Unit 15 Inventions

Винсент Ван Гог

Винсент Ван Гог родился в Голландии в 1853 году. Перед тем как стать художником, он бы учителем. Он начал рисовать в возрасте 27 лет. В 1886 году он уехал из Голландии и присоединился к своему брату Тео, который жил в Париже. Здесь были нарисованы некоторые из лучших его картин. Прожив здесь два года, он переехал в южную Францию, потому что климат здесь был теплее. Но Ван Гог был душевнобольным. Во время одного из приступов сумасшествия он напал на друга, художника Поля Гогена. Во время другого приступа он отрезал себе часть уха. В конце концов он попал в больницу для душевнобольных, но состояние его не улучшилось. В итоге 27 июля 1890 года в маленькой деревне Винсент Ван Гог взял ружье, вышел в кукурузное поле и застрелился. 36 часов спустя Ван Гог умер у брата на руках. Его последние слова были: «Я надеюсь, что сделал правильно». Никто не рисовал так кукурузные поля и подсолнухи, как Ван Гог. Его картины полны красок и солнечного света. Сегодня его картины стоят миллионы фунтов, но при жизни он продал лишь одну.

Use of English

Infinitives. The –ing form.

We use the to-infinitive: · to express purpose. e.g. She signed the course to learn English. · after verbs as: advise, appear, agree, decide, expat, hope, manage, learn, offer, promise, refuse, teach, want,etc. e.g. I advised him to visit Helen. · after would love, would like, would prefer. e.g. I would like to order a cap of tea. · after certain adjectives as glad, difficult, happy, sorry, willingetc. e.g.It’s easier to swim downstream. · aftertoo and enough. e.g. This soup is too spicy for her to eat. · after the firs, the last, the next. She’s the next to get her passport. · after question words. I don’t know what to say. · verb + object + to infinitive. The infinitive without to We use the infinitive without to: · after modal verbs: can, could, may, might, will, would, must, etc. e.g. You can call him. · after the verbs: make, hear, feel, let, see. e.g. She made me feel bad. The –ing form We use the -ing form: · as a noun. e.g. Cycling is good for your health. · after like, love, dislike, hate, enjoy, prefer, etc. e.g. I enjoy cooking. · after prepositions. e.g. Before going to bed he turned off the lights. · after certain verbs as: avoid, admit, fancy, finish, imagine, keep, forgive (=continue) mind (=object to), regret, suggestetc. e.g. She suggested eating fresh fruit. · after the expressions: e.g. I am looking forward to seeing you again. · after certain nouns: e.g. We had problems finding our way back home. Words followed either by Infinitive or Ing -Form

Use of infinitive and the –ing form with	Example
same meaning	I started to read. / I started reading.
same meaning, but different use	She forbids us to talk. / She forbids talking.
different meaning	He stopped to smoke. (stop for a while in order to do sth else) / He stopped smoking. (finish, end) I am sorry I forgot to invite you. (not remember) / I will never forget meeting the President. (forget a past event) Try to stay out of the woods. (do one’s best, attempt) / That's a lot like trying to control them. (do sth as an experiment). We regret to inform you that have not been accepted. (be sorry). I regret shouting at her. (have second thought)

Note: the verbs see, watch, notice, hear and other verbs of perception can be followed by: object + infinitive without to or object + ing form. e.g. I saw him pass the church. I saw him passing the church.

Say whether the words/expressions below are followed by the a) infinitive, b) infinitive without to, c) –ing form, as in the example.

1. love

2. let

3. can’t stand

4. make

5. hope

6. promise

7. it’s not worth

8. want

9. decide

10. can’t

11. look forward to

12. refuse

13. there’s no point (in)

14. might

15. hear

16. must

17. how about

18. glad

19. seem

20. offer

Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets in the correct form of the infinitive or –ing form, as in the example.

Jeff: Ella?

Ella: Yeah? What’s up?

Jeff: I think we need 1) to take a break.

Ella: Oh, good. I’m so ready for one. Do you want 2) to go to the coffee shop around the corner? That has…They have those great lattes, so…

Jeff: Not that kind of break. We need 3) to take a break from our relationship.

Ella: What? Why?

Jeff: Well, let’s see. 4) To be honest, it’s Table.

Ella: What?

Jeff: Yeah.

Ella: Table’s amazing! We’re gonna be like Brangelina but Jalable.

Jeff: Table, Table, Table. That’s you all the time.

Ella: He’s my new toy. I have to pay attention to him. I’m trying 5) to adjust.

Jeff: This relationship is not functioning.

Ella: Does that mean we’re like 6) breaking up or…What do you mean?

Jeff: You know, take a break. Take a break!

Ella: I mean, can I even 7) text you or call you? I mean, how long am I supposed 8) to wait?

Jeff: In case of emergency, yes. But, you know, let’s 9) take three weeks. I’ll 10) be at my place 11) doing my thing. You and Table will 12) be at your place 13) doing all the things you love14) to do lately. You know, we’ll 15) sort of take some time apart. We’re not broken up. We’re together, but we need 16) to spend some time apart.

Ella: How is time apart 17) going to help anything? You’re going 18) to be over there and I’m gonna19) be over here, but we’re still together? That doesn’t make sense.

Jeff: It…Reevaluate why we’re in this relationship together. Maybe it’ll put a few things in perspective. The list goes on, baby.

Ella: I don’t like this.

Jeff: We need 20) to do this.

Fill in the correct form of the verbs in brackets (to infinitive or –ing form), as in the example.

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