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Once Removed, Twice Removed

First Cousins, Second Cousins

Family Relationship Chart

Your first cousins are the children of your aunts and uncles, or put another way, the nieces and nephews of your parents. That is pretty easy to figure out. You share the same grandparents with all of your first cousins. It gets trickier with second and third cousins.

Second cousins are the children of your parents’ first cousins, and share the same great-grandparents as you. Their grandparents are your grand aunt and uncle. Third cousins are the children of your parents’ second cousins. Third cousins are pretty distant, but you share the same great-great-grandparents. Your second cousins are related to you by 3.125%, while third cousins are related to you by only 0.781%

When speaking of family relationships, the phrase "once removed" means one generation up or down from you. Your first cousin’s child is your first cousin once removed, and your mother’s first cousins are also your first cousins once removed. Whether your first cousin once removed is in the generation above you or after you, you are related to him by 6.25%.

"Twice removed" is used for a relationship with a person two generations ahead or behind you. Your first cousin's grandchildren will be your first cousins twice removed. Looking back up the chart, you also have first cousins twice removed who are the first cousins of your grandparents. You are related to all of your first cousins twice removed by 3.125%, which happens to be how closely related you are to your second cousins. So, these groups of cousins are just as closely related, but in different ways.

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