St. Petersburg

St Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia and one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It was founded in 1703 by Peter the Great as the «Window to the West». St Petersburg, a city of great beauty, with palaces, cathedrals, churches, and government buildings became the capital.

Under later rulers the new capital of the Russian Empire grew rapidly in wealth and beauty. Architects were brought from Western Europe to lay out the city in harmonious squares. Buildings were constructed of grey and rose-colored granite. The Hermitage Palace and the Winter Palace, the homes of the tsars, were equal to any in Europe.

When the First World War began in 1914, the German-sounding name, St Petersburg, was changed to Petrograd. After the Great October Revolution the city was renamed after Lenin.

During the Great Patriotic War the city suffered a great deal. The German armies laid siege to it in 1941, and for the next year and a half it was cut off from the rest of the country. No-food could be brought in, and people died of starvation; Daily shelling and air raids destroyed parts of the city, thousands of people were killed. Rebuilding took years.

Now St. Petersburg is an important industrial, cultural and educational centre. The population of the city is over 5 million.

St Petersburg is indeed a wonderful city. At every turn there is something to catch your eye. The Winter Palace, the Hermitage, the Russian Museum, St Isaac's Cathedral, the Peter-and-Paul Fortress, the Admiralty building attract thousands of tourists from every comer of the world.

Petersburg's many museums house some of the world's famous art collections. The Hermitage, for example, contains the richest collection of pictures in the world. The city is called Northern Venice because there are 65 rivers and canals there with artistically decorated bridges. It's also famous for its beautiful white nights.

ВАРИАНТ 5.

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т. е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного или

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного (см. образец выполнения 1).

1. This teacher lectures on Physics.

2. His lectures are of great help to us.

3. This city’s art museums enjoy great popularity.

4. The first permanent white settlers came to New York from Holland in 1626.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определении, выраженных именами существительными (см. образец выполнения 2).

1. There are many new machine building factories in the country.

2. It is on Manhattan Island that most of the skyscrapers are located.

3. Many people work in light and food industry enterprises.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. Today there are more people living in the New York City than in Australia, Peru or Sweden.

2. The subway train can go as fast as railroad trains.

3. The Volga is much longer than the Thames.

4. New York moves vertically as well as horizontally.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. Today some of this land costs a million dollars an acre.

2. One may find little shops where imitation diamonds and cheap souvenirs are sold.

3. Do you go anywhere in the morning?

4. Any student translated this text without a dictionary.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский, язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

1. People live on the ground, travel under the ground and work in the sky in New York.

2. These Dutch settlers bought all of Manhattan Island from the Indians.

3. Neither my friend nor I translated this text.

4. Train 348 will return in two days.

VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

Дата добавления: 2015-06-28