What is Land Cadastre

Text 5A

UNIT 2. LAND CADASTRE

Lesson 5. STATEMENT ON LAND CADASTRE

1. Прочтите следующие слова:

Parcel, data, management, right, purposes, assist, up-to-date, improvement, legal, establishment, location, responsibilities, mortgage, jurisdiction, satellite, implementation, description, supervise.

2. Прочтите и переведите следующие группы слов:

Different forms, land parcel, equitable taxation, legal purposes, coordinate system, geometric description, land registry, cadastral data, land redistribution, different role, better access, private interests, land disputes, to maintain the equipment.

access (n.) – доступ

accuracy (n.) – точность

achieve (v.) – достигать

aerial photography – аэрофотосъёмка

circumstances (n.) – обстоятельства

constraint (n.) – разногласие, противоречие

conveyancing (c.) – составление нотариальных актов о передаче имущества

custody (n.) – хранение

customary land tenure – обычное землевладение

define (v.) – определять

demand (n.) – спрос, требование

(v.) – требовать

demarcation (n.) – разграничение, демаркация

easement (n.) – удобство, облегчение

encompass (v.) – охватывать

environment (n.) – окружающая среда

equipment (n.) – оборудование, аппаратура

government (n.) – правительство

joint venture – совместная компания, акционерное общество

leasehold (n.) – арендатор

lower the costs – понижать затраты

offer (v.) – предлагать

organizational arrangements – организационные структуры

mortgage (n.) – ипотека, закладная

parcel of land – участок земли

promote (v.) – содействовать

protection (n.) – защита

reliable (adj.) – надёжный

responsibility (n.) – ответственность, обязанность

restriction (n.) – ограничение

satellite position fixing – спутниковое определение местности

security (n.) – безопасность

trained personnel – обученный персонал

unfortunately (adv.) – к сожалению

utilities (n.) – коммунальные услуги, удобства

valuation (n.) – оценка, величина

value (v.) – оценивать

4. Прочтите и переведите текст 5А:

A Cadastre is normally a parcel based and up-to-date land information system containing a record of interests in land (e.g. rights, restrictions and responsibilities). It usually includes a geometric description of land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of the interests, and ownership or control of those interests. It often describes the value of the parcel and its improvements. It may be established for fiscal purposes (e.g. valuation and equitable taxation), legal purposes (conveyancing), to assist in the management of land and land use for planning and other administrative purposes. The Cadastre enables sustainable development and environmental protection. Cadastral Reform is concerned with the improvement of cadastral systems.

The Land Cadastre encompasses such information as land resource capacity, land tenure, land ownership and different land uses. The Cadastre provides:

- information identifying those people who have interests in parcels of land;

- information about those interests, e.g. land duration of rights, restrictions and responsibilities;

- information about the parcel, e.g. location, size, improvement, value.

Land tenure is concerned with the rights, restrictions and responsibilities that people have with respect to the land. The Cadastre may record different forms of land tenure such as ownership, leasehold, easements, mortgages and different types of common, communal or customary land tenure.

The Surveyor undertakes different roles in different countries in relation to the establishment and maintenance of the Cadastre. The Surveyor may be responsible for:

- cadastral surveying and mapping;

- recording of cadastral information;

- land valuation;

- land use planning;

- management of both the graphic and textual cadastral data bases;

- resolving land disputes;

- custody and supply of cadastral information.

Modern technology, such as up-to-date survey instruments, satellite position fixing (Global Positioning System – GPS), aerial photography and photogrammetry can offer new possibilities to increase the speed and lower the costs for cadastral reform. Computer technology can usually provide better access to information, better manipulation of cadastral data, better quality, and better legal and physical security. To fully utilize modern technology it is important to have trained personnel and facilities to maintain the equipment. Unfortunately this infrastructure is not found in many countries, thereby limiting the use of modern technology.

5. Найдите синонимы среди следующих слов:

Costs, deal, dispute, immediately, exact, transaction, sporadically, modern, ground, accurate, up-to-date, discussion, land, expenses.

6. Найдите антонимы среди следующих слов:

Informal, start, unfortunately, finish, partner, enemy, formal, fortunately.

7. Переведите следующие сочетания слов с русского на английский язык:

Разные страны; правительственные органы; обмен информацией; правовые вопросы; земельная регистрация; различные обстоятельства; организационные структуры; свободно доступный; лучшие манипуляции; новые возможности; систематический подход; перераспределение земли; надёжная информация; рынок земли.

8. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский язык:

1.Регистрация земли - это часть кадастровой системы. 2. Кадастр - это основное средство обеспечения информации о земле. 3. Землеустроители играют важную роль в различных странах. 4. Современный кадастр включает геометрическое описание земельных участков. 5. Специалисты должны проводить оценку земли. 6. Физическая демаркация на земле определяет границы участков.

9. Образуйте причастия настоящего времени от данных ниже глаголов. Составьте предложения, используя причастия в разных функциях:

To control, to establish, to improve, to assist, to use, to undertake, to find, to connect, to consider, to make, to promote, to increase, to protect, to allocate, to rely.

10. Переведите предложения на русский язык, определите функцию причастия настоящего времени:

1.All European countries are working today on the problem of automating land records. 2. This is what is now happening in the most countries. 3. Utilities such as water, sewerage, electricity and telecommunication are becoming more complex. 4. Starting with the most highly urbanized area, the cadastral maps are increasingly being digitized. 5. Soil damaging utilities must not be used. 6. Demands for efficient maintenance and management are increasing. 7. The Cadastre provides information identifying those people who have interests in parcels of land.

11. Заполните пропуски предлогами:

1.A land use planner undertakes different roles... different countries. 2. Modern technology can offer new possibilities... lower the costs... cadastral reforms. 3. A parcel can be an area... land with a particular type... land use. 4. Land registration is the official recording... legally recognized interests... land. 5. Cadastre helps... avoid duplication.

12. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. A land use planner plays different roles in different countries. 2. A surveyor is responsible for recording cadastral information. 3. Computer technology offers better access to information. 4. Limit of trained personnel restricts the use of modern technology. 5. Aerial photography and photogrammetry offer new possibilities to lower the costs for cadastral reforms.

13. Заполните пропуски, используя глаголы, данные в скобках:

1. A land use planner ____ different roles in different countries (to undertake). 2. Modern survey instruments ____ new possibilities (to offer). 3. The Cadastre ____ in the management of land and land use (to assist). 4. The Cadastre ____ different forms of land tenure (to record). 5. A successful Cadastre ____ reliable information at low cost (to provide).

14. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

What is а Cadastre? 2. What role does a land use planner play in different countries? 3. What is a land use planner responsible for? 4. Can computer technology provide better access to information? 5. Is it necessary to make careful investigation for cadastral reforms? 6. What kind of modern technology do you know? 7. Why should the Cadastre be managed by the government? 8. Is Cadastral Reforms concerned with the improvement of cadastral systems?

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