Основные формы глагола

ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB)

УЭ-5

Контрольный тест

К упр. 8 (IV).

К упр. 7 (IV).

К упр. 6 (IV).

К упр. 5 (IV).

К упр. 4 (IV).

К упр. 3 (IV).

К упр. 2 (IV).

К упр. 1 (IV).

Ключи

1. He showed them to them.

2. It is for them.

3. She saw her yesterday.

4. He went to it with her.

5. He bought it yesterday.

6. He spoke to him about it.

7. They are looking at it,

8. She is sitting with her near it.

1. her; yours.

2. his; hers.

3. your; mine.

4. our; theirs.

5. my; yours.

6. ours.

7. your.

8. their

I.

1. yourself

2. himself

3. herself

4. himself

5. herself

6. myself

7. yourselves

8. themselves

II.

1. themselves

2. himself

3. ourselves

4. themselves

5. herself

6. myself

7. yourselves

8. yourself

9. ourselves

10. yourself

11. himself

1. who

2. which

3. what

4. which

5. which

6. which

7. which

8. what

9. which

10. who

11. whose

12. what

13. who

14. whose

1. This is my pencil, and that is yours.

2. This is our room, and that is yours.

3. These are my books and those are yours.

4. These are the pictures of Kiev and those are of Odessa.

5. What‘s this? - This is (it is) the picture of Minsk.

6. What’s this? – It’s a map of Africa.

I. 1. some 2. any 3. some, some 4. any 5. some 6. some, any 7. any

II. 1. some, any 2. some 3. some 4. any 5. any 6. any 7. any 8. some

III. 1. anything 2. anybody 3. anything (anybody) 4. something 5. anybody 6. anybody (anyone) 7. anything 8. somebody 9. anybody 10. anything

1. many

2. much

3. many

4. much

5. many

6. much

7. many

8. many

9. much

10. much

11. much

1. a few

2. a few

3. a few

4. little

5. a little

6. a little

7. little

8. a little

9. little

10. few

1. her

2. us, our

3. him

4. it

5. his

6. it

7. they

8. you

9. their, it

10. them

11. her, it

12. they

13. I, you, I

14. its

15. your

16. them, ours

17. your, mine

А

По своему значению и функции в предложении глаголы раз­деляются на:

а) самостоятельные - write, speak, go;

б) вспомогательные, служащие для образования временных форм глагола - to be, to have, to do, shall, should, will, would;

в) глаголы-связки, служащие для образования составного именного сказуемого - to be, to become, to get, to grow, to turn;

г) модальные глаголы, выражающие отношение говорящего к действию и состоянию - must, can, may, should.

В зависимости от направленности действия глаголы разде­ляются на:

а) переходные, которые имеют после себя прямое, косвенное или предложное дополнение - to give, to bring, to show, to love;

б) непереходные, которые не принимают дополнения, напри­мер: to come, to go, to sleep.

Основными формами глагола в современном английском язы ке являются: I — инфинитив (Infinitive), II — прошедшее неопрё деленное время (Past Indefinite), III — причастие II (Participle II и IV — причастие I (Participle I). Эти формы служат для образования всех остальных глагольных форм.

По способу образования основных форм прошедшего неопределённого времени и причастия прошедшего времени (Participle – II) глаголы делятся на правильные (стандартные) и неправильные (нестандартные)

	I	II	III	IV
Infinitive	Past Indefinite	Participle II	Participle I
Стандартный глагол	to ask спрашивать	asked спрашивал	asked спрашивае­мый, спрошен­ный	asking спрашиваю­щий, спраши­вая
Нестандартный глагол	to send посылать	sent посылал	sent посылаемый, посланный	sending посылающий, посылая

Наиболее распространенными глаголами английского языка являются глаголы to be и to have. Они употребляются как смы­словые глаголы в значении «быть, находиться» и «иметь»; как вспомогательные, служащие для образования видо-временных форм глаголов; и как модальные, выражающие планируемое действие в будущем (to be to) и необходимость совершения дей­ствия в силу определенных обстоятельств (to have to).

В отличие от других глаголов to be и to have имеют отдель­ные формы для 1-го и 3-го лица единственного и множественно­го числа: I am (was), he (she, it) is (was), we (you, they) are (were), I have (had), he (she, it) has (had).

Кроме того, они образуют вопросительную и отрицательную формы без вспомогательного глагола (do, does, did), за исключе­нием глагола to have в модальном значении и в составе устой­чивых словосочетаний типа to have dinner, to have classes, to have a rest, to have tea, etc.

Глагол to be

	Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite	Future Indefinite
Affirmative	I am You are He She is It We are They are	I was You were He She was It We were They were	I shall be You will be He She will be It We shall be They will be
	Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite	Future Indefinite
Negative	I am not You are not (aren't) He She is not (isn't) It We are not They are not	I was not You were not (weren't) He She was not (wasn't) It We were not They were not	I shall not (shan't) be You will not (won't) be He She will not be It We shall not be Theywill not be
Interrogative	Am I? Are you? he? Is she? it? Are we? Are they?	Was I? Wereyou? he? Was she? it? Were we? Were they?	Shall I be? Willyou be? he be? Will she be? it be? Shall we be? Will they be?

Глагол to have

	Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite	Future Indefinite
Affirmative	I have You have He She has It We have They have	I had You had He She had It We had They had	I shall have You will have He She will have It We shall have They will have
Negative	I have not (haven't) You have not (haven't) He She has not (hasn't) It We have not (haven't) They have not (haven't)	I had not (hadn't) You had not (hadn't) He She had not (hadn't) It We had not (hadn't) They had not (hadn't)	I shall not (shan't) have You will not (won't) have He She will not have It We shall not have They will not have

Interrogative

Have I? Haveyou? he? Has she? it? Havewe? Have they?

Had I? Hadyou? he? Hadshe it? Hadwe? Had they?

Shall I have? Will you have? he Will she have? it Shall we have? Will they have?

Дата добавления: 2015-05-31