expected me home for the holi­days, but had no idea of my (to return) so soon. I had purposely not informed them of my (to come), that I might have the pleasure of (to take) them by surprise. And yet I had a feeling of disappointment in (to receive) no welcome. I even felt like (to cry). 4. The girl was proud of (to choose) to represent the sportsmen of the school at the coming competition. She thanked her classmates for (to choose) her and promised to do her best to win.

¹ См. сноску на стр. 334.

336 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Герундий

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