Time Line of management Thought

Definition of management

Table 1

DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT

«manage» = from the Italian maneggiare “to handle — especially tools”

= from the Latin manus “hand”

“management” = from Old French ménagement “the art of conducting, directing”,

=from Latin manu agere “to lead by the hand”

characterises the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business, through the deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial, material, intellectual or intangible).

	Author	Definition
	Mary Parker Follet (1868-1933)	Management is the art of getting things done through others
	Henry Fayol (1841-1925)	To manage is to forecast and to plan, organize, to command, to co-ordinate and to control
	Louis Allen - 1964	Management is what a manager does
	American Marketing Association	Management is guiding human and physical resources into dynamic organizational units which attain their objectives to the satisfaction of those served within a high degree of moral and sense of attainment on the part of those rendering services
	Dalton E. McFarland	Management is the fundamental integrating and operating mechanism underlying organized effort
	George R. Terry	Management is a distinct process... performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives by the use of human beings and other resources
	Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856–1915)	Management is an Art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done the best and cheepest way
	Peter F.Drucker	Management is work and as such it has its own skills, its own tools and its own techniques

The development of management thought has been evaluated in nature under the following four parts:

1. Pre-Scientific Management Era (before 1880) includes following items:

- administration of mohenjodaro & harappa Cities Of ancient aryan in 2000 B.C.;

- buddha order and the sangha;

- 3000 В.С. – Sumerians used written rules and regulations for governance;

- 3000 B.C. – Egyptians used many management practices still used today in building pyramids;

- 1500 B.C. – Chinese used extensive organizational structure for government agencies and the arts;

- 1000 B.C. – Romans used organizational structure for communication and control.

2. Classical Management Era (1880-1930; main scientists - Frederick Winslow Taylor, Henri Fayol, Henry Lawrence Grantt) includes:

2.1 Scientific management school;

2.2 Administration management school;

2.3 Bureaucracy management.

3. Neo-classical Management Era (1930 – 1950; main scientists - Mary Parker Fallet, Elton Mayo) includes:

3.1 Human relation school;

3.2 Behavioral management school.

4. Modern Management Era (1950 - on word; main scientists - Chester I.Barnard, Rensist Likert, McGregor) includes:

4.1 Social system school;

4.2 Decision theory school;

4.3 Quantitative management school;

4.4. System management school;

4.5 Contingency management school;

So, Time Line of Management Thought can be illustrated in the following way (fig. 1).

Fig. 1 Time Line of Management Thought

There are 5 main t theories in the Management Thought (fig.2).

Fig. 2 Management theories

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