Sense, structure and principles of international economic relations

An important element of the international economic system is international economic relations. This necessitates a systematic analysis of international economic relations: their forms, levels, subjects and principles of operation.

The structure of modern international economic relations includes the following forms:

• International trade - the exchange of goods and services between national economies;

• International movement of capital - capital flows between countries in search of more lucrative field of application;

• International labour migration - the movement of the working population between countries, mainly due to economic reasons;

• World monetary system - fixed by international agreements form of economic relations, which mediates and facilitates the realization of all other forms of IER, providing a system of international payments.

International economic relations are developing at different levels: on the one hand, depending on the extent, scale and frequency of interaction between business entities (economic ties, economic cooperation, economic cooperation, economic integration), and on the other - depending on the scope of activities:

• micro - level subjects;

• meso - level branches;

• macro - at the country level;

• goal - at the regional groupings.

The core of modern IER serves international economic activity of businesses, especially companies, aims to profit mainly due to external factors. In every country there are companies whose activities are limited to the national market, although the proportion of such firms tends to decrease. Quite a representative group is formed of companies with a focus on national and international markets. And finally, there are companies that "work" exclusively on external market.

Business enterprises in the international market is in the following forms:

1. Exports and imports of goods and services.

2. Contract, cooperative agreement.

3. Economic activity abroad.

4. Portfolio and direct investment abroad.

General Principles of IER:

1) progressive development according to objective economic laws;

2) systematic, i.e. the development of IER as a system of interrelated elements and links when changes in one element leading to mandatory changes in other element and the entire system;

3) equivalence of exchange is mutually beneficial international economic relations for all participants.

The principles formed by UN, have universal character. In addition, at the national level, bilateral and multilateral basis, in the framework of international integration groups the principles of specific nature are produced and agreed, which function only within certain arrangements.

Дата добавления: 2014-01-04