Present Perfect

PRESENT PERFECT AND PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Grammar Point

The most visited monuments and museums every year in the Europe

(numbers per year)

Rank	Place	No of visitors
	The Pompidou Centre The Louvre The British Museum The Eiffel Tower The National Gallery Versailles	7.9 m 4.0 m 3.8 m 3.6 m 2.8 m 2.6 m

Ex. 15. Listen the dialogue and then read it aloud. Students while listening must try to put down the numbers.

Official: It’s not always a case of who comes in large numbers and how much they spend. The biggest spenders are still the Americans with one million four thousand and eighty six pounds.

Student: I suppose that the Japanese come a close second.

Official: No, not at all, in fact they are way down at number seven.

Student: So where do the big spenders come from?

Official: Europe. Germany is at number two with six hundred and thirty five million pounds with Ireland at number three with four hundred and twenty four million pounds and France at four and Italy at five close on their heels.

Student: So Britain is still popular with Europeans?

Official: Yes, of course.

Student: And how much do Japanese spend?

Official: A more than two hundred and eighty million coming well below the Australians at number six with three hundred and forty four million pounds and just above the Spanish at number eight with two hundred and eighty six.

Ex. 16. Check if you remember Present Perfect and Perfect Continuous. Choose the correct verb form.

1. I’ve	lost been losing	my passport
2. Have I	been seeing has seen seen	it anywhere?
3. Someone	has been eating has eaten	the chocolates! They are nearly all gone!
4. How many exercises	have you been doing have you done	today?
5. They	have traveled have been traveling	around Europe for 3 months
6. We	have spent have been spending	all our money for presents to our relatives
7. They	have been arranging have arranged	a special excursion for the group
8. He	has explored has been exploring	America’s history cities with the experienced sightseeing company
9. We	have been waiting have waited	for the tickets for two weeks but we haven’t got them

1. Present Perfect has three main uses:

a) It expresses a past action that has a present result. The action is usually in the recent past.

e.g. The taxi hasn’t arrived (We are still waiting for it).

b) It expresses the experience that happened at some time in one’s life. The action is in the past and finished, but the effect of the action is still felt. When the action happened is not important.

e.g. I have studied English in England.

c) It expresses an action which began in the past and still continues.

e.g. We have lived in the same house for 25 years.

2. Note the adverbs that are commonly used with Present Perfect.

Tables 1 – 3. F orms of Present Perfect.

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