Lesson 12

the most important commercial species (2)

1. Read the words.

Black spine shad

Dolgin shad

Caspian shad

Caspian kilka

Anchovy kilka

Caspian trout

Caspian inconnu

2. Master the words.

trout - форель

shad - шэд (западноевропейская сельдь)

kilka - тюлька, каспийская килька

Caspian shad - каспийский пузанок

whitefish - сиг (Coregonus); сиговые

inconnu - нельма, белорыбица

3. Read the words and put down their Russian equivalents:

fish catches __________________________________________

fish rearing _______________________________________

commercial kilka stock ________________________________

natural reproduction ___________________________________

natural spawning grounds _______________________________

4. Add suffix –ness. Translate the words.

tight

salt

big

natural

5. Read the text and define the meaning of new words.

Translate the text.

Herrings (Clupeuiae), Only 9 of 18 species and subspecies have a commercial importance in the Caspian, among them the most important are three kilka species Black spine shad, Dolgin shad and Caspian shad.

The Caspian kilka constitutes 70% in the fish catches in the basin. At the present time, its stock is in a stable condition and shows an increasing trend. The commercial kilka stock increased from 585 thousand tons in 1991 up to 784 thousand tonnes in 1998. The main share in catches belongs to Anchovy kilka (Cl. Shgmuliformis).

Salmons (Sulmonidac). Salmons include one species inhabit­ing the Caspian Sea - Caspian trout. Whitefish (Coregonidae) is represented by Caspian inconnu. Both of these species are anadromous. Due to the Volga and Kura damming, they lost access to the natural spawning grounds and a possibility for natural reproduction. The fish hatcheries contribute to their conservation.

Caspian salmon is sub-specie of Caspian trout. It inhabits mainly the Southern Caspian. Due to damming of the rivers, their pollution and shallowing, natural reproduction practically halted and existence of this species is supported through fish rearing that is recently almost not conducted.

Caspian salmon is in danger of disappearance. For its restoration it is necessary to renew rearing juveniles up to 500-600 thousand pieces per year.

6. Define problems of commercial fish species. Make 10 questions to the text. Discuss the problems in the class.

7. Find a mistake in the sentence and correct it.

1. Only 9 species and subspecies have a commercial importance in the Caspian Sea.

2. Due to damming of the rivers, their pollution and shallowing, natural reproduction disappeared.

3. The main share in catches doesn’t belong to Anchovy kilka.

4. Turtle lost access to the natural spawning grounds and a possibility for natural reproduction due to the Volga and Kura damming.

5. Our farms renew Caspian salmon juveniles up to 500-600 thousand pieces per year.

8. Answer the question: What can government do to improve the situation? (Think of the ways to restore fish stock.)

Use the following modal verbs: can, may, must.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

9. Write an article for newspaper with a description of environmental and economic problems connected with fish rearing.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-26