Living in a Big City

Unit I

Problems of Big Cities

Module II

Typescript 2 to ex. 4.20

Tapescript 1 to ex. 4.19

Tapescripts

Appendix 2

“ Living at University”

Most British students choose to go to university a long way from their home town: university is seen as a time to be independent, to live away from home and develop new interests.

British students do not have to pay to go to university, but they do need money to live away from home while they are studying. Some students whose parents do not earn a lot of money are given a grant (money) from the local education authority. If students do not get a grant, parents are expected to pay for their children. Some students borrow money from the bank which must be paid back after they leave university. In theory, the grant pays for rent, food, books, transport and socializing. In fact, the grant is not a lot of money.

Students used to work during the holidays to earn more money, but it is now difficult to find such jobs. The result is that more students are dropping out, failing to finish their courses.

“Universities and Colleges”

Most big towns in Britain have both a university and a college of higher education. There are 91 universities in Britain and 47 colleges of higher education. Universities offer three- and four-year degree courses; colleges of higher education offer both two-year HND (Higher National Diploma) courses, as well as degree courses.

A degree is the qualification you get from university when you pass your final exams. You are then awarded a BA (Bachelor of Arts), BSc (Bachelor of Science) or BEd (Bachelor of Education).

Undergraduates, students who are studying for degree, go to large formal lectures, but most of the work takes place in tutorials: lessons in groups of ten or more when the students discuss their work with the lecturer.

1.1. Прочитайте и изучите слова и словосочетания.

accommodation (n) [əkכmə´deı∫n]	– помещение, жилье, квартира
advantage (n) [əd´va:ntıd3 ]	– преимущество
advantage of (over)	– преимущество над …
air (n) [εə]	– воздух
fresh air	– свежий воздух
be able to do smth	– уметь, мочь, быть в состоянии делать что-либо
cheap (adj) [t∫ı:p]	– дешевый
choice (n) [t∫כıs]	– выбор
wide choice	– широкий выбор
city (n) [´sıtı]	– большой город
city centre [sıtı ´sentə]	– центр города
city-dweller (n) [sıtı ´dwelə]	– горожанин, обитатель
country (n) [´kLntrı]	– страна, деревня
countryside (n) [´kLntrısaıd]	– сельская местность
in the countryin the countryside	}	– за городом, в сельской местности, в деревне
crowd (n) [kraud]	– толпа
be crowded	– быть переполненным
expensive (adj) [ık´spensıv]	– дорогой, дорогостоящий
feed (v) (fed, fed) [fı:d]	– кормить
feel (v) (felt, felt) [fı:l]	– чувствовать
feel bored [´fı:l ´bכ:d]	– наскучить
feel lonely [´fı:l ´lounlı]	– чувствовать себя одиноким
find (v) (found, found) [faınd]	– находить
find accommodation	– найти жилье
job (n) [d3כb]	– работа
have a job	– иметь работу
well-paid job	– хорошо оплачиваемая работа
look for (v) [´luk ´fכ]	– искать
noise (n) [nכız]	– шум
noisy (adj) [´nכızı]	– шумный
particularly (adv) [pə´tıkju:ləlı]	– особенно, в особенности
pollute (v) [pə´lu:t]	– загрязнять
polluted (p.II) [pə´lu:tıd]	– загрязненный
pollution (n) [pə´lu:∫n]	– загрязнение
prefer (v) [prə´fə:]	– предпочитать
prefer peace	– предпочитать спокойствие
relax (v) [rı´læks]	– расслабляться
rush hour [´rL∫ auə]	– час пик
space (n) [speıs]	– пространство
open space	– свободное пространство
town (n) [taun]	– небольшой город
home town	– родной город

1.2. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Do you live in a city, town or in the country?

2. Do you like your home city (town)? Why and why not?

3. Now you study and live in Novosibirsk. Is it a town or a city? Why do you think so?

4. What city (town) do you like better? Why?

1.3. Прочитайте и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на форму прилагательных.

a) Novosibirsk is big.

Moscow is bigger.

Mexico is the biggest of the three cities.

b) The life in Novosibirsk is expensive.

The life in St. Petersburg is more expensive than in Novosibirsk.

The life is Moscow is the most expensive.

c) The accommodation in cities is expensive.

The accommodation in towns is less expensive.

The accommodation in the countryside is the least expensive. It is cheap.

1.4. Ответьте на вопросы, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных.

a) Is Moscow bigger than Novosibirsk?

Which city is the biggest? (Novosibirsk, Moscow, Mexico)

Is your home city (or town) bigger or smaller than Novosibirsk?

b) Is the life in St. Petersburg more expensive than in Novosibirsk?

Which is the most expensive city of the three? (Novosibirsk,

St. Petersburg, Moscow)

Is the life in your city (town) more expensive or cheaper than in

Novosibirsk?

1.5. Прочитайте и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особые случаи образования степеней сравнения.

a) There are a lot of good places to relax in Novosibirsk.

Countryside is a better place to relax when it is hot.

I think the Black Sea coast is the best place to spend holiday on.

b) The weather is bad today.

Yesterday it was worse.

Last week it was the worst.

c) Novosibirsk is far from Moscow.

Krasnoyarsk is farther from Moscow than Novosibirsk.

Khabarovsk is the farthest of the three cities.

1.6. Прочитайте предложения, обращая внимание на использование сравнительных конструкций:

as…as, not so…as, not as… as.

a) The life in Novosibirsk is noisy.

The life in Ekaterinburg is as noisy as in Novosibirsk.

The life in Berdsk is not so noisy as in Novosibirsk.

b) The air in some cities is polluted.

The air in some industrial towns is as polluted as in some cities.

The air in the countryside is not as polluted as in cities.

1.7. Прочитайте прилагательные. Устно образуйте степени сравнения. Сгруппируйте их в три колонки в соответствии со способом образования степеней сравнения.

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