Сослагательное наклонение (Subjunctive Mood) в условных предложениях II и III типа

Grammar revision

Методические рекомендации:

Для того, чтобы правильно выполнить задания раздела, вам необходимо изучить и усвоить материал по указанным темам грамматики, опираясь на школьные знания грамматики английского языка и тот справочный материал, который представлен в данном модуле в разделе 2.3.

Следующие тренировочные задания распределены по трём уровням сложности (А, В, С), что помогает проверить и оценить глубину и качество усвоения материала

Максимальная оценка знаний на первом уровне (А) –6 баллов, на втором

(В) – 8 баллов, на третьем (С) – 10 баллов.

(A) Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences into Russian and state the type of Subjunctive Mood (type II, type III).

1. If the new equipment had been delivered in time yesterday, there would have been no problem at all.

2. If we had enough petrol, we could cover another hundred miles today.

3. If you could come back to life two hundred years from now, you would find not only the world and its activities transformed, but also its languages.

4. I would have written to tell you this long ago, if you had given me your address.

5. If you had decided which area you are interested in, you wouldn’t have chosen the wrong profession.

(A) Exercise 2. Put the verb into the correct form.

1. If he …(have) all the necessary materials, he would certainly finish the work in time.

2. If we had a choice, we … (live) in the country.

3. If you … (think) more realistically about your future profession, you would have decided to be a civil engineer.

4. I didn’t know you were in hospital. If I … (know), I … (go) to see you.

5. If he … (be) in Minsk, he would be at our meeting.

6. If the engineer had tested his device, he … (find) a mistake.

(B) Exercise 3. Transform the sentences so as to make reference to the past.

1. If the electric car were used instead of conventional car, we would have minimal maintenance and repair costs and no air pollution.

2. If I knew the number, I would phone him.

3. If I became an engineer, I would design an absolutely safe car.

4. If he got higher education, he would make a good technician.

5. If the machinery on our farm were in good order, we would harvest the crop in time.

(B) Exercise 4. Finish the following sentences using Subjunctive Mood.

Model: If he had known this rule… (to make so many mistakes).

If he had known this rule, he wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.

1. It’s a pity Mary isn’t here now. If she were here now…(to begin an experiment).

2. If you were a design engineer … (to find a practical solution).

3. I am sorry you didn’t come yesterday. If you had come yesterday…(to introduce you to my parents).

4. If he had used theory…(to produce more practical answers).

5. If I had practical skills in manufacturing and maintenance …(to apply for this job).

(B) Exercise 5. Write a sentence with if for each situation.

Model: We don’t see you very often because you live so far away.

If you didn’t live so far away, we’d see you more often.

1. This tractor is too expensive, so we are not going to buy it.

2. I can’t meet you tomorrow. I have to work late.

3. It’s raining, so we can’t have lunch outside.

4. I’m not a mechanical engineer, so I can’t repair this car.

5. I don’t want his advice, and that’s why I’m not going to ask for it.

(B) Exercise 6. Supply the appropriate auxiliary verb.

1. If I were free I … help you with pleasure.

2. If we …tested this material we … have used it in our work.

3. If supercomputers … not been used for thermodynamic calculations, designers would … spent all their lives on computations.

4. If we had … told about the lecture on engineering mechanics, we … have come by all means.

5. If there … no computers, space flights … be impossible.

6. If he … had all the necessary books, he would … made his report in time.

(C) Exercise 7. Answer each question. Begin with “No, but if …”.

1. Are you rich?

2. Do you have a car?

3. Do you have your own combine – harvester?

4. Do you speak Chinese?

5. Are you a qualified specialist?

(C) Exercise 8. Begin your response with “But if I had known…”.

1. There was a conference yesterday. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t go.

2. There was a test yesterday. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t study.

3. Your friend was in hospital. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t visit him.

4. I had a problem. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t offer to help.

5. John wanted to go to a football match. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t buy another ticket.

(C) Exercise 9. Finish the following questions. Ask your friend to answer them.

What would you do if you…(to meet a school friend; to fail in the examination; not to enter a university; to be late for the lecture; not to understand some English words in the text).

What would have happened if you … (not to help her; not to work much; not to test a new tractor).

Where would you go tonight if you … (not to be free; not to have much homework; not to be busy).

(C) Exercise 10. Ask your partner what would he (she) do in the following situation:

You are offered two jobs. One is interesting but badly paid; the other is boring but well paid. Which one would you accept?

Образование и употребление: сослагательное наклонение (Subjunctive Mood) после I wish…,if only…, as if…,as though.

(A) Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences into Russian and state the type of Subjunctive Mood. (Type I, II)

1. I wish I worked in the open air.

2. I wish I had studied science instead of languages.

3. If only I could speak Italian.

4. If only they had given me a chance.

5. Our life goes on as if nothing had happened.

6. He speaks English as if it were his mother tongue.

(B) Exercise 2. Write sentence beginning I wish …

Model: I don’t know many people. (and I am lonely).

I wish I knew more people.

1. I don’t have a car. (and I need one)

2. I can’t find a solution to this complicated task. (and I need it for my future work)

3. I live in a big city. (and I don’t like it)

4. I don’t know anything about cars. (and my car has just broken down)

5. I’m not a mechanic engineer but I’m very interested in tool-making and machine-building.

(B) Exercise 3. Use I wish instead of it’ s a pity. Make all the necessary changes.

Model: It’s a pity I am so busy today.

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