WRITING. Главной целью социальной политики в республике является предоставление каждому трудоспособному человеку возможности своим трудом и предприимчивостью создать

СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА

Главной целью социальной политики в республике является предоставление каждому трудоспособному человеку возможности своим трудом и предприимчивостью создать свое семейное благосостояние, а для нетрудоспособных и нуждающихся граждан - обеспечить надежную социальную защиту. При этом социальная защита должна быть исключительно адресной и направлена на конкретные, самые незащищенные группы и слои населения.

Международный опыт стран с переходной экономикой показывает, что эффективные системы адресной социальной помощи в состоянии обеспечить поддержку лишь 10-15% населения.

Особое внимание уделяется в республике жителям сельской местности, которые острее других ощущают жизненные трудности: неразвитость социальной инфраструктуры, транспортных услуг, бытового обслуживания.

Поставлена задача осуществлять работу по введению государственных социальных стандартов по всей стране с обязательным учетом региональных особенностей. Введение социальных стандартов направлено на то, чтобы уровень социальной защиты гарантированно улучшался.

Приоритетной задачей государства в области социальной защиты является забота о семье, детях, в частности, обеспечение необходимых условий для реализации семьей ее экономической, воспроизводственной, воспитательной и культурно-психологической функций; обеспечение прав детей на их полноценное физическое, интеллектуальное, нравственное и социальное развитие.

1. Write a letter to your penfriend telling about your last visit to your native town or village and describing your favourite sight there.

2. Read the following text, entitle it and then write an abstract of its contents.

In 2008, the Belarusian government approved of a list of 519 state-controlled companies subject to privatization by way of share issue with further sale of stakes in 2008-2010, and a list of 147 open joint stock companies with state stakes to be sold in 2008-2010. The government approved the lists by its resolution dated July 14, 2008.

Among the 176 state-run companies to be privatized as early as 2008 are Minsk Motor Plant (MMZ), Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ), Termoplast plant, Vavilov plant, Belgaztechnika, Baranovichi auto component plant, Rogachev-based Diaprojector plant, Promsvyaz, Belarusian ocean company, NIIEVM, 558th aircraft repair plant in Baranovichi, Borisov medications plant.

Belarus plans to privatize 213 state-owned companies in 2009, including Gomselmash, BeIAZ, Minsk Wheeled Tractor Plant (MZKT), Vityaz, Agat-Sistem, Belgosproject institute, Electronica plant, Gomeltransneft Druzhba, Novopolotsk-based Druzhba oil transport company, Tsvetotron, Giprosvyaz, Transaviaexport air carrier, and DORORS trading company with Belarusian Railway.

In 2010, it is planned to privatize Minsk P.M. Masherov automated lines plant, Minsk research institute of radio materials, Orsha flax factory, Belavtostrada, Minsk electromechanical works, Baranovichi cotton factory, amongst others.

The list of open joint-stock companies in which shares will be sold in 2008-2010 includes Gomelsteklo, Kolas printing factory, Minsk Bearings Plant, Glubokoe cannery, Brest carpets, Svitanak, and Barkhim.

The government ordered state authorities to submit to the State Property Committee proposals as to the size of state stakes in enterprises on the list that will be sold to investors, as well as mechanisms to sell them. Local administrations will have to indicate conditions for auctioning state enterprises and present their statements of affairs as of 1 January 2008.

The State Property Committee will be using the proposals to draft presidential instructions to sell state stakes in open joint-stock companies by 1 May 2009 and 1 May 2010.

The original list, including 240 companies, had to be coordinated with 26 state agencies, but the government dismissed it, because to transform all enterprises subject to reform under presidential decree #7 in just three years was too short a time.

Since privatization started in 1994,1,097 state-owned enterprises have been denationalized. Most of these were transformed in the mid-90s. Privatization was virtually suspended in the late 1990s. The change in ownership patterns quite often failed to replace the owner. Most denationalized enterprises were turned into open joint-stock companies - 911 of 1,097, including 362 companies in which the state retained stakes exceeding 75%, 72 companies with state shareholdings between 50% and 75%, 117 companies with state stakes between 25% and 50% and 84 businesses with state-controlled shareholdings below 25%.

Only 310 companies were free from state control. The rest of the 1,097 transformed companies were denationalized.

2. Write an essay of about 200 words presenting your forecast for the future of the Belarusian economy.

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