Part II

Elementary School and High School

I. Read this text and translate it into Ukrainian.

IV. Be ready to speak on the topic.

III. Ask questions to each part of the text.

V. Match each English word in the left column with its Ukrainian equivalent in the right column:

1. public a) громада

2. kindergarten b) (шкільне) навчання, освіта

3. community c) вимагати

4. to identify d) державний

5. schooling e) клас (у школі)

6. grade f) канікули

7. to require g) святкувати

8. va­cation h) дитячий садок

9. to celebrate i) район

10. neighbourhood j) ототожнювати, розпізнавати

TEXT 12

Grammar schools teach language arts (reading, writing, spelling and penmanship), social studies (stressing history and geography), mathematics (up to and sometimes including algebra), science, physi­cal education and health. In addition, elementary school programs often include music, art and home economics.

High school subjects are more specialized. English classes empha­size writing, grammar and literature. Social studies are split into separate courses such as American history, European history and psychology. Year-long courses in algebra and geometry are followed by more advanced math work in trigonometry and pre-calculus. There are also specialized science courses in biology, chemistry and phys­ics. Many high school students study foreign language, usually Span­ish, French or German. Courses in music, art, home economics and consumer education are also available, along with various vocational courses. As in elementary school, health and physical education classes are generally required.

During the elementary school years, students are grouped into classes and each group stays together for the entire school day and the entire school year. Generally, the class has the same teacher for most subjects, although art, music and physical education are usu­ally taught by teachers who specialize in these areas. Also, in the upper elementary grades, students in some school systems have different teachers (but the same classmates) for their major academic subjects.

In high school, students move from one classroom to another and study each subject with a different teacher and a different group of classmates. Many high schools have what is commonly called a track­ing system, which groups students according to academic ability and motivation. Thus, more capable and hard-working students take more difficult courses. Depending on the subject, classes may be offered at two, three or even four different ability levels.

High school students have very busy day. Many take five or six academic subjects as well as physical education. During other peri­ods, students may be doing homework in a study hall, researching in the school library or participating in activities such as the school orchestra, student government and school newspaper or math club. Many extracurricular activities also meet after the school day ends. Students involved in time-consuming activities such as athletics, dramatics or music may be at school from very early in the morning until dinner-time. They help students find friends with similar interests, develop their talents, gain greater self-confidence and sometimes even dis­cover their career goals.

Дата добавления: 2015-05-24