Герундий в функции прямого дополнения

ФУНКЦИИ ГЕРУНДИЯ В ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИИ

Герундий в функции подлежащего. Going on expeditions is his favourite occupation. Поездка в экспедицию — его любимое дело (Ездить в экспедицию — его любимое занятие).

His going on an expedition surprised everybody. To, что он поехал (едет) в экспедицию, удивило всех.

Не likes going on expeditions.

Он любит ездить в экспедицию.

Не hates being asked about it.

Он очень не любит, когда его об этом спрашивают.

I can't find my book: I remember having put it on the table.

Я не могу найти мою книгу: я помню, что положил ее на стол.

В функции прямого дополнения герундий чаще всего употребляется после следующих глаголов:

}-

- кончать, оканчи- вать - прекращать, перестать извинять, прощать to avoid — избегать

to like to hate to begin

to start to continue

to stop \ to cease to excuse

to keep to finish

ллюбить, нравиться

(очень) не любить

начинать

продолжать

to prefer to regret to want to enjoy

to mind to feel like

to go on to keep on to give up

- предпочитать

- сожалеть о

- нуждаться в

- получать удо-вольствие от, нравиться

- быть против, воз-

ражать

- быть склонным,

испытывать желание

— продолжать

— прекращать, бросать, отказаться от

и после следующих сочетаний

cannot help it is no use it is no good it is useless

— не мочь не

бесполезно, нет смысла

it is worth (while)

to be worth } - стоит (того, чтобы), стоит

Упражнение

1. Переведите.

1. We all like listening to his lectures.

2. They started working two days ago.

3. His coming so late seemed strange to everybody.

4. Do you mind closing the door?

5. Do you mind my closing the door?

6. Examining the manuscript through a lense gave interesting results.

7. Excuse my being so late.

8. We regretted our having missed the opening lecture.

9. We regret his not being sent to the conference.

10. There is hardly any person who likes being criticized.

11. Stop asking me about it.

12. It is worth while remembering this rule.

13. These words are worth remembering.

14. I can't help laughing when I think of it.

15. I don't feel like telling them all about our plans.

16. He hates being interrupted.

17. It's no use arguing now.

18. He gave up smoking last year.

19. Your watch wants repairing.

20. It was no good asking him.

21. I prefer speaking to him myself.

Герундий в функции косвенного дополнения.

The archaeologists succeeded in excavating several new sites.

Археологам удалось раскопать несколько новых участков.

В функции косвенного дополнения герундий употребляется после следующих глаголов с предлогом:

to aim at — стремиться к, ставить целью

to fall to — начинать, приниматься

to turn to — обращаться к

to insist on (upon) — настаивать на

to keep from — удержать от, помешать

to prevent from — мешать, препятствовать

to succeed in — удаваться

to complain of — жаловаться на

to think of (about) — думать о

to accuse of — обвинять в

to suspect of — подозревать в

to object to — возражать, быть против

to credit with — приписывать (кому.. что)

to be fond of — очень любить

to provide for — предусматривать

to be capable of — быть способным на (к)

to be furious at — очень рассердиться, прийти

в ярость to be on the point of — собираться Сделать что-то

(чуть не...) to be in the habit of — иметь обыкновение

после сочетаний существительного с предлогом:

for fear of — из опасения, из страха

in terror of — боясь, что...

in the hope — в надежде

with the object of — с целью, с тем чтобы

on a charge of — по обвинению в

после сложных предлогов:

far from — далеко от того, чтобы; далеко не instead of — вместо того, чтобы

Упражнения

2. Переведите следующие предложения, стараясь в русском переводе, еде возможно, использовать придаточные предложения.

1. Не insisted on taking part in the conference.

2. He insisted on your taking part in the conference.

3. He insisted on being taken to the concert.

4. I object to your discussing this problem now.

5. We hear of his being appointed secretary.

6. She insisted on a telegram being sent to his mother.

7. I never thought of going there without you.

8. They never complained of the conditions of their work being too hard.

9. We spoke about including her in the list.

10. We spoke about her having been included in the list.

11. Nothing can prevent him from taking this step.

12. I have no objection to your smoking downstairs, but. please refrain from doing so on this floor.

13. I cannot accuse him of being lazy, but still he is rather poor at his English.

14. She took a taxi for fear of missing her train.

15. He is in the habit of getting up very early and waking all his family.

3. Переведите предложения. Определите функцию герундия (подлежащее, прямое или косвенное дополнение).

1. Не was always fond of visiting new scenes and observing strange characters and manners.

2. He was educated at Oxford, and devoted himself to the study of medicine, but his weak health prevented him from becoming a physician by profession.

3. Travelling around the above-mentioned African countries I could not help comparing their development with that of Tajikistan.

4. This book aims at acquainting advanced students of English with the language as used by the best masters of contemporary English literature.

5. It is worth noting in this connection that there are at least two kinds of analysis practised by science.

6. In the United States after the October Revolution the volumes of Mrs. Garnett's translations of Chechov kept on appearing, and his influence grew.

7. The Puritans were far from being the earliest among the English colonists of North America.

8. Since then I have thought seriously of writing an article for your magazine myself.

9. Anthropologists have been in the habit of studying man under three rubrics of race, language and culture.

10. They proceeded very cautiously for fear of being caught.

11. All these communities relied mainly on hunting, fowling and fishing.

12. Then as now, sweet potatoes were the staple food. Eyrau ^l complains in one of his letters of having to eat them all day long.

13. The author regrets that the scope of this work precludes him from giving in a popular manner the results that they have obtained.

14. With one or two rare exceptions the novelists of the 19th century never succeeded in drawing convincing men and women of the working class.

15. One of the conclusions is that without language there is no understanding among people, and without under-

¹ Eyrau — Эйро, имя путешественника. 112

standing there is no chance of their being able to work together.

16. From these examples it is easy to see that climate by itself, is capable of influencing culture.

17. Elizabeth ² hindered France from giving effective aid to Mary Stuart ² by threats of an alliance with Spain.

18. Some old inscriptions are found in which the writing instead of always beginning either at the right or the left, runs back and forth.

19. This novel took Goncharov some twenty years to write, during which process he repeatedly kept changing or even eliminating certain portions.

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