The court system of England and Wales

Text C.Прочитайте текст С и переведите его на русский язык.

Unit 3. The court system of England and Wales

Заполните пропуски словами и выражениями из текста.

The System of Government and Lawmaking Process in Great Britain.

Unit 2. The System of Government and Lawmaking Process in Great Britain.

Text B .Прочитайте текст В и переведите его на русский язык.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nothern Ireland is a constitutional mornarchy. There are three branches of power: legislative, executive and judicial. Parliament makes laws, the government «executes» laws, i.e. puts them into effect, and the law courts interpret laws. Although the Queen is officially head of all three branches, she has little direct power. Parliament, the legislative body, consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

To become a law a bill must pass through Parliament in several stages. At first it is introduced in the House of Commons where it recieves a formal first reading. It is then printed and read a second time. After that it is discussed in detail and amended.

At the third reading it is debated. After that the bill goes to the House of Lords, where it passes the same procedure as in the House of Commons. Then the bill is signed by the Queen and becomes law.

Vocabulary:

brunch of power	ветвь власти	bill	законопроект
legislative	законодательная	introduce	представлять
executive	исполнительная	amend	вносить поправку
judicial	судебная	sign	подписывать
head	глава	put into effect	приводить в действие

2. Выпишите все глаголы, связанные с существительным «a bill» и переведите эти сочетания на русский язык.

a) The UK is a ______ monarchy.

b) There are ______ of power.

c) Parliament consists of ______ and ______.

d) A bill must ______ in several stages.

e) It is discussed ______ and ______.

The court is a state body that administers justice on behalf of the state. There is a variety of courts in England and Wales (the system in Scotland is different). The decisions of a higher court are binding upon lower courts. The most common type of law court in England and Wales is the magistrates’ court. More serious criminal cases then go to the Crown Court, civil cases (for example, divorce or bankruptcy cases) are dealt with in County courts. Appeals are heard by higher courts. The highest court of appeal in England and Wales is the House of Lords. Certain cases may be referred to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg.

Vocabulary:

to administer justice	отправлять правосудие	lower court	суд низшей инстанции
on behalf of the state	от имени государства	to be binding upon	быть обязательным для
higher court	суд высшие инстанции

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